Prevalence of novel porcine circovirus 3 in Korean pig populations

Kwon, Taehyun; Yoo, Sang‐Jo; Park, Choi‐Kyu; Lyoo, Young S.

doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2017.06.013

Cited by 166 publications

(162 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Since the discovery of PCV3 in 2015, most studies have focused on the genetic characterization of individual isolates and on clinical and epidemiological investigations 22, 23, 25, 38. Here, we provide new insight into the origin, epidemiology, and evolution of PCV3.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, a novel circovirus was identified by next generation sequence (NGS) analysis of aborted fetuses of sows and named PCV3 21, 22. The newly discovered virus was associated with PDNS 23. PCV3 infection might contribute to PDNS and reproductive failure, cardiac, and multisystemic inflammation 10, 21, 24.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Like PCV2, there are two major open reading frames (ORFs) in the genome of PCV3: ORF1 encodes proteins involved in viral replication (Rep) and ORF2 encodes a major structural protein, the capsid protein (Cap) 25. PCV3 sequences were detected widely in the USA,21 China,26, 27, 28 Brazil,29 Thailand,30 Korea,23 and many European countries,22, 31, 32, 33, 34 including Poland, Italy, Spain, Denmark, Germany, the UK among others. The PCV3 that was first identified in the USA was more closely related to canine circovirus although with weak bootstrap support 21.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Origin, Genetic Diversity, and Evolutionary Dynamics of Novel Porcine Circovirus 3

et al. 2018

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Porcine circovirus 3 (PCV3) is a novel virus associated with acute PDNS (porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome)‐like clinical signs identified by metagenomic sequencing from swine. Its high occurrence may pose a potential threat to the swine industry worldwide. The processes resulting in the emergence and spread of PCV3 remain poorly understood. Herein, the possible origin, genotypes, and evolutionary dynamics of PCV3 based on available genomic sequences are determined. The closest ancestor of PCV3 is found to be within the clade 1 bat CVs. Using different phylogenetic methods, two major genotypes are identified, PCV3a and PCV3b. It is found that the effective population size of PCV3 increased rapidly during late 2013 to early 2014 and this is associated with the diversification of PCV3a and PCV3b. A relatively high effective reproductive number (Re) value and higher evolutionary rate were found compared to other single‐stranded DNA viruses, and positive selection on codons 122 and 320 (24 of ORF2) is identified. It is hypothesized that this, together with the prediction of a potential change of an antigenic epitope at position 320, might have allowed PCV3 to escape from the host immune response. Overall, this study has important implications for understanding the ongoing PCV3 cases worldwide and will guide future efforts to develop effective preventive and control measures.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Origin, Genetic Diversity, and Evolutionary Dynamics of Novel Porcine Circovirus 3

et al. 2018

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“…Of note, three sequences of capsid gene from the United Kingdom and five sequences from the United States detected by this study showed 100% identity to PCV3/KU‐1602 from Korea (Kwon et al . ) and PCV3 29160 from the United States (Palinski et al ., ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The CAP protein of Korean strains shared over 98% identities to that of the US strains (Kwon et al . ). No PCV3 was reported in European countries except Poland and Italy recently (Stadejek et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Establishment of a sensitive TaqMan‐based real‐time PCR assay for porcine circovirus type 3 and its application in retrospective quarantine of imported boars to China

Chen

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2019

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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Porcine circovirus type 3 ( PCV 3) is a novel pathogen first identified in the United States in 2016. As there is a high possibility that no clinical signs of infection are observed in the host, an accurate and sensitive method is needed for quarantine on numerous live pigs especially for international pig trade. In this study, a TaqMan‐based real‐time PCR assay specifically for PCV 3 was established without cross‐reactions with other non‐targeted pig viruses. The sensitivity of the current approach is about 1.5 × 10 1 copies μ L −1 plasmid DNA while the sensitivity of the conventional PCR is about 1.5 × 10 2 copies μ L −1 plasmid DNA . Further, this assay was applied in the retrospective quarantine on serum samples of 601 commercial live boars imported to China from the United States, France and the United Kingdom from 2011 to 2017. The results revealed that PCV 3 could be detected positive in the commercial boars imported from the United States and the above‐mentioned western European countries and phylogenetic study also revealed that viral isolates were grouped with some isolates from Korea and the United States. Our study suggested that PCV 3 may be prevalent globally since 2011.

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Prevalence of porcine circovirus type 2 and type 3 in slaughtered pigs and wild boars in Korea

Park,

Kim,

Jeong

et al. 2023

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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BackgroundPorcine circovirus, a non‐enveloped single‐stranded DNA virus belonging to the genus Circovirus of the family Circoviridae, is a major pathogen of porcine circovirus‐associated disease. Porcine circovirus 3, a novel porcine circovirus, has been identified in individuals with clinical symptoms.ObjectivesThe prevalence of porcine circovirus 2 and porcine circovirus 3 and the confirmation of diagnosis of this emerging viral disease have not been fully studied yet. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of porcine circovirus 2 and porcine circovirus 3 in slaughtered pigs and wild boars in Korea between 2018 and 2019.MethodsLungs and hilar lymph nodes of healthy pigs slaughtered in slaughterhouses and captured wild pigs were collected, and viruses were detected by multiplex quantitative polymerase chain reaction and two staining methods (in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry) to confirm the presence of porcine circovirus 2 and porcine circovirus 3.ResultsPositive rates of porcine circovirus 2 in lungs and hilar lymph nodes were 78.1% (75/96) and 89.5% (86/96) in slaughtered pigs, respectively. They were 18.0% (30/167) and 46.3% (24/55) in wild boars, respectively. Positive rates of porcine circovirus 3 in lungs and hilar lymph nodes were 30.2% (29/96) and 13.5% (13/96) in slaughtered pigs, respectively. They were 4.2% (7/167) and 5.5% (3/55) in wild boars, respectively. At the farm level, positive rates of porcine circovirus 2 and porcine circovirus 3 were 97.9% (47/48) and 54.2% (26/48), respectively. Positive rates of porcine circovirus 2 and porcine circovirus 3 decreased in spring. Immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization confirmed the presence of porcine circovirus 2 and porcine circovirus 3 in lungs, but not porcine circovirus 3 in the hilar lymph nodes.ConclusionThese results suggest that the prevalence of porcine circovirus 2 and porcine circovirus 3 might vary depending on the season and the type of sample. Wild boars might play a role in the epidemiology of porcine circovirus 2 and porcine circovirus 3 in South Korea. Continuous surveillance and further study are needed for this emerging disease.

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Prevalence of novel porcine circovirus 3 in Korean pig populations

Cited by 166 publications

References 8 publications

Origin, Genetic Diversity, and Evolutionary Dynamics of Novel Porcine Circovirus 3

Origin, Genetic Diversity, and Evolutionary Dynamics of Novel Porcine Circovirus 3

Establishment of a sensitive TaqMan‐based real‐time PCR assay for porcine circovirus type 3 and its application in retrospective quarantine of imported boars to China

Prevalence of porcine circovirus type 2 and type 3 in slaughtered pigs and wild boars in Korea

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