Prevalence of Insulin Resistance in the Hungarian General and Roma Populations as Defined by Using Data Generated in a Complex Health (Interview and Examination) Survey

Ádány, Róza; Pikó, Péter; Fiatal, Szilvia; Kósa, Zsigmond; Sándor, János; Bíró, Éva; Kósa, Karolina; Paragh, György; Bába, Éva Bácsné; Veres-Balajti, Ilona; Bíró, Klára; Varga, Orsolya; Balázs, Margit

doi:10.3390/ijerph17134833

Cited by 32 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 77 publications

(101 reference statements)

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“…In our study the representation of females among HR was higher than among HG. This has also been the case in our previous surveys conducted among segregated Roma colonies in Hungary, with more female respondents [ 18 ], and also in Roma surveys in other countries (we have described in our previous work [ 44 ] that one of the major limitations of the study is that females are overrepresented in the Roma sample. This cross-sectional survey was based on randomly selected households and in many households, only women were home during the day when most visits took place, while men had travelled at least locally for public work.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

“…All data used in this analysis were obtained in a cross-sectional survey carried out between May and August 2018, as a three-pillar (i.e., questionnaire-based, physical examination and laboratory examination) complex (i.e., health behavior and examination) survey. Details of sampling and data collection and management are thoroughly described elsewhere [ 44 ]. In brief, individuals aged 20 to 64 years, were selected randomly, to be representative of the adult HR population living in segregated colonies of North-East Hungary (Hajdú-Bihar and Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg counties), where a great proportion of the HR population resides [ 41 ], as well as that of the HG population living in the same counties.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dietary Profile and Nutritional Status of the Roma Population Living in Segregated Colonies in Northeast Hungary

et al. 2020

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Nutrition studies among Roma are scarce and to date no quantified dietary data are available. This report provides, for the first time, quantified dietary data and comprehensive anthropometric information for the Hungarian Roma (HR) population, with Hungarian general (HG) adults as reference. Data were obtained from a complex comparative health survey, involving 387 and 410 subjects of HR and HG populations, respectively. Using corporal measurements, body composition indicators were constructed, while daily nutrient intakes were evaluated in comparison with internationally accepted guidelines on nutrient requirements and recommended intakes. Associations between Roma ethnicity and nutrient intakes, as well as odds of achieving dietary recommendations were explored using regression models, adjusted for relevant covariates (i.e., age, gender, education, marital status and perceived financial status). Results showed occasional differences for selected nutrient intakes between the groups, with HR’s intake being less favorable. Total fat intake, predominantly animal-sourced, exceeded recommendations among HR (36.1 g, 95% confidence interval (CI): 35.2–37.0) and was not dissimilar to HG group (37.1 g, 95% CI: 36.3–38.0). Sodium intake among HR was significantly lower (5094.4 mg, 95% CI: 4866.0–5322.8) compared to HG (5644.0 mg, 95% CI: 5351.9–5936.0), but significantly greater than recommended intake in both groups. HR had greater estimated body fatness (25.6–35.1%) and higher average body mass index (BMI, 27.7 kg/m2, 95% CI: 26.9–28.4), compared to HG. In addition, HR had lower odds of achieving dietary recommendations (odds ratio (OR) = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.67–0.97, p < 0.05). Findings warrant further research, while highlighting the importance of establishing and integrating Roma nutrition into national surveillance and monitoring systems for key dietary risk factors.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Profile and Nutritional Status of the Roma Population Living in Segregated Colonies in Northeast Hungary

et al. 2020

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“…For this report, we analyzed data obtained from a three-pillar (questionnaire-based, physical examination and laboratory examination) complex (health behavior and examination) survey. Details of sampling and data collection and management are thoroughly described elsewhere [44]. In brief, individuals aged 20 to 64 years, were selected randomly, to be representative of the adult HR population living in segregated colonies of northeast Hungary (Hajdú-Bihar and Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg counties), where a great proportion of the HR population resides, as well as that of the HG population living in the same counties.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deteriorated Dietary Patterns with Regards to Health and Environmental Sustainability among Hungarian Roma Are Not Differentiated from Those of the General Population

