Prevalence of malnutrition and obesity among cystic fibrosis patients

Abstract

Background: Optimal nutritional status (NS) in cystic fibrosis (CF) is associated with better lung function and increased overall survival. This study estimated the prevalence of malnutrition and obesity among CF patients in a tertiary center. Conclusions: Despite appropriate management only one-third of the present patients had optimal NS. One-fourth were malnourished and a significant percentage were overweight/obese. The latter were mostly carriers of mutations other than F508del and had better pulmonary function. CF patients require intensive monitoring for both malnutrition and overweight/obesity. Methods

Essential Fatty Acid Deficiency in Cystic Fibrosis

“…The patients with overweight or obesity were more likely to be older, pancreatic sufficient, have better pulmonary function, milder genotype and are less likely to be colonized. Similar results were presented from Greece, where despite increase of overweight or obesity, 22% of patients still showed malnutrition [83].…”

Factors associated with malnutrition in adolescent and adult patients with cystic fibrosis

“…The S-K score was not used in three previous studies of the nutritional status in CF patients. (21)(22)(23) In contrast, there was no significant association between malnutrition and the S-K score in the study by Ziegler et al (24) Longitudinal studies have demonstrated that malnutrition can be expected to increase with aging. (31,32) However, it is interesting that our results showed that young age was a predictor of malnutrition only in the multivariable analysis.…”

“…However, that study involved 37 children and adolescents. (21) In contrast, a study carried out in an adult tertiary CF center in France with 163 patients showed that 49.7% of the patients suffered from malnutrition. (22) That study also used the same methodology and the same cut-off points for classifying malnutrition.…”

“…(7,14,19,20) The proportion of CF patients with malnutrition in the present study (24.7%) is similar to findings reported in other studies. (21)(22)(23)(24) A cross-sectional study conducted in Greece (21) and using the same methodology and the same cut-off points in order to classify nutritional status showed that 23% of 68 patients with CF were malnourished. However, that study involved 37 children and adolescents.…”

Nutritional advances in patients with respiratory diseases

“…HAN et al [6] reported that adiposity indicators were associated with asthma in children with exhaled nitric oxide fraction (FeNO) as a biomarker of eosinophilic airway inflammation and that among children with asthma, adiposity was associated with worse asthma severity or control in those with high FeNO. In 2014, several studies also reported an increased prevalence of overweight and obesity in patients with CF even in those with pancreatic insufficiency [7][8][9][10]. Generally, however, overweight CF patients had milder genotypes and better lung function.…”