Prevalence of Igg Antibodies Against SARS-CoV-2 Among the General Population and Healthcare Workers in India, June–July 2021

Murhekar, Manoj; Bhatnagar, Tarun; Thangaraj, Jeromie Wesley Vivian; Velusamy, Saravanakumar; Kumar, Muthusamy Santhosh; Selvaraju, Sriram; Rade, Kirankumar; Kumar, C. P. Girish; Sabarinathan, R.; Turuk, Alka; Krishnan, Nivethitha N.; Robinson, Aby; Srinivasan, Nivetha; Asthana, Smita; Balachandar, Rakesh; Bangar, Sampada Dipak; Bansal, Avi Kumar; Bhat, Jyothi; Chopra, Vishal; Das, Dasarathi; Deb, Alok Kumar; Devi, Kangjam Rekha; Dwivedi, Gaurav Raj; Khan, S. Muhammad Salim; Kumar, M. Sunil; Laxmaiah, Avula; Madhukar, Major; Mahapatra, Amarendra; Rangaraju, Chethana; Turuk, Jyotirmayee; Yadav, Suresh; Anand, Praveen Kumar; Andhalkar, Rushikesh; Arlappa, Nimmathota; Bashir, Khalid; Baradwaj, Dinesh Kumar; Bharti, Pravin; Bhattacharya, Debdutta; Behera, Sthita Pragnya; Chahal, Ashrafjit S.; Chakraborty, Debjit; Chaudhury, Anshuman; Deval, Hirawati; Dhatrak, Sarang; Dhikav, Vikas; Dayal, R. S.; Giridharan, Prathiksha; Haq, Inaamul; Jagjeevan, Babu; Jain, Agam; Kalliath, Arshad; Kanungo, Srikanta; Karunakaran, T.; Kshatri, Jaya Singh; Kumar, Niraj; Kumar, Vijay; Lakshmi, Gangeti Gandhi Jayanthi Naga; Mehta, Ganesh; Mitra, Anindya; Nagbhushanam, K.; Nirmala, A; Palo, Subrat Kumar; Pandey, Ashok; Prasad, Ganta Venkata; Pucha, Uday Kumar; Qurieshi, Mariya Amin; Sabaharwal, Vikas; Sahay, Seema; Sangwan, Ramesh Kumar; Saxena, Rochak; Sekar, Krithikaa; Shukla, Vijay Kumar; Singh, Hari Bhan; Singh, Prashant Kumar; Singh, Pushpendra; Singh, Rajeev; Thakor, Mahendra; Varma, Dantuluri Sheethal; Viramgami, Ankit; Menon, Pradeep A.; Yadav, Ramesh Singh; Yadav, Surabhi; Singh, Manjula; Chakrabarti, Amit; Das, Ashim; Dutta, Shanta; Kant, Rajni; Khan, Abdul Mabood; Narain, Kanwar; Narasimhaiah, Somashekar; Padmapriyadarshini, Chandrasekaran; Pandey, Krishna; Pati, Sanghamitra; Hemalatha, R.; Ramesh, T.; Sharma, Arun Kumar; Sharma, Y.K.; Singh, Shalini; Panda, Samiran; Reddy, D. C. S.; Bhargava, Balram

doi:10.2139/ssrn.3899801

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Seroprevalence of COVID-19 IgG antibodies in non-vaccinated individuals older than 6 years increased from 24% in December, 2020 and January, 2021, to 62% in June and July, 2021, confirming that hundreds of millions of people were infected during the delta wave. 201 The IHME estimates that there were around 417 million infections and 1•6 million deaths from COVID-19 in India between April 1 and July 1, 2021, compared with just 18 million reported cases and 252 997 reported deaths (figure 12). Another study estimates between 3•1 million and 3•4 million deaths from COVID-19 in India between the start of the pandemic and Sept 1, 2021, compared with 440 000 reported deaths; these figures suggest that the reported death count was roughly 14% of the actual value.…”

