Prevalence of mastoid infection in prehistoric Arizona Indians

Titche, Leon L.; Coulthard, Stanley W.; Wachter, Richard D.; Thies, A. Cole; Harries, Lucy L.

doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330560306

Cited by 25 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 13 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Panos and Heimlich (1980) suggested homeopathic remedies including Hepar sulphuris, Magnesia phosphorica, Belladonna, Chamomilla, Dulcamara and other herbals for treatment of earaches. Herbal antibiotics (garlic, goldenseal, myrrh), antiphlegmatics (cayenne, chamomile, slippery elm, garlic), and otic solutions such as "B and B" (an alcohol-based tincture from skullcap, lobelia, blue cohosh, black cohosh, and blue vervaine), oil of garlic, and oil of mullein have been suggested as being effective homeopathic remedies for OM (Hutchins, 1979;Heinerman, 1984) but no well-controlled studies of their effectiveness have been published.Findings in paleopathology to date have also presented conflicting evidence on cranial variability and the prevalence of OM (Gregg et al, 1965;Schulter-Ellis, 1979;Titche et al, 1981; Gregg and Steele, 1982). Continuing studies in this area may prove useful.…”

mentioning

confidence: 94%

Otitis media: A problem for the physical anthropologist

Daniel

Schmidt

Fulghum

et al. 1988

Am. J. Phys. Anthropol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Otitis media, common in children, can result in middle ear structure alteration and hearing loss, and, hence, in language development deficiency. Physical anthropologists are qualified to do innovative research into the causes of this costly disease, which have not yet been delineated. The prevalence of otitis media appears related to age, sex, ethnicity, and environment. Investigation is warranted in areas such as the measurement of variability in eustachian tube, middle ear cleft, and mastoid process anatomy and physiology; the epidemiology and genetic mechanism of otitis media; and the microbiology and immunology as well as pathological studies of cranial variation as it relates to otitis media.Otitis media (OM), one of the most common diseases of childhood, is the problem most frequently seen by pediatricians in the US. Nearly 10% of all pediatric patients are those with OM, and if pediatricians dealt with children during their first year of life only, the estimate would be as high as 50% (Van Cauwenberge, 1985). Acute OM, the presence of fluid in the middle ear, may be accompanied by signs and symptoms including pain, hearing loss, irritability, fever, and malaise. The infection duration can vary from days to months and may result in alteration of middle ear structures, hearing loss, language development deficiency, and increased susceptibility to recurrence. Without the use of antibiotics, the sequelae of chronic OM often include labyrinthitis, meningitis, mastoiditis, tympanic membrane rupture, and cholesteatoma. The younger the age at which OM first occurs, the greater the risk of recurrences (Paradise, 1980). The condition may persist for weeks or months, even after the clinical signs of acute otitis media have already resolved (Shurin et al., 1979).Hearing loss, following from the presence of fluid and/or negative pressure in the middle ear, is a serious complication of OM, and many infected children spend prolonged periods during their first years of life with impaired or fluctuating conductive hearing losses. Chronic OM may also cause a sensorineural hearing lossoften irreversible (Bess, 1983). Katz (1978) even suggested (but never demonstrated) that the central deprivation caused by the peripheral conductive and/or sensorineural loss produces a form of auditory deprivation that can lead to anatomical and physiological changes in the brainstem and higher cortical areas.Of special concern are children who have OM from birth (Pestalozza, 1984) to age 3 years, a particularly common time of occurrence, as this period is critical for language acquisition (Lenneberg, 1967). Children with histories of OM during the first 3 years of life frequently have disturbances in auditory processing, an inconsistent auditory signal making the stream of speech difficult to segment. This difficulty creates confusion in the child's attempts to abstract word meanings and grammatical regularities (Berko-Gleason, 1983). Furthermore, the child's irritability, malaise, 0 1988 Alan R. Liss, Inc. [Vol. 31, 1988 and dec...

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 94%

Otitis media: A problem for the physical anthropologist

Daniel

Schmidt

Fulghum

et al. 1988

Am. J. Phys. Anthropol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The correlation between increased incidence of otitis media and reductions in temporal bone pneumatization in humans is the focus of extensive clinical research, as scientists are interested in reducing the incidence and risks of this condition (Hug and Pfaltz, 1981;Hug, 1986;Turgut and Tos, 1992;Bluestone and Klein, 1996;Bayramoglu et al, 1997;Sato et al, 1997;Homoe, 1999). Because the two phenomena are correlated, a reduction in pneumatization has been used to infer the presence of otitis media in paleopathological samples (e.g., Titche et al, 1981;Gregg and Steele, 1982;Homoe et al, 1995;Homoe et al, 1996;Flohr et al, 2009). In these studies, limited pneumatization represented by sclerotic bone (e.g., dense bone without large air cells) is taken as an indication of the existence of otitis media within the population.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ontogenetic Change in Temporal Bone Pneumatization in Humans

Hill

2011

The Anatomical Record

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Pneumatization of the temporal bone is often included in descriptions of fossils and as a phylogenetic marker, but a number of questions about the evolution, growth, and development of the trait remain. Many studies have analyzed temporal bone pneumatization from a clinical perspective, but a systematic quantification of normal development of pneumatized spaces has not been conducted. In this study, ontogenetic change in the size and organization of temporal bone pneumatization is analyzed in a cross-sectional sample of humans. High resolution computed tomography scans of the temporal bone were acquired from a cross-sectional sample of humans (N ¼ 28). Bone volume fractions, anisotropy, trabecular number, trabecular thickness, surface area, and volume were analyzed to provide information about the organization and size of pneumatized spaces across ontogeny. The results indicate that there are general and region-specific patterns of ontogenetic changes in the organization of pneumatized spaces. These changes reflect the transition from nonpneumatized bone to pneumatized bone. It also demonstrates that those regions that are pneumatized early in ontogeny (such as the mastoid antrum) continue to remodel after the initial period of pneumatization. The dynamic nature of temporal bone pneumatization over ontogeny suggests that this character requires careful consideration when used as a character for phylogenetic analyses. These results demonstrate the importance of comparing individuals from similar developmental stages, especially when completing quantitative analyses of the extent of pneumatization or organization of the spaces. Anat Rec, 294:1103Rec, 294: -1115Rec, 294: , 2011. V V C 2011 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

show abstract

“…The majority of investigations are based on radiological examination of the mastoid region (e.g. Gregg et al, 1965;Rathbun & Mallin, 1977;Titche et al, 1981;Homøe et al, 1995Homøe et al, , 1996. However, slight changes are difficult to identify by X-ray examination (Minnigerode, 1970).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Osseous changes due to mastoiditis in human skeletal remains

Flohr

Schultz

2008

Intl J of Osteoarchaeology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Mastoiditis is a disease that follows otitis media and may lead to severe endocranial complications. Most studies on mastoiditis and middle ear diseases in archaeological skeletal remains are based on radiological investigations. The following study describes the morphological changes in the pneumatised cells of the mastoid process due to mastoiditis in archaeological skeletal remains, based on macroscopic, endoscopic, light and scanningelectron microscopic investigations. For the purposes of this study, we used an early medieval Frankish population from Dirmstein, State of Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.

show abstract

Prevalence of mastoid infection in prehistoric Arizona Indians

Cited by 25 publications

References 13 publications

Otitis media: A problem for the physical anthropologist

Otitis media: A problem for the physical anthropologist

Ontogenetic Change in Temporal Bone Pneumatization in Humans

Osseous changes due to mastoiditis in human skeletal remains

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About