Prevalence of intestinal opportunistic parasites infections in the University hospital of Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso

Sangaré, Ibrahim; Bamba, Sanata; Cissé, Mamoudou; Zida, Adama; Bamogo, Rabila; Sirima, Constant; Yaméogo, Bienvenue; Sanou, Roger; Drabo, François; Dabiré, Roch K.; Guiguemdé, Robert Tinga

doi:10.1186/s40249-015-0065-x

Cited by 30 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…We found that 25.0% of the patients in our study were infected with C. belli. This rate is high compared to levels noted in most of the recent reports from Sub-Saharan Africa, indicating a prevalence of 0.7% in the general population of Burkina Faso and Mozambique ( Cerveja et al., 2017 ; Sangare et al., 2015 ) and 3.5%–10% in HIV patients in Nigeria and Cameroon respectively ( Olusegun et al., 2009 ; Vouking et al., 2014 ). Remarkably, in our study no differences in number of positive cases were seen between patients with or without ART provided, which would have been expected.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Occurrence of Cryptosporidium spp. and Cystoisospora belli among adult patients with diarrhoea in Maputo, Mozambique

Casmo

Lebbad

Maungate

et al. 2018

Heliyon

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Infections with Cryptosporidium spp. and Cystoisospora belli are important causes of diarrhoea in HIV patients. Nevertheless, information concerning these two parasites is scarce in many African countries, including Mozambique. In this study occurrence of Cryptosporidium spp. and C. belli was investigated by microscopy of stool specimens from 108 adult diarrhoeal patients, most with a confirmed HIV diagnosis. The Cryptosporidium isolates were further characterized by molecular methods.Cryptosporidium and C. belli oocysts were found in 8.3% (9/108), and 25.0% (27/108) of the study participants, respectively. Species identification was possible for all Cryptosporidium isolates with available DNA. The following Cryptosporidium species were detected (number of cases within parentheses): C. parvum (3), C. hominis (3), C. felis (1), and C. hominis/C. parvum (1). Subtyping targeting the gp60 gene revealed two C. hominis isolates with subtype IaA23R3, one C. parvum isolate with IIcA5G3d, and one with IIeA12G1.In summary the occurrence of C. hominis and anthroponotic subtypes of C. parvum indicates that the main route of Cryptosporidium transmission in the present study population was human to human (direct or via food and water). The high prevalence of C. belli highlights the need for early diagnosis of this parasite, for which a treatment exists.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Occurrence of Cryptosporidium spp. and Cystoisospora belli among adult patients with diarrhoea in Maputo, Mozambique

Casmo

Lebbad

Maungate

et al. 2018

Heliyon

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“…The community-based accelerated expansion of health facilities in Ethiopia being operational since 2004 seems ineffective as a sound reduction in the prevalence of such neglected diseases was expected. Parts of communities in other low-income countries such as India (43-49%) [12,38], Nepal (52-59%) [39,40], Nigeria (58.3-81%) [15,41,42], Burkina Faso (65-84.7%) [13,43], and Peru (100%) [16] are also reported to be at high-risk of IPIs indicating that IPIs continue to be major threats to poor society. Low socioeconomic status, low educational level, and hence poor knowledge, attitude, and practices towards easily preventable disease, poor personal hygiene, and environmental sanitation, lack of potable, and sufficient drinking water are the most important risk factors for the high infection rate of intestinal parasites among poor communities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Intestinal Parasitic Infections and Associated Risk Factors among the First-Cycle Primary Schoolchildren in Sasiga District, Southwest Ethiopia

Sitotaw

Shiferaw²

2020

Journal of Parasitology Research

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Intestinal parasitic infections (IPIs) have been major public health burdens in low-income countries like Ethiopia. Studies in different areas of Ethiopia have shown a high prevalence of IPIs in poor families. A similar study has not been conducted in Sasiga District given that the area is possibly at high-risk of IPIs due to the prevailing risk factors. This study is aimed at assessing the prevalence of IPIs and associated risk factors among schoolchildren in Sasiga District, southwest Ethiopia. A school-based cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2018 to March 2019 to estimate the prevalence of IPIs and associated risk factors among the study participants. A total of 383 children were selected using resident-type and grade-level stratified systematic random sampling technique. Stool samples were examined microscopically using direct wet mount and formal-ether concentration techniques. A structured questionnaire was used to get information on the associated risk factors. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20 and p value of ≤0.05 was taken as statistically significant. The overall prevalence of IPIs among the children was 62.4% (239/383). Single, double, and triple infections were 49.9%, 10.7%, and 1.83%, respectively. Residence, family income, place of defecation, source of drinking water, shoe-wearing habit, handwashing habit after toilet use, ways of waste disposal, and cleanliness of fingernail were the most important predictors of IPIs (p < 0:05). Ascaris lumbricoides (22.7% (87/383)) and hookworms (20.6% (79/383)) were the most prevalent parasites, followed by Entamoeba histolytica (8.1%), Trichuris trichiura (7.6%), Giardia intestinalis (6.5%), Hymenolepis nana (5.7%), and Schistosoma mansoni (4.4%), in that order. Sasiga District primary schoolchildren are likely at a high burden of IPIs. Intensive health education on personal hygiene and environmental sanitation is needed.

