Prevalence of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome: A Single-Center Retrospective Study

Santilli, Manlio; Manciocchi, Eugenio; D’Addazio, Gianmaria; Maria, Erica Di; D’Attilio, Michele; Femminella, Beatrice; Sinjari, Bruna

doi:10.3390/ijerph181910277

Cited by 27 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…OSAHS is difficult to diagnose, and patients themselves tend to ignore and underestimate the symptoms [ 43 ]. Therefore, it is necessary to introduce specific sleep disorder questions and questionnaires into dental records, which can help clinicians identify patients at risk for OSAHS [ 44 ]. The study suggests that there is a pathological correlation between OASHS and the occurrence of periodontal diseases, which is supported by the above views.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Hypoxic Environment on Periodontal Tissue through the ROS/TXNIP/NLRP3 Inflammasome Pathway

Zhu

2022

BioMed Research International

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There is low evidence for the possible association between obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) and periodontitis, necessitating further research. This study was aimed at investigating this association. For the in vitro study, 8-day-old Wistar rats were divided into the unilateral nasal obstruction group (UNO) and the sham surgery group (SHAM). Rats in the former group were subjected to UNO by cauterization of the external nostril at the age of 8 days. Immunofluorescence analysis, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and western blot were performed to assess the expression of thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP), NLR family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome-associated factors, and interleukin-1β (IL-1β). Throughout the experimental period, the weights of rats in the two groups were similar. The mRNA and protein expression of TXNIP and IL-1β was significantly higher in the UNO than in the SHAM groups. Compared with SHAM, NLRP3 inflammasome-associated factors were activated in the UNO group. For the in vitro study, a cellular hypoxia model was established by treating human periodontal ligament cells (HPDLCs) with cobalt chloride. The studies showed that hypoxia can induce an excessive production and accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in HPDLCs and induce abnormal expression of TNXIP, NLRP3 inflammasome-related factors, and IL-1β. More importantly, N-acetylcysteine induced reduction of ROS in HPDLCs, downregulated TXNIP expression, inhibited the expression and aggregation of NLRP3 inflammasome-related factors, and abrogated the inflammatory response to hypoxia. In conclusion, hypoxia-induced ROS can activate the TXNIP/NLRP3 inflammasome signaling pathway in response to oxidative stress, resulting in the increased expression of inflammatory factors in HPDLCs. Our findings provide evidence for the mechanism underlying the possible association between OSAHS and periodontal disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Hypoxic Environment on Periodontal Tissue through the ROS/TXNIP/NLRP3 Inflammasome Pathway

Zhu

2022

BioMed Research International

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“…Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common sleep disorder represented by repetitive nocturnal upper airway collapse accompanied by intermittent hypoxia, fragmented sleep, fluctuations in blood pressure and highly active sympathetic nervous system activity [ 23 , 24 ]. Sleep questionnaires and the number of apnea/hypopnea incidents per night determine the level of severity of OSA, measured by the apnea/hypopnea index (AHI) [ 25 , 26 ] assessed during Polysomnography (PSG), which is an important but costly and time-consuming tool for identifying OSA. In 2011, a Spanish team consisting of Dr. Fortuna used breath analysis to find that fractional exhaled nitric oxide (a vasodilator), is higher in OSA patients, assisting in identification, treatment, and monitoring of the patients under mechanical ventilation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Change in the Constricted Airway in Patients after Clear Aligner Treatment: A Retrospective Study

Fountoulaki

Thurzo

2022

Diagnostics

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This retrospective study evaluated changes in the pharyngeal portion of the upper airway in patients with constricted and normal airways treated with clear aligners (Invisalign, Align). Additionally, we assessed the change of tongue position in the oral cavity from a lateral view. Evaluation was performed with specialized software (Invivo 6.0, Anatomage) on pretreatment and post-treatment pairs of cone beam computed tomography imaging (CBCT) data. The level of airway constriction, volume, cross-section minimal area and tongue profile were evaluated. Patients with malocclusion, with pair or initial and finishing CBCT and without significant weight change between the scans, treated with Invisalign clear aligners were distributed into two groups. Group A consisted of fifty-five patients with orthodontic malocclusion and constricted upper airway. Control group B consisted of thirty-one patients with orthodontic malocclusions without any airway constriction. In the group with airway constriction there was a statistically significant increase in volume during therapy (p < 0.001). The surface of the most constricted cross-section of the airway did not change significantly after treatment in any of the groups. The final tongue position was different from the initial position in 62.2% of all clear aligner treatments. The position of the smallest clearance of the airway in the pharynx was similar for both groups localized at the level of 2nd cervical vertebra.

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“…Significant is also the role of sleep questionnaires for the diagnosis of OSA [26]. Usually, the number of apnea/hypopnea incidents per night determines the level of severity of OSA, measured in apnea/hypopnea index (AHI) [27], [28]. This index is the primary outcome of Polysomnography (PSG).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Change in the Constricted Airway in Patients after Clear Aligner Treatment: Retrospective Study

Fountoulaki¹,

Thurzo²

2022

Preprint

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This retrospective study evaluated changes in the pharyngeal portion of the upper airway in pa-tients with constricted and normal airway treated with clear aligners (Invisalign, Align). Additionally, the paper has assessed the change of tongue position in the oral cavity from lateral view. Evaluation was performed with specialized software (Invivo 6.0, Anatomage) on pre-treatment and posttreatment pairs of cone beam computed tomography imaging (CBCT) data. The level of airway constriction, volume, cross-section minimal area, and tongue profile were evaluated. Patients with malocclusion, with pair or initial and finishing CBCT and without sig-nificant weight change between the scans, treated with Invisalign clear aligners were distributed in two groups. Group A consisted of fifty-five patients with orthodontic malocclusion and con-stricted upper airway. Control group B consisted of thirty-one patients with orthodontic malocclusions without any airway constriction. In the group with airway constriction, there was a statistically significant increase in volume during therapy (p<0.001). The surface of the most con-stricted cross-section of airway did not change significantly after treatment in any of the groups. The airway constriction was most frequently localized at the level of 2nd cervical vertebra. The final tongue position was different from initial in 62.2% of all clear aligner treatments.

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Prevalence of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome: A Single-Center Retrospective Study

Cited by 27 publications

References 52 publications

Effects of Hypoxic Environment on Periodontal Tissue through the ROS/TXNIP/NLRP3 Inflammasome Pathway

Effects of Hypoxic Environment on Periodontal Tissue through the ROS/TXNIP/NLRP3 Inflammasome Pathway

Change in the Constricted Airway in Patients after Clear Aligner Treatment: A Retrospective Study

Change in the Constricted Airway in Patients after Clear Aligner Treatment: Retrospective Study

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