Prevalence of Malaria among Neonates Presenting with Fever in Port Harcourt, Nigeria

Opara, PI

doi:10.24966/ncp-878x/100017

Cited by 4 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…To an extent, age affected the prevalence rate in both urban and peri-urban settlements with the highest prevalence observed in children between the ages of 4-6 years although the difference is not much from that of 1-3 and 7-12 years. The finding agreed with work done by some researchers in Rivers state, and other parts of the countries [16,17,10]. The study also agreed with the previous report which stated that age has no significant influence on the incidence of malaria [18].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum Malaria among Children Residing in Urban and Peri-urban Settlements in Rivers State

Onosakponome

Nyenke²,

Abah³

et al. 2022

JAMB

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Urban and peri-urban areas are considered to be at lower risk of malaria compared to rural areas because of improved housing, higher socioeconomic status, improved environmental sanitation, and a limited number of breeding sites for mosquitoes. Reports have shown that there is an increased prevalence of malaria in urban and peri-urban areas but it has not been established which of these areas is at risk. The aim of this study, therefore, is to determine the prevalence rate of Plasmodium falciparum malaria infection among children in urban and peri-urban areas of Rivers State. A total of 601 and 500 blood samples were collected from urban and peri-urban areas respectively and examined using standard microscopy technique for detection of malaria parasites in blood samples. From the urban area, 282 tested positive out of 601 blood samples that were examined, giving the prevalence rate of 47% while in the peri-urban settlement, a total of 210 out of 500 tested positive to Plasmodium falciparum giving the prevalence rate of 42%. When the age was considered, the highest prevalence was recorded in children between 1-3 years and 7-12 years in urban settlement while in peri-urban, the highest prevalence was recorded in children between the age of 4-6 years with a prevalence of 45% and 46% respectively. Although the prevalence rates are relatively high. There is no significant difference between the prevalence rate in urban areas and that of peri-urban areas. Conclusively, intensive efforts should be made in controlling malaria parasites not only in rural areas but also in urban and peri-urban areas in Rivers State.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum Malaria among Children Residing in Urban and Peri-urban Settlements in Rivers State

Onosakponome

Nyenke²,

Abah³

et al. 2022

JAMB

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“…The only malaria specie documented in this study was P. falciparum . This is similar to findings by most researchers in Nigeria and Africa,17 20 33–36 however, other species ( Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium ovale ) have been reported in India, Indonesia and Italy 37–41. This may be due to difference in geographic location as P. falciparum is the most common species in Nigeria 42.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Congenital malaria has consistently accounted for the majority of cases of neonatal malaria with percentages ranging from 61% to 84%8 34 36 43 and two studies documented 75% as seen in this study 33 45. In studies with all three forms of neonatal malaria, acquired and transfusional malaria seem to occur with similar frequencies (12.8% and 11.5%) in this study which is similar to (13% and 13%) documented by Ibhanesebhor45 in Benin City.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…20 23 Hyacinth et al 8 documented a prevalence of 58.5% while Opara and West reported 43.7%. 34 However, studies that excluded preterm neonates reported lower prevalence (38.9%) 33 despite being conducted in similar settings on sick newborns with retrospective methods reporting even lower rates (24.8% and 8.25%). 20 44 This disparity may not be surprising as preterms constituted a significant part of the burden of malaria in our study and maternal malaria is a known cause of preterm delivery.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is similar to findings from prospective studies of sick newborns in neonatal unit that included both term and preterm babies 20 23. Hyacinth et al 8 documented a prevalence of 58.5% while Opara and West reported 43.7% 34. However, studies that excluded preterm neonates reported lower prevalence (38.9%)33 despite being conducted in similar settings on sick newborns with retrospective methods reporting even lower rates (24.8% and 8.25%) 20 44.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diagnostic value of rapid test for malaria among febrile neonates in a tertiary hospital in North-East Nigeria: a prospective cross-sectional study

