Prevalence of Intimate Partner Violence in LGBTQ Individuals: An Intersectional Approach

Etaugh, Claire

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-44762-5_2

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 121 publications

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“…Further, although the current analyses considered certain control variables (biological sex, history of cycling, and cohabitation), research has shown that other characteristics are important to include. For example, sexual and gender minorities report higher rates of IPV as well as more severe abuse as compared to cisgender heterosexual individuals (Etaugh, 2020; James et al, 2015). Directionality of violence also varies by race (Langhinrichsen-Rholing et al, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Psychological and Physical Aggression In Relationship Reconciliation

Dailey

Hazlett

Brass-Rosenfield

2022

J Interpers Violence

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Previous research has established a link between aggression and relationship cycling (i.e., multiple breakups and renewals with the same romantic partner). Couples who have experienced breakups and renewals are up to twice as likely to have experienced psychological and physical aggression in their relationships. Partners who return to previous relationships are also more susceptible to greater violence. To explore this link further, we employed longitudinal data from 179 individuals who had recently experienced a breakup. We assessed post-dissolution closeness and self-concept clarity as mediators of the association between a history of aggression while dating and reconciliation within 6 months. We also assessed the directional nature of aggression (unidirectional or bidirectional) as a potential moderator. Logistic regressions as well as moderating mediating analyses (using Hayes’ PROCESS) showed that both psychological and physical aggression were linked to reconciliation. Additionally, closeness mediated this association, but only for those who reported undirectional aggression. Specifically, aggression prior to breakups was associated with feeling closer with the ex-partner, which set the stage for reconciliation, primarily for those who reported one-sided aggression in their relationships. The findings offer insights on identifying those who are more susceptible to revictimization as well as why partners return to previously aggressive relationships. The results suggest additional research examining the causal linkages between cycling and aggression is warranted.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Psychological and Physical Aggression In Relationship Reconciliation

Dailey

Hazlett

Brass-Rosenfield

2022

J Interpers Violence

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“…A large body of research has focused on heterosexual women as the prototypical victims of sexual assault, yet emerging research suggests that people who deviate from that prototype in terms of gender and/or sexual orientation (men of all sexual orientations and sexual minorities of all genders) experience sexual assault at a higher rate than originally believed. Some estimates indicate these populations experience rates of sexual assault comparable to heterosexual women (Etaugh, 2020; Finneran et al 2012). Despite the prevalence of sexual assault, when disclosing their assault, survivors often face retraumatizing, negative reactions from others, such as victim blaming, exoneration of the perpetrator, lack of empathy, and minimization of the assault.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reacting to Non-Prototypical Victims: Blame, Empathy, and Willingness to Label Sexual Assaults of Men and Sexual Minority Victims

Davis

2023

J Interpers Violence

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Sexual assault is prevalent in the U.S. society, with an estimated 16% of women and 8% of men experiencing some form of sexual violence during their lifetime (Breiding, 2014). Sexual violence crosses all identity lines; however, legislation, cultural representation, and academic scholarship on sexual violence has historically been limited to assaults against women perpetrated by men. This dominant analysis of sexual assault focuses on the impact of sexism on sexual violence, neglecting the impact off other forms of oppression and attitudes related to sexuality and gender. This dominant representation leaves non-prototypical victims, such as men, people of other genders, and sexual minorities of all genders, less visible and less understood. This underrepresentation may lead to negative reactions toward these victims including blame, exoneration of the perpetrator, and reluctance to acknowledge assaults. In the current study, I explored the impact of both victim gender and sexual orientation on reactions to a hypothetical intimate partner sexual assault victim. Results indicated that perpetrators who assaulted a man were blamed less than those who assaulted a woman. Furthermore, study participants had more empathy for women who were assaulted than they did for men. There were no differences in participants’ negative reactions to victims by sexual orientation. Results suggest that, while some advances have been made in public support for sexual assault victims, these advances may not extend yet to men as victims.

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“…IPV remains understudied among TGD populations [8], yet emerging research finds that between 42 and 62 percent of TGD individuals experience some type of IPV [6,9]. This is higher than is reported by the CDC for non-TGD women and men (41 and 26 percent, respectively) [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary Pilot-Testing of Intimate Partner Violence Screening for Transgender and Gender Diverse (TGD) Individuals in Med-Peds and Family Medicine

Hotez,

Yang,

Chua

et al. 2023

Cureus

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Introduction: Transgender and gender diverse (TGD) individuals, comprised of those whose gender identity does not correspond with the sex they were assigned at birth, represent approximately 1.4 million people in the U.S., with a higher prevalence among those 18-24 years old. TGD individuals experience high levels of intimate partner violence (IPV), which leads to disproportionately negative mental and physical health outcomes for this population. As a result, there is a resounding need to connect TGD populations to healthpromoting services, supports and resources. Med-Peds and Family Medicine clinics may be particularly wellpositioned to support these efforts due to physicians' focus on transitional-aged youth and young adults under 30.Methods: The current manuscript reports on processes and outcomes related to a quality improvement (QI) initiative that aimed to test the feasibility and acceptability of implementing IPV screening within both a Med-Peds and a Family Medicine specialty clinic serving TGD populations in Los Angeles, CA. This QI initiative included screeners that capture IPV in cisgender/non-TGD populations (Humiliation, Afraid, Rape, Kick [HARK]) as well as in TGD populations specifically (IPV-T). We utilized a mixed-methods approach to both quantify and qualify responses to existing IPV screening as well as informal feedback from clinic "champions" in each clinic.Results: Quantitative and qualitative findings from this QI initiative, featuring both general and TGDspecific IPV screening measures with 140 TGD individuals, elucidated several important processes that can support effective IPV screening and referral to supports and services. These include the importance of interdisciplinary teams, the utility of an iterative approach to screener roll-out, and the essential role of solidifying a referral process in these efforts. This project additionally shed light on the potential utility and challenges of implementing both general and TGD-specific IPV screening measures. Our pilot test did not support the necessity of a TGD-specific IPV screener for identifying and responding to IPV in this population, yet additional data is critical to generate more conclusive recommendations. Conclusion:We recommend larger-scale data collection efforts to evaluate the utility of integrating general and TGD-specific screeners into clinic workflows to ensure optimal health promotion for the TGD population in Med-Peds and Family Medicine clinics.

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Prevalence of Intimate Partner Violence in LGBTQ Individuals: An Intersectional Approach

Cited by 6 publications

References 121 publications

The Role of Psychological and Physical Aggression In Relationship Reconciliation

The Role of Psychological and Physical Aggression In Relationship Reconciliation

Reacting to Non-Prototypical Victims: Blame, Empathy, and Willingness to Label Sexual Assaults of Men and Sexual Minority Victims

Preliminary Pilot-Testing of Intimate Partner Violence Screening for Transgender and Gender Diverse (TGD) Individuals in Med-Peds and Family Medicine

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