Prevalence of Neurotropic Viruses in Malignant Glioma and Their Onco-Modulatory Potential

Strojnik, Tadej; Duh, Darja; Lah, Tamara T.

doi:10.21873/invivo.11049

Cited by 36 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Strojnik et al ( 34 ) also found HHV-6 in 2/45, HSV2 in 1/45, and hEV in 1/45 glioma tissue samples tested. All positive tests were in grade IV gliomas but of varying origin.…”

Section: Ebv and Gliomasmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Again, none of the patients’ positive for HHV-6 or HSV2 in glioma tissues developed antibodies in serum samples though five positive results for HSV2 antibodies were noted even in the absence of virus in the tumor samples. Furthermore, the presence of adenoviruses, HSV-1, CMV, and VZV was not confirmed in any of the 45 tissue samples studied ( 34 ).…”

Section: Ebv and Gliomasmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Several, but not all, of the studies conducted across different geographical locations, such as North America, South America, Europe, and Japan, have shown a positive association of EBV in patients with gliomas (Table 1 ). Recently, Stojnik et al ( 34 ) studied the presence of EBV, along with HSV-2, HHV-6, and one human enterovirus (hEV) in high-grade gliomas in 45 adult patients (12 with grade III and 33 with grade IV) at the University Clinical Centre in Maribor, Slovenia. Glioma tissue samples were obtained either from tumor biopsies (19/45) or following surgical tumor reduction (26/45) from patients with a median age of 60 years (ranging from 22 to 86 years).…”

Section: Ebv and Gliomasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Importantly, all three EBV+ patients had grade IV gliomas (GBM) and no virus was detected in any of the 12 grade III gliomas, implying this virus is preferentially associated with most aggressive CNS tumors. However, none of the patients were found to be seropositive for EBV antibodies ( 34 ). This was in contrast to an earlier report by Wrensch et al ( 76 ), who used serological IgG antibody binding using ELISA assays to demonstrate that about 90% of their GBM patients, from the USA, San Francisco Bay Area Adult Glioma Study from 1991 to 1995, were seropositive for EBV ( 76 ).…”

Section: Ebv and Gliomasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Viruses such as human papillomavirus (HPV) and human cytomegalovirus (CMV)—also known as human herpes virus-5 are strongly linked to the etiology and progression of cervical and colorectal cancers, respectively ( 32 , 33 ). Several viruses have been linked to the etiology of brain tumors including CMV and other herpes viruses, such human herpes virus 6 (HHV-6 or roseolovirus), John Cunningham Virus (JCV; a polyomavirus); adenoviruses and Simian virus 40 (SV40), and others ( 30 , 34 ). However, in the case of brain tumors, there is contradictory and/or controversial evidence linking many of these viruses, especially CMV—a ubiquitous herpes virus ( 32 , 35 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Epstein–Barr Virus in Gliomas: Cause, Association, or Artifact?

et al. 2018

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Gliomas are the most common malignant brain tumors and account for around 60% of all primary central nervous system cancers. Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a grade IV glioma associated with a poor outcome despite recent advances in chemotherapy. The etiology of gliomas is unknown, but neurotropic viruses including the Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) that is transmitted via salivary and genital fluids have been implicated recently. EBV is a member of the gamma herpes simplex family of DNA viruses that is known to cause infectious mononucleosis (glandular fever) and is strongly linked with the oncogenesis of several cancers, including B-cell lymphomas, nasopharyngeal, and gastric carcinomas. The fact that EBV is thought to be the causative agent for primary central nervous system (CNS) lymphomas in immune-deficient patients has led to its investigations in other brain tumors including gliomas. Here, we provide a review of the clinical literature pertaining to EBV in gliomas and discuss the possibilities of this virus being simply associative, causative, or even an experimental artifact. We searched the PubMed/MEDLINE databases using the following key words such as: glioma(s), glioblastoma multiforme, brain tumors/cancers, EBV, and neurotropic viruses. Our literature analysis indicates conflicting results on the presence and role of EBV in gliomas. Further comprehensive studies are needed to fully implicate EBV in gliomagenesis and oncomodulation. Understanding the role of EBV and other oncoviruses in the etiology of gliomas, would likely open up new avenues for the treatment and management of these, often fatal, CNS tumors.

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“…Strojnik et al ( 34 ) also found HHV-6 in 2/45, HSV2 in 1/45, and hEV in 1/45 glioma tissue samples tested. All positive tests were in grade IV gliomas but of varying origin.…”

Section: Ebv and Gliomasmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Ebv and Gliomasmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Ebv and Gliomasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ebv and Gliomasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Epstein–Barr Virus in Gliomas: Cause, Association, or Artifact?

et al. 2018

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Agricultural activities and risk of central nervous system tumors among French farm managers: Results from the TRACTOR project

Petit

Gandon

Chabardès

et al. 2022

Intl Journal of Cancer

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The etiology of central nervous system (CNS) tumors is complex and involves many suspected risk factors. Scientific evidence remains insufficient, in particular in the agricultural field. The goal of our study was to investigate associations between agricultural activities and CNS tumors in the entire French farm manager workforce using data from the TRACTOR project. The TRACTOR project hold a large administrative health database covering the entire French agricultural workforce, over the period 2002-2016, on the whole French metropolitan territory. Associations were estimated for 26 activities and CNS tumors using Cox proportional hazards model, with time to first CNS tumor insurance declaration as the underlying timescale, adjusting for sex, age and geographical area. There were 1017 cases among 1 036 069 farm managers, including 317 meningiomas and 479 gliomas. Associations varied with tumor types, sex and types of crop and animal farming. Analyses showed several increased risks of CNS tumors, in particular for animal farming. The main increases in risk were observed for meningioma in mixed dairy and cow farming (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.75, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.09-2.81) and glioma in pig farming (HR = 2.28, 95% CI: 1.37-3.80). Our study brings new insights on the association of a wide range of agricultural activities and CNS tumor and subtype-specific risks in farm managers.

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