Prevalence of Rickettsia slovaca in Dermacentor marginatus Ticks Removed from Wild Boar (Sus scrofa) in Northeastern Spain

Ortuño, Anna; Quesada, Mariela; López, Sergi; Miret, Jaime; Cardeñosa, Neus; Castellà, Joaquim; Antón, Ester; Segura, Ferrán

doi:10.1196/annals.1374.061

Cited by 21 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…raoultii in D. marginatus collected from wild boars in southern Italy suggests this animal species has a potential role in the maintenance of this tick species. Indeed, the finding of D. marginatus as the most prevalent tick species detected (i.e., 99.4%) in the examined wild boar population, has already been previously reported in several areas of the Mediterranean basin (northeastern Spain, Ortuño et al, 2006;central Italy, Di Domenico et al, 2016;southern Corsica, Grech-Angelini et al, 2016). Although I. ricinus is one of the most abundant tick in Europe and vector of many pathogens, including those of zoonotic concern (Petney et al, 2012;Mendoza-Roldan et al, 2019), D. marginatus was frequently identified and screened as positive to Rickettsia monacensis ,R. slovaca and R. raoultii collected from human patients in Italy (Otranto et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Spotted fever group Rickettsiae in Dermacentor marginatus from wild boars in Italy

Sgroi

Iatta

Lia

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Following the increase in wild boar population recorded in urban and peri-urban areas through Europe, the present survey aimed to assess the occurrence of zoonotic tick-borne bacteria in animals and their ticks collected from southern Italy, in order to evaluate the potential risk of infection for animals and humans. From October to December 2019, a total of 176 ticks collected from 93 wild boars and their spleen samples were molecularly screened for Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex, Coxiella burnetii and spotted fever group (SFG) Rickettsia species. Overall, all the wild boars were infested by ticks (mean intensity, 1.9) with Dermacentor marginatus and Ixodes ricinus being identified in 99.4% and 0.6%, respectively. Out of 93 wild boars, 17 (18.3%) were infested by ticks positive to spotted fever group (SFG) Rickettsia species. Rickettsia slovaca and Rickettsia raoultii were identified in 16 (9%) and 1 (0.6%) D. marginatus, respectively, whereas a single I. ricinus (0.6%) was infected by R. slovaca. A single wild boar (1.1%) scored positive to R. slovaca. All ticks and wild boars scored negative to C. burnetii and B. burgdorferi s.l. complex. Data herein obtained suggest wild boars are involved in the dissemination of D. marginatus, especially in peri-urban settlements of the study area. An integrated management approach is advocated for wild boar population control and preventing the potential risk of tick-borne bacteria in animals and humans.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Spotted fever group Rickettsiae in Dermacentor marginatus from wild boars in Italy

Sgroi

Iatta

Lia

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…raoultii was detected in 1.8% of the sampled ticks; this is a Þrst report in Italy and extends its known geographic distribution in Europe. This species was previously detected in D. marginatus removed from wild boars in northeastern Spain (Ortuñ o et al 2006(Ortuñ o et al , 2007 and in D. marginatus and D. reticulatus ticks collected from vegetation, domestic animals and deer (Shpynov et al 2001(Shpynov et al , 2004Dautel et al 2006;Stanczak 2006;Nijhof et al 2007, Vitorino et al 2007Sarih et al 2008). R. raoultii was recently described as a new species; in fact, its isolates were identiÞed with different names (DnS14, DnS28, and RpA4) from Dermacentor spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Rickettsia slovaca and Rickettsia raoultii in Dermacentor marginatus Ticks Collected on Wild Boars in Tuscany, Italy

Selmi¹,

Martello²,

Bertolotti³

et al. 2009

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During the hunting season 2007-2008, 494 Dermacentor marginatus (Sulzer) ticks were collected from 109 hunter-killed wild boars, Sus scrofa, in Lucca's province, Tuscany, Italy. Rickettsia slovaca, the causative agent of tick-borne lymphadenopathy (TIBOLA), was detected in 32.1% of ticks tested (n=112) by using polymerase chain reaction primers targeting gltA, ompA, and ompB rickettsial genes. Moreover, Rickettsia raoultii was found for the first time in Italy, with 1.8% infection prevalence. This study confirms the risk posed to humans by ticks and tick-borne pathogens in the study area, where cases of spotted fever rickettsiosis (TIBOLA) are reported.

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“…We assume that the epidermis in this part of the wild boar’s body is too hard and the fur too thick to provide places favourable for tick attachment. Moreover, wild boars have been reported to be mainly hosts of Dermacentor marginatus [101], a species that has not been recorded in the study area [98], whereas D. reticulatus could be found only sporadically [67, personal observations].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diverse tick-borne microorganisms identified in free-living ungulates in Slovakia

et al. 2018

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BackgroundFree-living ungulates are hosts of ixodid ticks and reservoirs of tick-borne microorganisms in central Europe and many regions around the world. Tissue samples and engorged ticks were obtained from roe deer, red deer, fallow deer, mouflon, and wild boar hunted in deciduous forests of south-western Slovakia. DNA isolated from these samples was screened for the presence of tick-borne microorganisms by PCR-based methods.ResultsTicks were found to infest all examined ungulate species. The principal infesting tick was Ixodes ricinus, identified on 90.4% of wildlife, and included all developmental stages. Larvae and nymphs of Haemaphysalis concinna were feeding on 9.6% of wildlife. Two specimens of Dermacentor reticulatus were also identified. Ungulates were positive for A. phagocytophilum and Theileria spp. Anaplasma phagocytophilum was found to infect 96.1% of cervids, 88.9% of mouflon, and 28.2% of wild boar, whereas Theileria spp. was detected only in cervids (94.6%). Importantly, a high rate of cervids (89%) showed mixed infections with both these microorganisms. In addition to A. phagocytophilum and Theileria spp., Rickettsia helvetica, R. monacensis, unidentified Rickettsia sp., Coxiella burnetii, “Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis”, Borrelia burgdorferi (s.l.) and Babesia venatorum were identified in engorged I. ricinus. Furthermore, A. phagocytophilum, Babesia spp. and Theileria spp. were detected in engorged H. concinna. Analysis of 16S rRNA and groEL gene sequences revealed the presence of five and two A. phagocytophilum variants, respectively, among which sequences identified in wild boar showed identity to the sequence of the causative agent of human granulocytic anaplasmosis (HGA). Phylogenetic analysis of Theileria 18S rRNA gene sequences amplified from cervids and engorged I. ricinus ticks segregated jointly with sequences of T. capreoli isolates into a moderately supported monophyletic clade.ConclusionsThe findings indicate that free-living ungulates are reservoirs for A. phagocytophilum and Theileria spp. and engorged ixodid ticks attached to ungulates are good sentinels for the presence of agents of public and veterinary concern. Further analyses of the A. phagocytophilum genetic variants and Theileria species and their associations with vector ticks and free-living ungulates are required.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s13071-018-3068-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Prevalence of Rickettsia slovaca in Dermacentor marginatus Ticks Removed from Wild Boar (Sus scrofa) in Northeastern Spain

Cited by 21 publications

References 9 publications

Spotted fever group Rickettsiae in Dermacentor marginatus from wild boars in Italy

Spotted fever group Rickettsiae in Dermacentor marginatus from wild boars in Italy

<I>Rickettsia slovaca</I> and <I>Rickettsia raoultii</I> in <I>Dermacentor marginatus</I> Ticks Collected on Wild Boars in Tuscany, Italy

Diverse tick-borne microorganisms identified in free-living ungulates in Slovakia

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