Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in Schoolchildren and Adolescents in Turkey: A Population-based Study

Cizmecioglu, Fili Zmine; Etiler, Nilay; Hamzaoğlu, Onur; Hatun, Şükrü

doi:10.1515/jpem.2009.22.8.703

Cited by 38 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Moreover, in the study conducted by Itagi and Patil in India among 19,263 children and adolescents, it was seen that the obesity prevalence was 1.89% (17). In the studies carried out in Turkey, obesity prevalence ranged between 1.6% and 10.3% (1,13,(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29). This study's results fall among the obesity frequency range of the prior studies carried out in Turkey.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

“…In some studies carried out specifically in cities neighboring Kütahya, the frequency of obesity was very similar to that detected here in Kütahya. It was noted in a study performed in Bolu among 6924 children and adolescents between the ages of 6 and 17 that the obesity prevalence was 6.1%; in İzmir among 11,629 children and adolescents between the ages of 2 and 15 the obesity prevalence was 6.3%; in Muğla among 4260 children and adolescents between the ages of 6 and 15 the obesity prevalence was 6.3%; and in Kocaeli among 2491 children and adolescents between the ages of 10 and 19 the obesity prevalence was 6.8% (13,19,25,29). The obesity prevalence of boys and girls in Kütahya was 6.5%, an amount that is very similar to the neighboring cities mentioned above (P = 0.943).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

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The obesity prevalence among students between the ages of 5 and 19 in Kütahya

Kaya¹,

Sayan²,

Birinci³

et al. 2014

Turk J Med Sci

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A new, simple, and rapid cloud point extraction (CPE) procedure system, combined with flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS), was developed for selective separation, preconcentration, and determination of trace amounts of total iron in some environmental samples. The complexing agent, N,N -(2,2 -(ethane-1,2-diylbis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(2-chloroacetamide) (EDBOCA), is selective at pH 5.0 for only Fe(II) and Fe(III) ions in the presence of Cu(II), Pb(II), Cd(II), Mn(II), Co(II), Cr(III), Cr(VI), Ni(II), Zn(II), Al(III), Mo(VI), Pd(II), Pt(IV), Au(III), and V(V) ions. The procedure is based on the complexation of Fe(III) ions with EDBOCA reagent in the presence of Triton X-114 (TX-114) as a non-ionic surfactant.The optimum conditions for the CPE of Fe(III) ions were investigated with respect to several experimental parameters such as pH of the solution, TX-114 and EDBOCA concentrations, incubation time and temperature, and centrifugation rate and time. The detection limit for Fe(III) ions based on the 3 times the standard deviation of the blanks ( N :10) was found to be 1.22 μ g L −1 , while the relative standard deviation (RSD) was 4.2%. Environment Canada TM-25.3 and CRM-SA-C Sandy Soil C, as certified reference materials, were used, and spike tests were applied to validate the method. The method was applied to some real environmental samples to evaluate their total iron levels.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

The obesity prevalence among students between the ages of 5 and 19 in Kütahya

Kaya¹,

Sayan²,

Birinci³

et al. 2014

Turk J Med Sci

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“…In 2009, Zorzi et al reported that the prevalence of MetS in Canadian Tsimshian Nation youth aged 6-18 years was 4·7 % using the IDF criteria (18) . In 2009, Cizmecioglu et al reported that the prevalence of MetS among 2491 Turkish schoolchildren aged 10-19 years was 2·3 % according to IDF guidelines (19) . The results obtained in the present study indicated a lower prevalence of MetS in the current study than in Western countries but slightly higher than that in another study conducted in China, in which the overall prevalence of MetS for children older than 10 years was 0·8 %, in accordance with the IDF definition as well (3) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic syndrome and its associated early-life factors in children and adolescents: a cross-sectional study in Guangzhou, China

