Prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its risk factors among rural adults in Nantong, China

Zhang

et al. 2018

BMC Cardiovasc Disord

BackgroundIt is reported that an increase in food diversity would lower the risk of cardiac–cerebral vascular diseases.MethodsA new index was introduced to develop a Chinese healthy food diversity (HFD) index, exploring the association with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components among Chinese adults. Two sets of data were used. The primary data were from a cross-sectional survey conducted in 2016 called the Chinese Urban Adults Diet and Health Study (CUADHS); the verification data were from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) of 2009. The Chinese HFD index was developed according to the Chinese Dietary Guideline, with food consumption information from 24-h dietary recalls. The association between the index and MetS and its components was explored in logistic regression models.ResultsAmong 1520 participants in the CUADHS, the crude prevalence of MetS was 36.4%, which was 29.0% after the standardisation of age and gender by the 2010 Chinese national census. In the CUADHS, the HFD index ranged from 0.04 to 0.63. The value of the index among participants who are male, young, poorly educated, drinking or smoking, and with high energy intakes was significantly lower than that of their counterparts. In the verification dataset of the CHNS, there were 2398 participants, and the distribution of different genders and age groups was more balanced. The crude prevalence of MetS in the CHNS was 27.3% and the standardised prevalence was 19.5%. The Chinese HFD index ranged from 0.02 to 0.62. In the CUADHS, the Chinese HFD index was not significantly associated with MetS in covariate-adjusted models or with its components. In the CHNS, the Chinese HFD index had a significantly negative correlation with MetS and its components (i.e., elevated fasting glucose and elevated waist circumference) in covariate-adjusted models.ConclusionsIncreased food diversity may decrease the risk of MetS, which is important in dietary interventions of cardiac–cerebral vascular disease. This underscores the necessity of continued investigation into the role of HFD in the prevention of MetS and provides an integral framework for ongoing research.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12872-018-0926-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using an introduced index to assess the association between food diversity and metabolic syndrome and its components in Chinese adults

Zhang

et al. 2018

BMC Cardiovasc Disord

“…The prevalence of metabolic syndrome also increases with age, probably due to the age-related prevalence of abdominal obesity and insulin resistance 40,41 . Metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance can predict the risk and incidence of CKD in non-diabetic elderly patients 11 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Addition of Metabolic Syndrome to Albuminuria Provides a New Risk Stratification Model for Diabetic Kidney Disease Progression in Elderly Patients

Shih

Chuang

Lee

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

Elderly patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) are more prone to developing diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Patients with DKD can develop albuminuria, and some studies have suggested an association between metabolic syndrome and albuminuria. The prevalence of both metabolic syndrome and albuminuria increases with age. We evaluated the association of these risk factors with worsening renal function and albuminuria progression in 460 T2DM patients with a mean age of 72 years. During the 5-year follow-up period, progression of albuminuria and worsening of renal function were observed in 97 (21.2%) and 23 (5.1%) patients, respectively. After adjusting for confounding factors, the group with metabolic syndrome had a higher multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for worsening renal function (P = 0.038) and albuminuria progression (P = 0.039) than the group without metabolic syndrome. When patients were divided into four groups according to the presence of metabolic syndrome and/ or albuminuria, the HR gradually increased. The group with both albuminuria and metabolic syndrome exhibited the highest cumulative incidence of worsening renal function (P = 0.003). When we redefined metabolic syndrome to exclude the blood pressure (BP) component, similar results were obtained. We concluded that the presence of metabolic syndrome independently predicts the progression of renal disease in elderly patients with T2DM. The use of both metabolic syndrome and albuminuria provides a better risk stratification model for DKD progression than albuminuria alone.

“…Several studies found that people over the age of 70, which is similar to our participants, had MS incidence of 42.6%-70%, which is high above the incidence of our participants. 15,16,17 In the study, which used three different definitions of (IDF, SZO i NCEP), učestalost MS kod muškaraca starosti od 50 do 59 godina bila je 38,9%, 35,5% i 29,7 18 i niža je nego u našoj studiji, ali u mlađoj i muškoj populaciji i pokazuje kolike razlike u učestalosti MS mogu da nastanu zbog primene različitih definicija MS. Ako posmatramo samo učestalost MS kod naših pacijenata muškog pola (35,8%), ona je u potpunoj saglasnosti sa ovom studijom, a zbog visoke starosti naših ispitanika ova učestalost je, mada još uvek visoka, sasvim prihvatljiva.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Naši ispitanici su imali nižu učestalost MS u odnosu na stariju populaciju Brazila (47,9%-5,3%) 10 , Republike Srpske (61,4%-64,9%) 13 i SAD (46,7%) 14 . U nekoliko istraživanja je utvrđeno da su lica starija od 70 godina imala MS od 42,6% do 70%, što je značajno više od naših nalaza i što odgovara starosti naših ispitanika 13,16,17 .…”

Section: Diskusijaunclassified

Frequency and importance of metabolic syndrome and its components in outpatients

Miljkovic¹,

Todorović²

2019

Opšta medicina

Uvod. Metabolički sindrom (MS) predstavlja grupu kardiovaskularnih faktora rizika koji uključuje hiperglikemiju, povišen krvni pritisak, povišene nivoe triglicerida, centralnu gojaznost i sniženi HDL holesterol. Rezultati populacionih studija pokazuju da je MS koristan u prognozi kardiovaskularnog morbiditeta i mortaliteta. Cilj rada. Ispitati učestalost i značaj metaboličkog sindroma i njegovih pojedinačnih komponenata u ambulantnih pacijenata. Metod. Studija je obuhvatila 178 (71,26±8,93) ambulantnih pacijenata odabranih metodom slučajnog uzorka, 67 (71,24±9,5) muškaraca i 111 (71,28±11,29) žena (p>0,05). Stanje uhranjenosti je ocenjeno na osnovu antropometrijskih parametara (telesna visina, telesna težina, obim struka). Kod svih ispitanika određivani su glikemija, HDL holesterol, trigliceridi i izmerene su vrednosti krvnog pritiska. Za postavljanje dijagnoze MS korišćeni su kriterijumi Američkog udruženja za srce (American Heart Association-AHA) i Nacionalnog instituta za srce, pluća i krv (National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute-NHLBI). Rezultati. Metabolički sindrom je dijagnostikovan kod 42,7% pacijenata, 31,6% muškaraca i 68,4% žena. Učestalost MS je bila veća kod žena (47,7%) u odnosu na muškarce (35,8%) (p>0,05); tri komponente MS imalo je 51,3%, četiri 42,1% i pet 6,6% ispitanika. Od pojedinačnih komponenata MS, najčešće je zastupljen povećan obim struka (92,1%). Sa koronarnom bolešću bilo je ukupno 10,5% pacijenata sa MS, a u grupi pacijenata bez MS 1,96% (p<0,01). U posmatranom periodu umrlo je 10,5% pacijenata sa MS i 0,98% bez MS (p<0,01). Zaključak. Učestalost metaboličkog sindroma u populaciji ambulantnih pacijenata je 42,7%, muškaraca 35,8% i žena 46,8%. Povećan obim struka je najčešća pojedinačna komponenta metaboličkog sindroma. Pacijenti sa metaboličkim sindromom imaju značajno veću učestalost koronarne