Prevalence ofSalmonellaspp., and serovars isolated from captive exotic reptiles in New Zealand

Kikillus, K. Heidy; Gartrell, Brett D.; Motion, E

doi:10.1080/00480169.2011.579246

Cited by 36 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…In Japan, although sources of infection have not been identified, the isolation frequencies of S. enterica subspecies enterica serotypes Saintpaul and Thompson are slightly less than the frequencies of S. enterica subspecies enterica serotypes Enteritidis and Infantis, which are most frequently isolated from human salmonellosis (23). S. enterica subspecies enterica serotype Eastbourne, isolated from 3 Japanese grass snakes, is recognized as a serotype rarely causing human salmonellosis (24); however, it can cause severe prolonged septicemia in infants (25), and reptiles may become a source of human salmonellosis caused by this serotype (26). S. enterica subspecies enterica serotypes Narashino and Mikawashima, isolated from Japanese grass snakes, are also known as reptile-associated serotypes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Salmonella in Wild Snakes in Japan

et al. 2013

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SUMMARY: A total of 87 wild snakes of 6 species in 2 families collected in Japan were examined for the presence of Salmonella. The prevalence of Salmonella was 58.6z, and that of Salmonella enterica subspecies I, which includes most human pathogenic serotypes, accounted for 12.6z. S. enterica subspecies I was isolated from Japanese grass snakes and Japanese four-striped snakes, and the isolates belonged to 6 serotypes: S. enterica subspecies enterica serotypes Eastbourne, Mikawashima, Narashino, Newport, Saintpaul, and Thompson. The prevalence of S. enterica subspecies IIIb was higher (41.4z) than that of S. enterica subspecies I, and it was isolated from 4 snake species. The prevalence of Salmonella enterica subspecies and isolation of serotypes that are commonly detected in reptiles and human salmonellosis suggest that wild snakes may become a source of Salmonella infection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Salmonella in Wild Snakes in Japan

et al. 2013

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“…Salmonella serovars are recorded in a variety of reptiles globally with up to 90% of individuals in North American populations positive for Salmonella [16]. In New Zealand, Salmonella has been isolated from native and introduced species of reptiles [17,18] and birds [19] and from many species of domestic animals [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Presence of antibodies to Salmonella in tuatara (Sphenodon punctatus) sera

Middleton

Nelson

Gartrell

et al. 2015

Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases

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“…The risk of human salmonellosis depends firstly on exposure and immunocompetence of the individual, secondly on prevalence and serotype predominance and pathogenicity in the reptile collection at hand. Multiple studies have addressed the prevalence among captive reptiles and isolated a multitude of serotypes with no specific patterns prevailing (Adesiyun et al., 1998; Geue and Löschner, 2002; Corrente et al., 2004; Ebani et al., 2005; Nakadai et al., 2005; Jang et al., 2008; Chen et al., 2010; Kikillus et al., 2011; Scheelings et al., 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SalmonellaPrevalence Among Reptiles in a Zoo Education Setting

Hydeskov

Guardabassi

Aalbæk

et al. 2012

Zoonoses and Public Health

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Summary Clinically healthy reptiles may shed Salmonella and therefore act as a potential zoonotic threat. Most people in Northern European countries are rarely exposed to reptiles, but many zoos have education departments where children have direct contact with this group of animals. The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence and serotype distribution of Salmonella among reptiles in the Education Department (n = 55) at Copenhagen Zoo and compare it to the Zoo’s main reptile collection (n = 145) to evaluate the zoonotic risk. Salmonella was isolated from cloacal swabs by selective enrichment, and a single isolate from each positive sample was further identified by biochemical tests and serotyped. The overall prevalence was 35% (69/200) with significant difference between the Education Department (64%, 35/55) and the main reptile collection (23%, 34/145). A total of 28 serotypes were detected. Ten serotypes were isolated from more than one specimen and four from more than one species. Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Eastbourne was the predominant serotype (32%, 22/69) and was also the serotype isolated from most reptile species (n = 7). Transmission of serotypes from one department to another was very limited indicated by the serotype distribution. Despite the relative high prevalence observed among the reptiles in the Zoo’s Education Department compared to the reptiles in the Zoo’s main reptile collection, no Salmonella cases have been linked to the Zoo, and Salmonella ser. Eastbourne is very rarely isolated from humans in Denmark. Simple hygienic procedures such as hand washing which is consistently carried out following handling of reptiles at the Education Department may reduce the risk and therefore contribute to this low prevalence.

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Prevalence ofSalmonellaspp., and serovars isolated from captive exotic reptiles in New Zealand

Cited by 36 publications

References 34 publications

Prevalence of <i>Salmonella</i> in Wild Snakes in Japan

Prevalence of <i>Salmonella</i> in Wild Snakes in Japan

Presence of antibodies to Salmonella in tuatara (Sphenodon punctatus) sera

SalmonellaPrevalence Among Reptiles in a Zoo Education Setting

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