Prevalence of Lens Opacities in Asian Malays

Tan, Ava Grace; Tay, Wan Ting; Sandar, Mya; Aung, Tin; Saw, Seang‐Mei; Wang, Jie Jin; Wong, Tien Yin

doi:10.3109/09286586.2012.733479

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Thus, RD may also be associated with UV exposure. RD often accompanies NUC [31, 32], suggesting that these disease types share common risk factors.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between ultraviolet radiation exposure dose and cataract in Han people living in China and Taiwan: A cross-sectional study

et al. 2019

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Purpose We investigated associations between ocular ultraviolet (UV) radiation exposure dose and cataract opacities among Han people living in China and Taiwan, to assess the effects of UV exposure intensity. Methods This cross-sectional study included Han people aged ≥40 years (1,801 individuals, 450 in Sanya, 636 in Taiyuan, and 715 in Taichung) as subjects who completed a questionnaire including items about diabetes, smoking, steroid use, work history, and time spent outdoors, and underwent an ophthalmic examination. Right eye axial length was measured using A-mode ultrasonography or IOLMaster. Slit-lamp imaging under maximum mydriasis was used to classify cataracts into three major types [cortical (COR), nuclear (NUC), and posterior subcapsular cataracts (PSC)] and two subtypes [retrodots (RD) and waterclefts (WC)] by one ophthalmologist. COR was divided into opacity presence (CEN+) or absence (CEN-) in the central 3-mm diameter area of the pupil. COR was also subdivided into three groups according to opacity shape: axle-shaped opacity concomitant with WC, wedge-shaped opacity around the pupil to the eye center, and ring-shaped opacity in the lens equator along the pupillary margin. The cumulative ocular UV exposure (COUV) was calculated. A logistic regression analysis was used for multivariate analysis. Results Cataract odds ratios in high COUV eyes were 5.35 for NUC, 1.87 for PSC, and 1.35 for RD. In eyes with WC, risk of COR ring-shaped opacity significantly increased but that of wedge-shaped opacity (CEN+) significantly decreased. In eyes without WC, risk of COR axle-shaped opacity (CEN–) and ring-shaped opacity significantly increased but that of wedge-shaped opacity (CEN+) significantly decreased. Conclusions Increased COUV level among Han people may be a risk factor for the development of nuclear cataracts, PSC, retrodots and ring-shaped cortical cataract. Risk of ocular UV exposure for cortical cataract may differ by opacity shape.

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“…Thus, RD may also be associated with UV exposure. RD often accompanies NUC [31, 32], suggesting that these disease types share common risk factors.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between ultraviolet radiation exposure dose and cataract in Han people living in China and Taiwan: A cross-sectional study

et al. 2019

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“…The high prevalence of cataracts in over 50 year olds has made cataract surgery the most common surgery in the world [1][2][3][4]. With recent advances in its surgical techniques, cataract surgery is also considered a refractive surgery.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The location of incision in cataract surgery and its impact on induced astigmatism

Hashemi

Khabazkhoob

Soroush

et al. 2016

Current Opinion in Ophthalmology

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“…However, the availability of cataract surgery andintraoculardrugsisnotsufficientindevelopingcountries, and WHO has reported cataracts as the main cause of low vision in the many developing countries. 1) Based on this background, the design and improvement of anti-cataract eye drops is very important.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

An Ophthalmic Formulation of Disulfiram Nanoparticles Prolongs Drug Residence Time in Lens

Nagai

Mano

Ito

2016

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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Disulfiram (DSF) is a dimer of diethyldithiocarbamate (DDC) that we previously added to a solution of 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (DSF solution). We found that the instillation of this DSF solution delayed lens opacification in a hereditary cataractous ICR/f rat. In this study, we attempted to design an ophthalmic formulation containing DSF nanoparticles for use as a lens targeted drug delivery system (nano-DSF suspension), and investigated the changes in drug content in the lens after the instillation of DSF solution or nano-DSF suspension. The nano-DSF suspension was prepared by a bead mill method to yield a mean particle size of nano-DSF of 181 nm. Following the instillation of 1.4% DSF solution or the nano-DSF suspension, DDC was detected only in the aqueous humor and lens; in both, the area under the curve (AUC) and mean residence time (MRT) for the nano-DSF suspension were higher than for the DSF solution. In addition, we found that the DDC residence time in the cortex and nucleus of the lens was higher than in the capsule-epithelium. Although DDC was not detected in the cortex and nucleus of lenses following the instillation of the 1.4% DSF solution, the instillation of a 1.4% nano-DSF suspension led to the accumulation of DDC in both areas. In conclusion, it is possible that the instillation of a nano-DSF suspension can supply more DDC into the aqueous humor and lens than a conventional formulation, and these findings provide information significant for the prevention of cataracts and the design of a lens targeted drug delivery system. Key words nanoparticle;lens;disulfiram;drugdeliverysystem;cataractCataracts are the leading cause of treatable blindness worldwide, and cataract surgery and intraocular drugs have been used as therapy. However, the availability of cataract surgery andintraoculardrugsisnotsufficientindevelopingcountries, and WHO has reported cataracts as the main cause of low vision in the many developing countries.1) Based on this background, the design and improvement of anti-cataract eye drops is very important.Eye drops comprise the major ophthalmic preparation, and their use is both convenient and safe. However, a high level of transcorneal penetration following the instillation of eye drops is necessary for drug delivery into the lens. Furthermore, the concentration of drugs administered as eye drops is dilutedtoapproximately20%bylacrimalfluids.2) In addition, the drops are lost from the tear film within 0.5-2min, with eye drop components excreted through the nasolacrimal duct into the mouth, 2) with a small amount remaining associated with the conjunctival tissue.2) Therefore, with traditional eye drops, only small amounts of the administered drug actually penetrate the cornea to reach the desired lens tissue due to corneal barriers and dilution caused by lacrimal fluids. 3-5)In an attempt to overcome these problems, several strategies have been devised using microparticles, viscous solutions and hydrogels. 3,[6][7][8][9][10] Recently, it has been reported that drug penetration ac...

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Prevalence of Lens Opacities in Asian Malays

Abstract: Lens opacities were common in this urban Malay population. Retrodots and vacuoles were found to be associated with age-related cataract.

Cited by 10 publications

References 33 publications

Association between ultraviolet radiation exposure dose and cataract in Han people living in China and Taiwan: A cross-sectional study

Association between ultraviolet radiation exposure dose and cataract in Han people living in China and Taiwan: A cross-sectional study

The location of incision in cataract surgery and its impact on induced astigmatism

An Ophthalmic Formulation of Disulfiram Nanoparticles Prolongs Drug Residence Time in Lens

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