Prevalence of meningococcal carriage in children and adolescents aged 10–19 years in Chile in 2013

Díaz, Janepsy; Cárcamo, Marcela; Seoane, Mabel; Pidal, Paola; Cavada, Gabriel; Puentes, Rodrigo; Terrazas, Solana; Araya, Pamela; Ibarz-Pavón, Ana Belén; Manriquez, Macarena; Hormázabal, Juan Carlos; Ayala, Salvador; Valenzuela, María Teresa

doi:10.1016/j.jiph.2015.12.011

Cited by 30 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…While these three universities differ in terms of size, university type (public or private), region of the country, epidemiologic situation, and MenB vaccination status, carriage in all three was characterized by a predominance of nongroupable meningococcal isolates and relatively low prevalence of capsular genotype B meningococcal carriage. Similar to these other two universities, and consistent with previous reports in the literature, meningococcal carriage at University A was associated with being male, smoking, attending parties, bars, or clubs, using antibiotic recently (inverse correlation), and having a recent upper respiratory tract infection [33–37]. …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Meningococcal carriage among a university student population – United States, 2015

Breakwell

Whaley

Khan

et al. 2018

Vaccine

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Objectives Several outbreaks of serogroup B meningococcal disease have occurred among university students in recent years. In the setting of high coverage of the quadrivalent meningococcal conjugate vaccine and prior to widespread use of serogroup B meningococcal vaccines among adolescents, we conducted surveys to characterize the prevalence and molecular characteristics of meningococcal carriage among university students. Methods Two cross-sectional oropharyngeal carriage surveys were conducted among undergraduates at a Rhode Island university. Isolates were characterized using slide agglutination, real-time polymerase chain reaction (rt-PCR), and whole genome sequencing. Adjusted prevalence ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated using Poisson regression to determine risk factors for carriage. Results A total of 1837 oropharyngeal specimens were obtained from 1478 unique participants. Overall carriage prevalence was 12.7–14.6% during the two survey rounds, with 1.8–2.6% for capsular genotype B, 0.9–1.0% for capsular genotypes C, W, or Y, and 9.9–10.8% for nongroupable strains by rt-PCR. Meningococcal carriage was associated with being male, smoking, party or club attendance, recent antibiotic use (inverse correlation), and recent respiratory infections. Conclusions In this university setting, the majority of meningococcal carriage was due to nongroupable strains, followed by serogroup B. Further evaluation is needed to understand the dynamics of serogroup B carriage and disease among university students.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Meningococcal carriage among a university student population – United States, 2015

Breakwell

Whaley

Khan

et al. 2018

Vaccine

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“…The overall prevalence for adolescents in Salvador was lower than the prevalence (9.9%) observed in a similar study performed in Campinas, Brazil, after introducing the MCC vaccine among children <2 years old [15]. Moreover, our results were similar to those of studies from other Latin American countries, such as Colombia (6.85%) [20] and Chile (6.5%) [21]. …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…Moreover, the fact that genogroup B was the most frequent groupable isolate found highlights the necessity for continuous MD surveillance to detect any changes in the incidence of meningococcal serogroup B invasive diseases in the future. In fact, serogroup B has been the second leading cause of disease in Brazil since 2007 [31, 32] and, until 2011, MenB was the leading cause of meningococcal disease in Chile [21, 33]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meningococcal Carriage among Adolescents after Mass Meningococcal C Conjugate Vaccination Campaigns in Salvador, Brazil

