Prevalence of mental health and suicide risk in prisons in low- and middle-income countries: a rapid review

Hill, Kathryn; Wainwright, Verity; Stevenson, Caroline; Senior, Jane; Robinson, Catherine; Shaw, Jenny

doi:10.1080/14789949.2021.2016891

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Therefore, caution should be exercised in generalising study findings to developing countries with resource-poor correctional systems, where some of the identified risk factors (e.g., psychiatric disorders) are common (Baranyi et al, 2019). More global research is needed to examine prevalence and risk factor variation relating to cultural and institutional differences across prisons worldwide (Hill et al, 2022).…”

Section: Future Research Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and risk factors for suicide attempts in prison

Favril

Shaw

Fazel

2022

Clinical Psychology Review

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Section: Future Research Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and risk factors for suicide attempts in prison

Favril

Shaw

Fazel

2022

Clinical Psychology Review

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“…This has been reported globally, including studies from both high-income countries (HICs) (Kurdyak et al , 2022) and low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) (Reta et al , 2020). A rapid review on the prevalence of mental health showed that mental disorders among prisoners in LMICs were higher compared to HICs (Hill et al , 2022). In addition, a systematic review from LMICs reported a 16 times higher risk of mental disorders among prisoners compared to the general population (Baranyi et al , 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“Overcrowded but lonely”: exploring mental health and well-being among young prisoners in Cambodia

Pat

Edin

Jegannathan

et al. 2023

IJPH

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Purpose Young prisoners are one of the most vulnerable groups in society for mental health problems and ill-being. Therefore, there is a crucial need to understand their physical, psychological and social situations. This study aims to explore young Cambodian prisoners’ experiences and perceptions of mental health and well-being, their determinants and their coping strategies. Design/methodology/approach Six focus group discussions were carried out in three prisons with a total of 48 young prisoners between the ages of 15 and 24 years (50% women, 50% men). Semi-structured questions guided the discussions, and thematic analysis was applied to analyse the data. Findings Young prisoners reported multifaceted experiences of mental health and well-being. The majority described adverse mental health experiences, while some revealed better well-being, partly influenced by the socio-economic support from outside the prisons and previous involvement or not in drug abuse. The experience of physical overcrowding without emotional attachment among the fellow prisoners was perceived as the overarching determinant of loneliness and mental health problems, while socio-emotional support and rituals were described as the most important coping mechanisms. Originality/value This pioneering study from Cambodia gives young prisoners an opportunity to voice their experiences and perceptions of mental health and well-being in the prison setting. The findings in this study underline the importance of prison authorities tackling overcrowding to promote well-being and reduce mental health problems. Also, the coping mechanisms outlined by the participants should be considered when planning psychosocial interventions.

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“…Studies among survivors of the Haiti earthquake in 2010 have discovered increased prevalence of mental health issues along with increased alcohol consumption (Cénat et al, 2020). Other research shows that there may be higher substance use prevalence among those incarcerated in LMICs compared to HICs (Hill et al, 2022), but an association between substance use and incarceration in Haitian populations has not been studied. With mental distress and substance abuse as major problems in Haiti after the 2010 earthquake, more research is needed on measuring substance use and mental health in incarcerated populations in Haiti, and characterizing whether there is correlation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring Depression, and Its Association with Substance Use, during an Adherence Study of Patients Treated for Tuberculosis in Haitian Prisons

Ekwebelem,

Bury,

Prophete

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Purpose: Diagnosed depression is prevalent in prisons of affluent countries; literature on depression screening in prisons of low-resource nations is sparse. Haiti has experienced multiple recent disasters, which could have both somatic and mental health consequences. To surveil its prisons for depression, ethnoculturally appropriate scales could be helpful. Design/methodology/approach: We performed a cross-sectional analysis of symptoms of depression and its associations among participants in a 2019-2020 tuberculosis treatment adherence project across 6 Haitian prisons. To measure depression, we piloted the use of the Zanmi-Lasante Depression Symptom Inventory (ZLDSI) scale in a carceral setting. We calculated its Cronbach alpha in this setting and generated binary logistic models to study the associations of depression with basic demographic variables; use of cigarettes, marijuana, and alcohol; and incarceration history. We then performed a multivariate logistic regression to determine if substance use and education predicted depression, after adjusting for age. Findings: Fifty subjects were recruited; age ranged from 18 to 59 years. Adherence to TB medication was recorded as above 99% in all subjects. The Cronbach alpha score for the ZLDSI scale in this population was 0.77, signifying the good fit of the scale for this population. A ZLDSI score ≥13.0 has been associated with depression; 66% of participants had scores of 13.0 or greater, mean 13.9 (S.D. 8.2). Multivariate analysis showed significant associations between depression, alcohol consumption, age, and income. Originality/Conclusion: We believe this study represents the first measurement of depressive symptoms in a Haitian prison population; it found symptoms common.

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Prevalence of mental health and suicide risk in prisons in low- and middle-income countries: a rapid review

Cited by 8 publications

References 55 publications

Prevalence and risk factors for suicide attempts in prison

Prevalence and risk factors for suicide attempts in prison

“Overcrowded but lonely”: exploring mental health and well-being among young prisoners in Cambodia

Measuring Depression, and Its Association with Substance Use, during an Adherence Study of Patients Treated for Tuberculosis in Haitian Prisons

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