Prevalence of marine litter along the Indian beaches : A preliminary account on its status and composition

Kaladharan, P; Vijayakumaran, K; Singh, Veerendra Veer; Prema, D; Asha, P S; Sulochanan, Bindu; Hemasankari, P; Edward, Loveson; Padua, Shelton; Veena, S; Anasukoya, A.; Bhint, H M

doi:10.6024/jmbai.2017.59.1.1953-03

Cited by 36 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 9 publications

(9 reference statements)

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“…These studies also highlight the importance of density and distribution maps (Deidun et al, 2018); data that is not normally obtained from current OSPAR monitoring. UAV-based methods could also become interesting for highly polluted sites like Indonesia (Purba et al, 2019), India (Kaladharan et al, 2017) or the Mediterranean coasts (Vlachogianni, 2019) to give a fast overview of litter abundance and distribution to design fast removal and mitigation strategies.…”

Section: Application Of Aerial Drones As Official Beach Monitoring Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficiency of Aerial Drones for Macrolitter Monitoring on Baltic Sea Beaches

Escobar-Sánchez

Haseler

Oppelt

et al. 2021

Front. Environ. Sci.

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Marine litter is a global problem that requires soon management and design of mitigation strategies. Marine litter monitoring is an essential step to assess the abundances, distributions, sinks and hotspots of pollution as well as the effectiveness of mitigation measures. However, these need to be time and cost-efficient, fit for purpose and context, as well as provide a standardized methodology suitable for comparison among surveys. In Europe, the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) provides a structure for the effective implementation of long-term monitoring. For beaches, the well-established 100 m OSPAR macrolitter monitoring exists. However, this method requires a high staff effort and suffers from a high spatio-temporal variability of the results. In this study, we test the potential of aerial drones or Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) together with a Geographic Information System approach for semi-automatic classification of meso- (1–25 mm) and macrolitter (>25 mm) at four beaches of the southern Baltic Sea. Visual screening of drone images in recovery experiments (50 m2 areas) at 10 m height revealed an accuracy of 99%. The total accuracy of classification using object-based classification was 45–90% for the classification with four classes and 50–66% for the classification with six classes, depending on the algorithm and flight height used. On 100 m beach monitoring transects the accuracy was between 39–74% (4 classes) and 25–74% (6 classes), with very low kappa values, indicating that the GIS classification method cannot be regarded as a reliable method for the detection of litter in the Southern Baltic. In terms of cost-efficiency, the drone method showed high reproducibility and moderate accuracy, with much lower flexibility and quality of data than a comparable spatial-OSPAR method. Consequently, our results suggest that drone based monitoring cannot be recommended as a replacement or complement existing methods in southern Baltic beaches. However, drone monitoring could be useful at other sites and other methods for image analysis should be tested to explore this tool for fast-screening of non-accessible sites, fragile ecosystems, floating litter or heavily polluted beaches.

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Section: Application Of Aerial Drones As Official Beach Monitoring Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficiency of Aerial Drones for Macrolitter Monitoring on Baltic Sea Beaches

Escobar-Sánchez

Haseler

Oppelt

et al. 2021

Front. Environ. Sci.

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“…Most plastic entering the NIO is likely to end up on the coastline within a few years, and some cross into the southern hemisphere of the IO (Van Der Mheen et al, 2020). However, plastic litter abundance on the Indian coast (Kaladharan et al, 2017;Goswami et al, 2020) is lower than in other areas (e.g., Vianello et al, 2013;Maes et al, 2017). Therefore, there is a considerable disparity between the estimated plastic waste entering the NIO and the amount recorded.…”

Section: Potential Accumulation Zones In the Indian Seasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Plastic Accumulation Zones in the Indian Coastal Seas

et al. 2021

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“…Contents available at Journals Home Page: www.ijzi.net environment is referred to as marine debris (NOAA, 2010;Brander et al, 2011;Kripa et al, 2016;Kaladharan et al, 2017).…”

Section: International Journal Of Zoological Investigationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Increasing urbanization of coastal settlements as well as tourism development has resulted in unprecedented production of anthropogenic waste (Kaladharan et al, 2017). Allsopp et al (2009) reported that approximately 80% of debris originates onshore and 20% from offshore sources (Moora and Piirsalu, 2016;Pawar et al, 2016).…”

Section: International Journal Of Zoological Investigationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Marine Debris and Plastic Polymer Types Along the Panvel Creek, Navi Mumbai, West Coast of India

S¹,

P²,

R³

2021

IJZI

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Marine debris was collected monthly from substations along Panvel creek from May 2020 to April 2021 and was analyzed for types of non-plastic debris and plastic debris. Plastic debris was assessed for % composition of a type of plastic, plastic polymer and further categorized according to plastic code, acronym, full name and common examples. Non-plastic debris of 8 types representing 38 items were recorded. Consumer and manufactured items like glass and plastic bottles, cans, bags, rubber, metal, fiberglass, cigarettes, fishing gears etc. were observed. 8 types of polymers representing 65 items were recorded along Panvel creek. Plastic polymers like Polyethylene terephthalate (PETE/PET), High density polyethylene (HDPE), Polyvinyl chloride (PVC), Low density polyethylene (LDPE), Polypropylene (PE), Polystyrene (PS), Polyamide/Nylon, Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) and Polyurethane (PU) were recorded. 13 items belongs to Plastic code 2:HDPE, 12 to 3:PVC, 11 to 5:PP, 9 to 6:PS, 8 to 4:LDPE, 6 to 1:PETE/PET and 3 each to 7:PA and Other and 8:PU, respectively, were documented. Maximum % composition (20.00%) of HDPE, and minimum (4.61%) of PA and Other and PU, respectively was recorded. Higher content of debris recorded is attributed to the disposal of domestic wastes intentionally or unintentionally into the creek and also for disposal of scrap materials from the fishing crafts. Higher HDPE content is attributed to the wastes released from the fishing vessels and also to the domestic and municipal wastes. At present the Panvel creek is moderately polluted and 3R i.e. reduce, reuse and recycling is the current solution to the overuse of plastics.

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Prevalence of marine litter along the Indian beaches : A preliminary account on its status and composition

Cited by 36 publications

References 9 publications

Efficiency of Aerial Drones for Macrolitter Monitoring on Baltic Sea Beaches

Efficiency of Aerial Drones for Macrolitter Monitoring on Baltic Sea Beaches

Potential Plastic Accumulation Zones in the Indian Coastal Seas

Assessment of Marine Debris and Plastic Polymer Types Along the Panvel Creek, Navi Mumbai, West Coast of India

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