et al. 2016

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Neisseria meningitidis is a commensal bacterium of the human nasopharynx. In rare cases, it penetrates the mucosa, entering the blood stream and causing various forms of disease. Meningococcal conjugate vaccines can prevent invasive disease not only by direct effect in vaccinated individuals but also by herd protection, preventing acquisition of carriage, which interrupts transmission and leads to protection of unvaccinated persons. In 2010 in Salvador, Brazil, an outbreak of group C meningococcal disease led to a mass meningococcal serogroup C conjugate vaccination drive, targeting those <5 and 10–24 years of age. The present study aimed to estimate the prevalence of and identify factors associated with N. meningitidis carriage among adolescents from Salvador, Brazil, in the post-vaccination period. In spring 2014, we performed a cross-sectional study involving 1,200 public school students aged 11–19 years old. Oropharyngeal swabs were collected to identify N. meningitidis. Of the 59 colonized participants, 36 (61.0%) carried non-groupable N. meningitidis, while genogroup B (11.9%), Y (8.5%), E (6.8%), Z (5.1%), C (3.4%), and W (3.4%) were also detected. The overall prevalence of N. meningitidis carriage was 4.9% (95% confidence interval [CI], 3.6–6.1%); the prevalence of N. meningitidis genogroup C was 0.17% (95% CI, 0.0–0.40%). There was no difference by age. Factors associated with carriage were having only one, shared, bedroom in the household (PR, 2.02; 95% CI, 0.99–4.12, p = 0.05); the mother being the only smoker in the home (PR, 2.48; 95% CI, 1.16–5.29; p = 0.01); and going to pubs/parties more than 5 times/month (PR, 2.61; 95% CI, 1.38–4.92; p = 0.02). Our findings show that the N. meningitidis carriage rate in adolescents from Salvador, Bahia, is low and is potentially influenced by the low prevalence of N. meningitidis genogroup C. However, continued surveillance is important to identify changes in the dynamics of N. meningitidis, including the emergence of diseases due to a non-C serogroup.

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“…Currently the burden of meningococcal disease in Mexico is low, with total national cases as low as two per year [73,74]. The prevalence of N. meningitidis carriage in healthy children and adolescents aged 10–19 years in Chile was reported to be 6.5% [75], and slightly lower in university students ages 18–24 years (4%) [76]. The corresponding incidence of meningococcal disease in Chile was also low, varying from 0.33–0.59 per 100 000 in the six years up to 2012 [77].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Burden of Neisseria meningitidis infections in China: a systematic review and meta–analysis

Zhang

Dong

Guo

et al. 2016

Journal of Global Health

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BackgroundNeisseria meningitidis is a leading cause of bacterial meningitis and septicemia in children and young adults worldwide. The disease burden associated with N. meningitidis infections has not been systematically assessed in China. Therefore, we undertook this study to determine the burden of meningococcal disease in China.MethodWe performed a systematic review and meta–analysis of articles on N. meningitidis incidence, carriage, seroprevalence and mortality rates in China by searching the Chinese BioMedical Database (CBM), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang database and PubMed for publications from January 2005 to Aug 2015.ResultsIn total, 50 articles were included in our analysis. The overall incidence of meningococcal disease and associated mortality were estimated to be 1.84 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.91–3.37) per 100 000 persons per year and 0.33 (95% CI 0.12–0.86) per 100 000 persons per year, respectively. N. meningitidis carriage rate among the healthy population was estimated to be 2.7% (95% CI 2.0–3.5%). Prevalence of antibodies against N. meningitidis serogroup A and C were estimated to be 77.3% (95% CI 72.4%–81.6%) and 33.5% (95% CI 27.0%–40.8%), respectively. No studies were found for serogroup specific disease burden.ConclusionsThe overall incidence of meningococcal disease in China is low. The lower seroprevalence of serogroup C within the population suggests that it may pose a greater risk for meningococcal disease outbreak than serogroup A. The lack of data on serogroup disease burden by age groups suggests the implementation of laboratory based meningococcal surveillance systems are urgently needed in China.

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Prevalence of meningococcal carriage in children and adolescents aged 10–19 years in Chile in 2013

Cited by 30 publications

References 23 publications

Meningococcal carriage among a university student population – United States, 2015

Meningococcal carriage among a university student population – United States, 2015

Meningococcal Carriage among Adolescents after Mass Meningococcal C Conjugate Vaccination Campaigns in Salvador, Brazil

Burden of Neisseria meningitidis infections in China: a systematic review and meta–analysis

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