Prevalence of Influenza A viruses in wild migratory birds in Alaska: Patterns of variation in detection at a crossroads of intercontinental flyways

Ip, Hon S.; Flint, Paul L.; Franson, J. Christian; Dusek, Robert J.; Derksen, Dirk V.; Gill, Robert E.; Ely, Craig R.; Pearce, John M.; Lanctot, Richard B.; Matsuoka, Steven M.; Irons, David B.; Fischer, Julian B.; Oates, Russell M.; Petersen, Margaret R.; Fondell, Thomas F.; Rocque, Deborah A.; Pedersen, Janice C.; Rothe, Thomas C.

doi:10.1186/1743-422x-5-71

Cited by 131 publications

(144 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(54 reference statements)

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“…data). West Nile virus (WNV) RT-PCR was performed according to Docherty et al (2004) and avian influenza RT-PCR according to Ip et al (2008).…”

Section: Polymerase Chain Reactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathology and Virus Detection in Tissues of Nestling House Sparrows Naturally Infected With Buggy Creek Virus (Togaviridae)

O’Brien

Meteyer

et al. 2010

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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ABSTRACT:Alphaviruses (Togaviridae) infect wild birds, but clinical illness and death attributable to virus in naturally infected birds is rarely reported, particularly for small passerine species or nestlings. Buggy Creek virus is a unique alphavirus in the Western equine encephalomyelitis virus (WEEV) complex that is vectored by the cimicid swallow bug (Oeciacus vicarius), an ectoparasite of the colonially nesting Cliff Swallow (Petrochelidon pyrrhonota) and the introduced House Sparrow (Passer domesticus). While sampling birds for Buggy Creek virus (BCRV) during the summers of 2007 and 2008, we discovered large numbers of clinically ill or dead House Sparrow nestlings. Ill nestlings exhibited ataxia, torticollis, paresis, and lethargy. Histologic examination revealed that encephalitis was the most common finding, followed by myositis, myocarditis, and hepatic changes, but pathology was highly variable. We isolated BCRV from brain tissue in most of the ill or dead nestlings, and from blood, liver, kidney, spleen, lung, feather pulp, and skin in some birds. To our knowledge, this is the first report of clinical illness, gross pathology, and histopathology for a WEEV-complex alphavirus in a field-collected passerine species.

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“…data). West Nile virus (WNV) RT-PCR was performed according to Docherty et al (2004) and avian influenza RT-PCR according to Ip et al (2008).…”

Section: Polymerase Chain Reactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathology and Virus Detection in Tissues of Nestling House Sparrows Naturally Infected With Buggy Creek Virus (Togaviridae)

O’Brien

Meteyer

et al. 2010

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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“…This proposed AIV cycle, where birds act as agents for the spread of the virus along a migratory flyway has become widely accepted (Stallknecht and Brown 2008). However, evidence for this cycle of dispersal is fragmented because surveillance studies of waterfowl have been conducted independently at either wintering (Stallknecht et al 1990c, Sharp et al 1993, Hanson et al 2005, Ferro et al 2008 or breeding grounds , Ito et al 1995, Runstadler et al 2007, Ip et al 2008) but never at both. Studies of geese (genus: Anser) conducted throughout the annual cycle have provided insights into the antibody dynamics of AIV (Hoye et al 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-Seasonal Patterns of Avian Influenza Virus in Breeding and Wintering Migratory Birds: A Flyway Perspective

Hill

Takekawa

Cardona

et al. 2012

Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases

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The spread of avian influenza viruses (AIV) in nature is intrinsically linked with the movements of wild birds. Wild birds are the reservoirs for the virus and their migration may facilitate the circulation of AIV between breeding and wintering areas. This cycle of dispersal has become widely accepted; however, there are few AIV studies that present cross-seasonal information. A flyway perspective is critical for understanding how wild birds contribute to the persistence of AIV over large spatial and temporal scales, with implications for how to focus surveillance efforts and identify risks to public health. This study characterized spatio-temporal infection patterns in 10,389 waterfowl at two important locations within the Pacific Flyway-breeding sites in Interior Alaska and wintering sites in California's Central Valley during 2007-2009. Among the dabbling ducks sampled, the northern shoveler (Anas clypeata) had the highest prevalence of AIV at both breeding (32.2%) and wintering (5.2%) locations. This is in contrast to surveillance studies conducted in other flyways that have identified the mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) and northern pintail (Anas acuta) as hosts with the highest prevalence. A higher diversity of AIV subtypes was apparent at wintering (n = 42) compared with breeding sites (n = 17), with evidence of mixed infections at both locations. Our study suggests that wintering sites may act as an important mixing bowl for transmission among waterfowl in a flyway, creating opportunities for the reassortment of the virus. Our findings shed light on how the dynamics of AIV infection of wild bird populations can vary between the two ends of a migratory flyway.

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“…Between 25 and 28 July 2008, we collected blood samples from 100 apparently healthy, wild Tundra Swans near Kotzebue Sound, Alaska (66u099N, 162u09W), comprised of 66 females and 34 males (84 adults [after second year] and 16 juveniles [second year]). Sampling was conducted in conjunction with avian influenza monitoring by the US Fish and Wildlife Service (Ip et al, 2008). In addition to blood, we collected cloacal swabs from a subsample of 68 swans.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hematology, Plasma Chemistry, and Bacteriology of Wild Tundra Swans (Cygnus columbianus) in Alaska

Milani

Wilson

Ziccardi

et al. 2012

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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Prevalence of Influenza A viruses in wild migratory birds in Alaska: Patterns of variation in detection at a crossroads of intercontinental flyways

Cited by 131 publications

References 30 publications

Pathology and Virus Detection in Tissues of Nestling House Sparrows Naturally Infected With Buggy Creek Virus (Togaviridae)

Pathology and Virus Detection in Tissues of Nestling House Sparrows Naturally Infected With Buggy Creek Virus (Togaviridae)

Cross-Seasonal Patterns of Avian Influenza Virus in Breeding and Wintering Migratory Birds: A Flyway Perspective

Hematology, Plasma Chemistry, and Bacteriology of Wild Tundra Swans (Cygnus columbianus) in Alaska

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