Prevalence of mental distress in the outpatient clinic of a specialized leprosy hospital. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2002

Leekassa, Ruth; Bizuneh, Elizabeth; Alem, Atalay

doi:10.47276/lr.75.4.367

Cited by 46 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…[ 7 17 ] Our study shows that the majority of the subjects were married, which is consistent with the earlier studies. [ 17 18 ] Dwivedi[ 7 ] in a study of medico-social problems of cured leprosy cases in a rural population of Raipur (Madhya Pradesh) showed that most of the patients (75%) resorted to beggary while in our study all the subjects (100%) were involved in beggary. Our study showed that 76.69% of the subjects were living in nuclear families.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

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Psychiatric Morbidity Among Inmates of Leprosy Homes

Jindal¹,

Singh

Mohan³

et al. 2013

Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine

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Context:Leprosy affected people are having high psychological distress and it in turn leads to psychiatric disorders. There is a paucity of literature from our country in this significant health problem.Aims:The aim of this study was to find the prevalence of psychiatric morbidity and its association with sociodemographic and clinical factors among the inmates of leprosy homes.Settings and Design:Study sample was obtained from individuals residing in two leprosy homes of malwa belt of Punjab.Materials and Methods:In screening stage, the study subjects were administered sociodemographic proforma and general health questionnaire (GHQ-12). In the confirmation stage, the study subjects were interviewed in detail and disability assessment was done using World Health Organization disability scale. Final psychiatric diagnosis was made as per ICD-10 criteria's.Statistical Analysis:Statistical analysis was performed using the descriptive statistics, Chi-square test, analysis of variance, and correlation analysis.Results:Majority of the subjects was in the age group 41-50 years, female, married, illiterate, Hindu and were from nuclear families. Nearly, 50.38% of subjects were having GHQ-12 score more than twelve. Nearly, 55.6% subjects were having psychiatric disorders out of which a large number of patients was diagnosed as having dysthymia. The other psychiatric disorders found in the study population were moderate depressive episode, generalized anxiety disorder, mixed anxiety and depressive disorder and schizophrenia unspecified. Psychiatric morbidity was found to be significantly related to age, family status, and duration of leprosy illness and presence of deformities among inmates.Conclusions:This study highlighted that psychiatric disorders were found in a large number among inmates of leprosy homes. Leprosy eradication program must place specific emphasis on psychiatric care of these patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

“…[ 7 ] We found that most of the patients (70.68%) were illiterate and 9.02% had obtained education up to primary level, which is consistent with the previous studies. [ 18 19 ]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychiatric Morbidity Among Inmates of Leprosy Homes

Jindal¹,

Singh

Mohan³

et al. 2013

Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine

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“…Mental distress and suicidal ideation were very high in all three sites, but sociodemographic risk factors were not consistent with those often reported in the literature. Mental distress was double the rate previously found in a population-based study in Zambia (14.1%) (Chipimo & Fylkesnes, 2009) or among working adults in Ethiopia (17.7%) (Gelaye et al, 2012), but lower than rates found in three subpopulations in Ethiopia: university students (40.9%) (Dachew, Azale Bisetegn, & Berhe Gebremariam, 2015), Leprosy outpatients (52.4%) (Leekassa, Bizuneh, & Alem, 2004) and caregivers of people with severe mental illness (56.7%) (Sintayehu, Mulat, Yohannis, Adera, & Fekade, 2015). Rates were similar to a sample of tuberculosis patients (32.9%) and higher than for hospital outpatients (17.1%) in South Africa (Peltzer, Naidoo, et al, 2012; Peltzer, Pengpid, & Skaal, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Food insecurity, mental distress and suicidal ideation in rural Africa: Evidence from Nigeria, Uganda and Ghana

Sweetland

Pala

Mootz

et al. 2018

Int J Soc Psychiatry

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Background: In sub-Saharan Africa, mental and substance-related disorders account for 19% of all years lived with disability, yet the intersection between poverty and mental distress is poorly understood since most psychiatric research is conducted in high-income countries. Aims: To examine the prevalence of and associations between food insecurity, mental distress and suicidal ideation in three rural village clusters in sub-Saharan Africa. Method: Cross-sectional multivariate analysis of sociodemographic variables associated with mental distress and suicidal ideation in three countries. The sample included 1,142 individuals from three rural village clusters in Nigeria (n = 380), Uganda (n = 380) and Ghana (n = 382). Food insecurity was measured based on the number of months in the previous year that the respondent’s family reported being ‘unable to eat two square meals per day’. Mental distress was assessed using the Kessler non-specific psychological distress scale (K6) and suicidal ideation was measured using an item from PRIME-MD. Other sociodemographic variables included gender, age, literacy and occupation. Results: The prevalence of individuals with moderate or severe mental distress in Nigeria, Uganda and Ghana were higher than previously reported in the literature: 35.5%, 30.8% and 30.4%, respectively, and suicidal ideation rates were 29.7%, 21.3% and 10.9%. No differences were observed in mental distress between men and women in any of the sites. Being a farmer (vs student or other) was protective for mental distress in two sites (Uganda and Ghana) but no other social indicators, such as age, gender, literacy and food insecurity, were significantly associated with mental distress. Risk for suicidal ideation differed across sites: it was associated with food insecurity in Nigeria, female gender in Uganda, and older age in Uganda. Conclusions: Mental distress and suicidal ideation were highly prevalent in three settings of extreme poverty across all groups, in ways that were not always consistent with the global literature. These findings suggest that more research is needed in to better understand the social etiology of mental distress in sub-Saharan Africa.

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“…In Ethiopia, another study [1] found psychiatric morbidity among people with leprosy to be 52.4% compared to 7.9% in those with other skin conditions. Thus, there is a 7-fold increase in the risk of mental distress in people with leprosy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Leprosy is a public health problem in many developing countries. Among the dermatological conditions, leprosy occupies a unique place in that it is not only disfiguring, but also associated with a high level of stigma [1]. The functional disability caused by leprosy is often less of a problem than the deformity, which disfigures and stigmatizes the patient.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%