Wang

Zhu

Cai

et al. 2015

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in 7-to 17-year-old children and adolescents in China and to examine the relationship between MetS and its associated early-life factors. Design: Data were collected using a standard parent/guardian questionnaire in a face-to-face interview. Each participant underwent a complete anthropometric evaluation. MetS was defined according to the criteria of the International Diabetes Federation (IDF; 2007) for children and adolescents. Setting: Guangzhou, a large city in South China, September 2013. Subjects: A total of 1770 children and adolescents were enrolled in the study, including 913 girls (51·6 %) and 857 boys (48·4 %). Results: The overall prevalence of MetS in children and adolescents was 1·1 % (n 19), which was higher in boys (1·4 %) than in girls (0·8 %). Multivariate analysis indicated that high birth weight was significantly associated with abdominal obesity (OR = 2·86; 95 % CI 1·62, 5·06) and MetS (OR = 3·61; 95 % CI 1·33, 9·82). Furthermore, >6 months of maternal breast-feeding was inversely associated with MetS (OR = 0·39; 95 % CI 0·16, 0·98). Conclusion: Based on IDF criteria, the prevalence of MetS among southern Chinese children was significantly lower than that in other populations. High birth weight was significantly associated with abdominal obesity and MetS, and breast-feeding for longer than 6 months was inversely associated with MetS in South China. Keywords Paediatric Metabolic syndrome Obesity NutritionMetabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of cardiovascular risk factors defined by the co-occurrence of at least three of the following features: obesity, hyperglycaemia, hypertension, hypertriacylglycerolaemia and low level of HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) (1) . The prevalence of MetS in children and adolescents is increasing worldwide. In 2014, Miller et al. reported that approximately 73·2 % of the participants in their study presented at least one feature, with an estimated MetS prevalence of 10·1 % among adolescents in the USA (2) . A study in 2012 showed that the prevalence of MetS in six cities in China was 27·6 % in obese participants and 0·2 % in normal-weight children (3) .Morrison et al. showed that MetS during childhood predicts adult MetS and type 2 diabetes mellitus 25-30 years later (4) . This finding emphasizes the importance of early control of MetS during childhood as a strategy for primary prevention of CVD later in life. Identification of risk factors in youngsters is crucial for the prevention and rapid detection of MetS (5) ; however, the associated early-life factors of MetS in children remain unclear and previous results are inconsistent. Some studies showed that urbanization, unhealthy diet and sedentary lifestyle are major contributors to health disorders (6,7) . Furthermore, certain circumstances in utero and early childhood predispose a child to disorders such as obesity, dysglycaemia and MetS (8)(9)(10) .

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“…Over the previous two decades childhood obesity in Turkey increased from 6-7% to 15-16% [33]. In Turkey there are studies performed at the local level covering various geographical regions of the country [41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59]. A summary and a comparison of the results of available studies on adolescent obesity are shown on Table 2.…”

Section: Obesity Among Children and Adolescents A State Inducing Cvdmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Overall obesity prevalence ranges from 1.6 to 7.8% in the included studies of children and adolescents. Adolescent obesity in particular was reported for 1.9, 3.6 and 6.8% of the adolescent participants in Edirne, Ankara and Kocaeli, respectively [49][50]55]. An interesting observation from all the aforementioned studies is that there is a significant range regarding the rates of obesity even when the same area is considered.…”

Section: Obesity Among Children and Adolescents A State Inducing Cvdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Malnutrition and Cardiometabolic Risk among Turkish Adolescents: a Public Health Concern during Epidemiological Transition

Kristo

Sikalidis²

2014

Am. J. Biomed. Sci.

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Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a chronic disease prevalent both in developing and developed countries. Numerous CVD risk factors associated with nutritional behavior and status in children and adolescents set the stage for adult CVD. A significant body of evidence suggests that there is opportunity for abolishment of at least some of the adverse manifestations of CVD and ability for health improvement if proper nutritional practice is followed during young age. Turkey is a country with a large overall population of which a significant part is children and adolescents. Moreover, Turkey is in epidemiological transition exhibiting health and nutritional issues of both the developing and the developed world, with more than half of all deaths in Turkey related to CVD. Furthermore, Turkey is a country of significant and unusual diversity in terms of geography, socio-economic status and origin among others. However, there are not many studies assessing the cardiometabolic risk in adolescent and the ones that assess a few risk factors of CVD are localized in certain areas. In this work we gather, organize and compare the results of several studies on the topic and reach certain conclusions as per the current condition of adolescents in Turkey in regards to malnutrition and cardiometabolic risk.

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Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in Schoolchildren and Adolescents in Turkey: A Population-based Study

Abstract: Although not as high as in developed countries, MS prevalence determined in schoolchildren and adolescents in Turkey warrants preventive measures. MS diagnosis in one of every three obese children shows that MS is an important public health problem in Turkey as well.

Cited by 38 publications

References 34 publications

The obesity prevalence among students between the ages of 5 and 19 in Kütahya

The obesity prevalence among students between the ages of 5 and 19 in Kütahya

Metabolic syndrome and its associated early-life factors in children and adolescents: a cross-sectional study in Guangzhou, China

Malnutrition and Cardiometabolic Risk among Turkish Adolescents: a Public Health Concern during Epidemiological Transition

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