Prevalence of Nasal Carriage of<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>and Susceptibility of Isolates to Methicillin and Mupirocin Among Healthcare Workers in an Iranian Hospital

Rahbar, Mohammad; Yaghoobi, Mahmood; Kia-Darbandsari, Behnam

doi:10.1086/501153

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 9 publications

(3 reference statements)

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“…Similarly, full susceptibility of MRSA isolates to vancomycin, linezolid and rifampin has already been reported. 17,18 The lack of resistance to gentamycin observed in our study is somehow consistent with very low resistance level reported by other researchers 13,19 ; however, this observation may also be attributed to limited use of injectable antibiotics such as gentamycin in HCWs or even patients.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…This frequency is lower than those obtained in the previous studies. 3,[13][14][15] Meanwhile, our findings revealed that 46.7% of the isolates were MRSA, which is in agreement with the study of Dadashi et al (43.0%). 16 It has been noted that the prevalence of MRSA has increased from the year 2000, which partly explains the high prevalence of MRSA observed in our study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

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Nasal Carriage and Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolates from Clinical Staff of a Referral Hospital, Zabol, Iran

Mir

Kordi

Ghalehnoo

et al. 2019

Int J Basic Sci Med

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Introduction: Staphylococcus aureus is known as the causative agent of various infections in humans, and the nasal cavity is the main anatomical site for storing and spreading this pathogen in health care workers (HCWs) in hospital settings. Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strains are resistant to many antibiotics. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and antibiotic resistance patterns of S. aureus strains isolated from the nasal carriage of HCWs in a referral hospital in Zabol. Methods: A total of 277 HCWs of Amir-Al-Momenin hospital of Zabol participated voluntarily in this study from March to September 2017. Demographic information was collected using questionnaire. Bacterial isolates were collected from anterior nasal canal using cotton swabs. MRSA isolates were detected by Oxacillin Screen agar and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Antibiotic resistance was assessed by the disk-diffusion method.Results: In total, 10.8% of HCWs were carriers of S. aureus and 46.7% of the isolates were found to be MRSA. Laboratory staffs were the most frequently colonized HCWs. All the isolates were susceptible to vancomycin, teicoplanin and gentamicin. The highest resistance rate (64.3%) of MRSA isolates was observed against erythromycin.Conclusion: Our findings showed that gentamycin and rifampin might be useful to eradicate S.aureus. Regular screening of HCWs and assessment of antibiotic resistance profile are essential to prevent MRSA dissemination in hospitals.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Nasal Carriage and Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolates from Clinical Staff of a Referral Hospital, Zabol, Iran

Mir

Kordi

Ghalehnoo

et al. 2019

Int J Basic Sci Med

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“…The prevalence of nasal carriage in various medical schools in Hamedan was 25.2% (15). This value was 31.7% among health care workers in Hamedan, and 31% in Tehran (16). However, Zia sheikh aleslami et al reported that the nasal carriage was 20% among healthcare workers in Rafsanjan , which was lower than other cities (17).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Assessment of the frequency of Staphylococcus aureus carriers and its antibiotic susceptibility in paramedical students in Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Iran

Moghadam¹,

Tashakori

Zandi

et al. 2016

JOHE

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“…This parameter is therefore also a free parameter in our model, although it is assumed to be constant over the study period. We inferred from the literature that the probability of a HCW suffering nasal MRSA carriage was 4.1 per cent (104 studies; 95% CI, 0.3 -7.9%) [39][40][41][42][43][44]. Consequently, such a HCW's hands were likely to be self-contaminated with some probability per hour P R following decontamination through hand hygiene.…”

Section: Transmission Rates and Probabilitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transmission dynamics of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a medical intensive care unit

Hall

Barrass²,

Pittet

et al. 2012

J. R. Soc. Interface.

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Intensive care units (ICUs) play an important role in the epidemiology of methicillin-resistant Staphyloccocus aureus (MRSA). Although successful interventions are multi-modal, the relative efficacy of single measures remains unknown. We developed a discrete time, individual-based, stochastic mathematical model calibrated on cross-transmission observed through prospective surveillance to explore the transmission dynamics of MRSA in a medical ICU. Most input parameters were derived from locally acquired data. After fitting the model to the 46 observed cross-transmission events and performing sensitivity analysis, several screening and isolation policies were evaluated by simulating the number of cross-transmissions and isolation-days. The number of all cross-transmission events increased from 54 to 72 if only patients with a past history of MRSA colonization are screened and isolated at admission, to 75 if isolation is put in place only after the results of the admission screening become available, to 82 in the absence of admission screening and with a similar reactive isolation policy, and to 95 when no isolation policy is in place. The method used (culture or polymerase chain reaction) for admission screening had no impact on the number of cross-transmissions. Systematic regular screening during ICU stay provides no added-value, but aggressive admission screening and isolation effectively reduce the number of cross-transmissions. Critically, colonized healthcare workers may play an important role in MRSA transmission and their screening should be reinforced.

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Prevalence of Nasal Carriage ofStaphylococcus aureusand Susceptibility of Isolates to Methicillin and Mupirocin Among Healthcare Workers in an Iranian Hospital

Cited by 10 publications

References 9 publications

Nasal Carriage and Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolates from Clinical Staff of a Referral Hospital, Zabol, Iran

Nasal Carriage and Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolates from Clinical Staff of a Referral Hospital, Zabol, Iran

Assessment of the frequency of Staphylococcus aureus carriers and its antibiotic susceptibility in paramedical students in Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Iran

Transmission dynamics of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a medical intensive care unit

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