Section: South-east Asia and The Delta Surgementioning

confidence: 99%

The Lancet Commission on lessons for the future from the COVID-19 pandemic

et al. 2022

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Section: South-east Asia and The Delta Surgementioning

confidence: 99%

The Lancet Commission on lessons for the future from the COVID-19 pandemic

et al. 2022

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“…This study highlights the high seroprevalence (~ 40%) even in the immunocompromised patients, in contrast to > 80% seroprevalence in the general population in recent regional serosurveys [11]. The seropositivity rate increased to ~ 80% after the second dose.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Short Research Communication Anti-Spike Antibody Response to COVISHIELD™ (SII-ChAdOx1 nCoV-19) Vaccine in Patients with B-Cell and Plasma Cell Malignancies and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Recipients

Chopra

Jain

Chhabra

et al. 2022

Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus

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y chimpanzee adenovirus vector encoding the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Spike (S) glycoprotein, produced in genetically modified human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293 cells. It is manufactured in India by the Serum Institute and is available as COV-ISHIELD™. It was rolled out in India for people > 45 years of age and comorbidities from March 2021 and for > 18 years from May 2021. Despite no data on the safety or efficacy of a replication-deficient viral vector vaccine in immunocompromised patients, the vaccine was approved in this population wherever it was the only option considering the possible benefits over the risks of COVID-19. Most countries in the developed world resorted to mRNA vaccines Deepesh P. Lad

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“…However, population serosurveys conducted in other contexts have found discrepancy between anti-N and anti-S IgG seroprevalence (e.g. 38% vs. 64% seroprevalence to anti-N and anti-S IgG in India after the Delta wave) 18 , that persisted among unvaccinated individuals who had lab-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection (63% vs. 82%) 18 . In this study we estimated anti-N IgG seroprevalence of 13.5% using the Abbott ARCHITECT assay and associated cut-off, a five-fold difference compared to the anti-S IgG seroprevalence.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A mixture model to estimate SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in Chennai, India

Hitchings

Patel

Khan

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Serological assays used to estimate SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence rely on manufacturer cut-offs established based on more severe early cases who tended to be older. We conducted a household-based serosurvey of 4,677 individuals from 2,619 households in Chennai, India from January to May, 2021. Samples were tested for SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies to the spike (S) and nucelocapsid (N) proteins. We calculated seroprevalence using manufacturer cut-offs and using a mixture model in which individuals were assigned a probability of being seropositive based on their measured IgG, accounting for heterogeneous antibody response across individuals. The SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence to anti-S and anti-N IgG was 62.0% (95% confidence interval [CI], 60.6 to 63.4) and 13.5% (95% CI, 12.6 to 14.5), respectively applying the manufacturer's cut-offs, with low inter-assay agreement (Cohen's kappa 0.15). With the mixture model, estimated anti-S IgG and anti-N IgG seroprevalence was 64.9% (95% Credible Interval [CrI], 63.8 to 66.0) and 51.5% (95% CrI, 50.2 to 52.9) respectively, with high inter-assay agreement (Cohen's kappa 0.66). Age and socioeconomic factors showed inconsistent relationships with anti-S IgG and anti-N IgG seropositivity using manufacturer's cut-offs, but the mixture model reconciled these differences. In the mixture model, age was not associated with seropositivity, and improved household ventilation was associated with lower seropositivity odds. With global vaccine scale-up, the utility of the more stable anti-S IgG assay may be limited due to the inclusion of the S protein in several vaccines. SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence estimates using alternative targets must consider heterogeneity in seroresponse to ensure seroprevalence is not underestimated and correlates not misinterpreted.

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Prevalence of Igg Antibodies Against SARS-CoV-2 Among the General Population and Healthcare Workers in India, June–July 2021

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

The Lancet Commission on lessons for the future from the COVID-19 pandemic

The Lancet Commission on lessons for the future from the COVID-19 pandemic

Short Research Communication Anti-Spike Antibody Response to COVISHIELD™ (SII-ChAdOx1 nCoV-19) Vaccine in Patients with B-Cell and Plasma Cell Malignancies and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Recipients

A mixture model to estimate SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in Chennai, India

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