Prevalence of myocardial bridge in angiographic population—A study from rural part of western India

Abstract

Introduction: Intramural course of coronary artery is known as myocardial bridge (MB). Its prevalence is highly variable. Very few studies have been conducted in India, mostly from southern state and that too covering urban population. There are no studies from western India. In this study we aimed to estimate the prevalence of MB in coronary angiogram from rural part of western India. Methods and Results: A total of 4,438 patients underwent coronary angiography for various indications during the study period of 69 months. Mean age of the study population was 53.6 ± 11.2 years. MB was found in 212 (4.77%) of patients, predominantly in males. Unstable angina was the most common presentation among males (28.7%), whereas chronic stable angina was being the most common presentation among females (22.6%). Majority of MBs were seen in left anterior descending artery in its mid part (61%). Mean diameter compression of the affected segment was 32.6% ± 11.8%, with no significant difference seen among males and females or between mid and distal left anterior descending artery. Conclusion: Our study showed the prevalence of MB similar to other Indian studies. Left anterior descending artery was most common artery involved. Mean compression was not statistically significant among either sex.

Myocardial bridges: A meta‐analysis

“…Thirty‐six (36) articles gave prevalence data on myocardial bridges identified by conventional angiography: (Altin et al, 2015; Angelini et al, 1983 cited by Möhlenkamp et al, 2002; Aydar et al, 2011; Aydinlar et al, 2005; Cay, Oztürk, Cihan, Kisacik, & Korkmaz, 2006; Channer, Bukis, Hartnell, & Rees, 1989; Chourasiya, Karna, Parikh, Chaudhari, & Patel, 2020; Çiçek, Kalay, & Müderrisoğlu, 2011; Eftekhar‐Vaghefi et al, 2019; Fazliogullari et al, 2009; Gaibazzi, Rigo, & Reverberi, 2011; Ghadri et al, 2014; Greenspan et al, 1980 cited by Möhlenkamp et al, 2002; Harikrishnan et al, 1999 cited by Möhlenkamp et al, 2002; Hongo et al, 1999; Ishimori, Raizner, Chahine, Awdeh, & Luchi, 1977; Juillière et al, 1995; Kramer, Kitazume, Proudfit, & Sones, 1982; Lee, Kim, Park, & Kim, 2014; Leschka et al, 2008; Lu et al, 2008; Mavi et al, 2008; Mohiddin et al, 2000; Pelliccia et al, 2016; Rossi et al, 1980; Somanath et al, 1989 cited by Möhlenkamp et al, 2002; Sorajja et al, 2003; Sun et al, 2013; Teragawa et al, 2003; Tripathy et al, 2015; Tsujita et al, 2008; Wang et al, 2015; Wymore et al, 1989; Xiang, Gong, He, Ruan, & Xie, 2009; Yano et al, 2001 cited by Möhlenkamp et al, 2002; Yetman, McCrindle, MacDonald, Freedom, & Gow, 1998).…”

Retrospective analysis of OCT on MB characteristics and 1-year follow-up of the ISR incidence after the DES implantation in patients with MB

“…Although CAG might seem a valuable modality for anatomic assessment, the sensitivity of CAG for the MB detection is low, generally estimated as about 5%, ranging from 0.5% and 12% in previous studies 9 , 10 , 12 . However, IVUS is usually considered as a more specific and invasive modality for the anatomic detection of MB 9 , 10 .…”

“…The invasive techniques for diagnosing MB are coronary angiography (CAG) and IVUS (intravascular ultrasound) 9 , 11 . A significant "milking effect" is present when minimal luminal diameter (MLD) decreases by ≥ 70% during systole and ≥ 35% during mid-to-late diastole 12 . Using IVUS, the characteristic finding is a "half-moon" sign.…”

Epidemiological, Angiographic and Cardiovascular Outcomes of Patients Diagnosed with Myocardial Bridge

“…Moreover, coronary angiography is considered the gold standard for diagnosing this disorder. Other modalities, like intravascular sonography and multidetector computed tomography, are also useful for diagnosis (9,10). During coronary angiography, the detection rate of MB is relatively low, ranging from 0.8% to 4.9% (6).…”