et al. 2021

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Nutritional epidemiology studies on Roma people are scarce and, to date, their nutrient-based dietary patterns with regards to both healthy and sustainable dietary considerations have never been reported. We report, for the first time, adherence to healthy and sustainable dietary patterns using scoring and regression models, based on recommendations defined by the World Health Organization, in the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) study and the EAT-Lancet report, as well as dietary quality based on Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) among the Hungarian Roma (HR) population living in North East Hungary, with Hungarian general (HG) adults as reference. Data were obtained from a complex, comparative health survey involving dietary assessment, structured questionnaire-based interview, physical and laboratory examinations on 359 HG and 344 HR subjects in Northeast Hungary. Poisson regressions were fit to models that included DASH, EAT, DII and Healthy Diet Indicator as dependent variables to assess the influence of ethnicity on healthy and sustainable nutrient-based patterns. Adjusted models controlled for all relevant covariates using the residual method indicated poor dietary quality with regards to the selected dietary patterns. These associations were not ethnicity-sensitive, except for DII, where Roma ethnicity was linked to a decrease of DII score (β = −0.455, 95%CI: −0.720; −0.191, p < 0.05). Currently, HR dietary patterns appear to be relatively unhealthy and unsustainable, rendering them vulnerable to elevated risk of ill-health. Nevertheless, their dietary patterns did not strongly differ from HG, which may contribute to Hungarians being one of the most obese and malnourished nations in Europe. Further prospective research on the potential public and environmental health effects of these findings is warranted.

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“…If a person could not be reached, a new one was included instead, but is someone refused to respond, no substitute person could be drawn. Further details on the study design and sample populations can be read in our previous research paper 49 . Briefly, based on the results obtained in a complex three pillars (questionnaire, physical and laboratory examinations) health (interview and examination) survey a database was created, which-among others-consists all the data necessary the CVD risk calculations in the models we used.…”

Section: Sample Representative Of the Hungarian General (Hg) Populatimentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative risk assessment for the development of cardiovascular diseases in the Hungarian general and Roma population

Pikó

Kósa

Sándor

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the number one cause of death globally, and the early identification of high risk is crucial to prevent the disease and to reduce healthcare costs. Short life expectancy and increased mortality among the Roma are generally accepted (although not indeed proven by mortality analyses) which can be partially explained by the high prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) among them. This study aims to elaborate on the prevalence of the most important CVD risk factors, assess the estimation of a 10-year risk of development of fatal and nonfatal CVDs based on the most used risk assessment scoring models, and to compare the Hungarian general (HG) and Roma (HR) populations. In 2018 a complex health survey was accomplished on the HG (n = 380) and HR (n = 347) populations. The prevalence of CVRS was defined and 10-year cardiovascular risk was estimated for both study populations using the following systems: Framingham Risk Score for hard coronary heart disease (FRSCHD) and for cardiovascular disease (FRSCVD), Systematic COronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE), ACC/AHA Pooled Cohort Equations (PCE) and Revised Pooled Cohort Equations (RPCE). After the risk scores had been calculated, the populations were divided into risk categories and all subjects were classified. For all CVD risk estimation scores, the average of the estimated risk was higher among Roma compared to the HG independently of the gender. The proportion of high-risk group in the Hungarian Roma males population was on average 1.5–3 times higher than in the general one. Among Roma females, the average risk value was higher than in the HG one. The proportion of high-risk group in the Hungarian Roma females population was on average 2–3 times higher compared to the distribution of females in the general population. Our results show that both genders in the Hungarian Roma population have a significantly higher risk for a 10-year development of cardiovascular diseases and dying from them compared to the HG one. Therefore, cardiovascular interventions should be focusing not only on reducing smoking among Roma but on improving health literacy and service provision regarding prevention, early recognition, and treatment of lipid disorders and diabetes among them.

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Prevalence of Insulin Resistance in the Hungarian General and Roma Populations as Defined by Using Data Generated in a Complex Health (Interview and Examination) Survey

Cited by 32 publications

References 77 publications

Dietary Profile and Nutritional Status of the Roma Population Living in Segregated Colonies in Northeast Hungary

Dietary Profile and Nutritional Status of the Roma Population Living in Segregated Colonies in Northeast Hungary

Deteriorated Dietary Patterns with Regards to Health and Environmental Sustainability among Hungarian Roma Are Not Differentiated from Those of the General Population

Comparative risk assessment for the development of cardiovascular diseases in the Hungarian general and Roma population

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