Adeniji,

Jalo,

Okonkwo

et al. 2023

Arch Dis Child

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ObjectiveThe WHO recommends testing using microscopy or rapid diagnostic test (RDT) before treatment for malaria. However, the use of RDT to diagnose neonatal malaria has not been widely validated with most studies limited to the first week of life. Thus, we conducted this study to determine the utility of RDT in the diagnosis of congenital and acquired malaria in febrile neonates in Nigeria.DesignThis prospective cross-sectional descriptive study consecutively recruited 131 febrile neonates at the Special Care Baby Unit (SCBU) of the Federal Teaching Hospital Gombe, Nigeria. All study participants concurrently had RDT (HRP2, LDH) and malaria microscopy. The performance of both methods was then compared.ResultSeventy-eight of 131 neonates tested for malaria by blood smear microscopy demonstrated malaria parasites; a prevalence of 59.5%. Parasite count ranged from 16 to 520 /μL and the median parasite count was 81.0 /μL with IQR (40.0–134.5). The majority of patients (93.5%) had low-density parasitaemia (≤2+). All species identified werePlasmodium falciparum. None of the 131 neonates tested positive on RDT. The sensitivity and positive predictive value of RDT for neonatal malaria was zero. Congenital malaria was the most common form of neonatal malaria, accounting for 75.6%, while acquired and transfusion-related malaria were estimated at 12.8% and 11.6%, respectively.ConclusionThe RDT used in this study was not sensitive in the diagnosis of congenital or acquired neonatal malaria; therefore, microscopy remains the preferred method of diagnosis of neonatal malaria.

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Prevalence of Malaria among Under-5 Children in a Secondary Care Level, Ondo State, Nigeria

Oluwafemi,

Afolabi,

Oniya

2024

CLINICMED

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Background: Malaria continues to be a leading cause of ill health among children. Globally, this infection remains the major cause of morbidity and mortality especially among the under-five. Aim: The aim of the study was to investigate and document the prevalence of malaria infection among age groups, genders, birth orders, and blood groups of children who attend a secondary health care level, south-west, Nigeria. Subjects and Methods: Blood samples of 500 children whose ages ranged between 1 day and 5 years were collected through venipuncture, and these were tested for malaria parasites through the microscopy method, positivity was confirmed by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) test. It was a hospital-based cross-sectional study. The children were recruited from various points of entry into the hospital which included the emergency room, newborn unit, and outpatient department (OPD). Data analyses were done using the SPSS statistical software and p-value < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: The prevalence of malaria among the neonates (age group 0 to 28 days) was 60.2%, the prevalence of malaria was 49.2% among the infants (aged 29 days to 1 year) while the prevalence was 52.9% among children aged 1 to 5 years (χ2 = 0.004, p < 0.05). The gender prevalence of malaria infection was 30.4% for males and 21.8% for females (χ2 =0.000, p<0.05). The prevalence of malaria infection among birth orders showed that children in the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth birth orders are 41.0%, 28.0%, 22.6%, 5.4%, and 3.1%, respectively (χ2 = 0.0210, p < 0.05). Prevalence of malaria among the blood groups are; A− (1.92%), A+ (13.41%), B− (1.15%), B+ (19.54%), O− (6.51%), O+ (51.73%), AB− (0.38%) and AB+ (5.36%). Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of malaria among the children examined in this study, there is therefore the need to intensify efforts to reduce the burden of the infection in the study area, especially among the children.

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Prevalence of Malaria among Neonates Presenting with Fever in Port Harcourt, Nigeria

Cited by 4 publications

References 13 publications

Prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum Malaria among Children Residing in Urban and Peri-urban Settlements in Rivers State

Prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum Malaria among Children Residing in Urban and Peri-urban Settlements in Rivers State

Diagnostic value of rapid test for malaria among febrile neonates in a tertiary hospital in North-East Nigeria: a prospective cross-sectional study

Prevalence of Malaria among Under-5 Children in a Secondary Care Level, Ondo State, Nigeria

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