Prevalence of Low Testosterone According to Health Behavior in Older Adults Men

Abstract

Testosterone is a representative sex hormone for men, and low testosterone causes erectile dysfunction and cardiovascular disease. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between low testosterone (LTT) and health behaviors, such as alcohol, smoking, and exercise habits. We included 2980 men aged 65 to 80. Total serum testosterone and body composition were measured. A testosterone level less than 300 ng/dL was defined as low testosterone. A questionnaire on smoking, alcohol, and exercise was included. The odds ratio (OR) of LTT was calculated through logistic regression. Model 1 only used age as the adjustment variable, whereas Model 2 adjusted for age, waist circumference, and smoking. The prevalence of LTT was 626 (21.0%). The prevalence of LTT was significant in fat mass (Model 1: OR, 2.133) and muscle mass (Model 1: medium OR, 2.130 and low OR, 3.022; Model 2: medium OR, 1.638 and low OR, 1.740). The prevalence of LTT was also different based on smoking (Model 1: OR, 1.590; Model 2: OR, 1.629) and strength exercise (Model 1: OR, 0.849; Model 2: OR, 0.923). In conclusion, high frequency strength exercise and smoking cessation lower the prevalence of low testosterone, and obesity and low muscle mass increase the prevalence of low testosterone.

Effect of Transcranial Pulsed Current Stimulation on Fatigue Delay after Medium-Intensity Training

“…He found that testosterone increased immediately after medium-intensity training but began to decrease when the exercise time was more than 2 h [ 34 ]. A possible reason for this is that short-term inexhaustible exercise can promote the secretion of testosterone [ 35 ]. Slivka et al [ 36 ] found that testosterone concentrations decreased continuously among athletes during 21 days of mountain bike cross-country training.…”

Effects of Exercise on Testosterone and Implications of Drug Abuse: A Review

“…More research is needed in respect to nicotine's effect on testosterone because it has been found that those who smoke more have increased risks of low testosterone levels. 18 The results from Table 3 demonstrate that all these drugs of abuse may alter testosterone levels, even if they do not always necessarily lower them. [67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74] Further exploring the drugs of abuse that have an effect on lowering testosterone levels is essential to exploring the proposed hypothesis.…”

“…One study examining both aerobic exercise and anaerobic exercise found that both had an intensity-dependent increase in testosterone levels, thus decreasing the risk these males had of developing low testosterone levels as they age. 18 Aging also has a direct effect on testosterone levels in females. 19 As females age and undergo menopause, their testosterone levels decline drastically to 15% their premenopausal levels.…”

“…Exercise fights low testosterone levels in aging males. One study examining both aerobic exercise and anaerobic exercise found that both had an intensity-dependent increase in testosterone levels, thus decreasing the risk these males had of developing low testosterone levels as they age 18 . Aging also has a direct effect on testosterone levels in females 19 .…”

Poor glycemic control could be the main factor impacting testosterone levels in diabetic males

“…Looking at the degree of glycemic control, we noticed that serum testosterone levels were majorly impacted by and negatively correlated to poor glycemic control, which is defined as HbA1c ≥7%. [9] Furthermore, this negative correlation explains why it was found that, even though, diabetic patients generally have lower serum testosterone levels than the general population, those with tight glycemic control (HbA1c of 6.5-6.9%) had serum testosterone levels closer to the general population in spite of having DM (Figure 2).…”