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“…positive/No. tested)Diagnostic techniqueGenotyping(target gene)ReferenceAlgeriaPatients with digestive disorders≤ 80 years3.6% (38/1042)0.1% (1/1042)Direct wet mount, formal ether concentration, iodine solution and acid fast stainingNot genotyped[271]AlgeriaSporadic cases≤ 75 years41.7% (25/542)–Iodine stainingNot genotyped[272]AngolaChildren (with and without diarrhoea)≤ 12 years0.1% (44/328); 21.6% (73/338)30.0% (101/337)Iodine and acid fast staining, and immunoassayNot genotyped[273, 274]BotswanaChildren with diarrhoea< 5 years60.0% (45/75)Not statedNot genotyped[41]Burkina FasoPatients with diarrhoeaAll ages26.5% (77/291)Acid fast stainingNot genotyped[275]CameroonIndividuals from Nloh and Bawa villagesNot specified7.1% (14/197)1.5% (3/194)ImmunoassayNot genotyped[276]CameroonHIV/AIDS-positive and negative individuals15–70 years0.3% (1/396)2.5% (10/396); 6.0% (12/200); 14.4% (46/320)Direct microscopy, formal ether concentration, iodine and acid fast stainingNot genotyped[277–279]Central Africa RepublicEmployees at Dzanga-Sangha ParkNot specified2.1% (1/48)PCR tpi [122]Central African RepublicChildren (with and without diarrhoea)Not stated; < 5 years15.6% (27/173); 4.4% (29/666)10.4% (18/173); 7.7% (51/666)Merthiolate iodine formaldehyde concentration, acid fast staining, immunoassay and multiplex PCRNot genotyped[29, 280]ChadIndividuals from different regions≤ 76 years3.5% (16/462)Merthiolate-iodine-formaldehyde concentrationNot genotyped[281]ChadEuropean military UN peace keepers…”

Section: Diagnosis and Prevalence Of Cryptosporidium And Giardia In Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Cryptosporidium and Giardia in Africa: current and future challenges

2017

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Cryptosporidium and Giardia are important causes of diarrhoeal illness. Adequate knowledge of the molecular diversity and geographical distribution of these parasites and the environmental and climatic variables that influence their prevalence is important for effective control of infection in at-risk populations, yet relatively little is known about the epidemiology of these parasites in Africa. Cryptosporidium is associated with moderate to severe diarrhoea and increased mortality in African countries and both parasites negatively affect child growth and development. Malnutrition and HIV status are also important contributors to the prevalence of Cryptosporidium and Giardia in African countries. Molecular typing of both parasites in humans, domestic animals and wildlife to date indicates a complex picture of both anthroponotic, zoonotic and spill-back transmission cycles that requires further investigation. For Cryptosporidium, the only available drug (nitazoxanide) is ineffective in HIV and malnourished individuals and therefore more effective drugs are a high priority. Several classes of drugs with good efficacy exist for Giardia, but dosing regimens are suboptimal and emerging resistance threatens clinical utility. Climate change and population growth are also predicted to increase both malnutrition and the prevalence of these parasites in water sources. Dedicated and co-ordinated commitments from African governments involving “One Health” initiatives with multidisciplinary teams of veterinarians, medical workers, relevant government authorities, and public health specialists working together are essential to control and prevent the burden of disease caused by these parasites.

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Prevalence of intestinal opportunistic parasites infections in the University hospital of Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso

Cited by 30 publications

References 29 publications

Occurrence of Cryptosporidium spp. and Cystoisospora belli among adult patients with diarrhoea in Maputo, Mozambique

Occurrence of Cryptosporidium spp. and Cystoisospora belli among adult patients with diarrhoea in Maputo, Mozambique

Prevalence of Intestinal Parasitic Infections and Associated Risk Factors among the First-Cycle Primary Schoolchildren in Sasiga District, Southwest Ethiopia

Cryptosporidium and Giardia in Africa: current and future challenges

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