Prevalence ofAnaplasma phagocytophilumand Coinfection withBorrelia burgdorferiSensu Lato in the Hard TickIxodes ricinusin the City of Hanover (Germany)

Schicht, Sabine; Junge, Sonja; Schnieder, Thomas; Strübe, Christina

doi:10.1089/vbz.2011.0699

Cited by 34 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…infected ticks and 10.7% B. burgdorferi sl coinfected ticks was comparable to the results of the total sample size of 1,089 ticks. Rickettsia and A. phagocytophilum coinfections were found in 2.8% of the analyzed ticks, which basically reßects the prevalence of 3.2% for the region of Hanover (Schicht et al 2011). Again, adult ticks were about two times more coinfected (3.7%) than nymphs (1.7%) that is in accordance to data from Southern Germany, where a coinfection in 2.6% of I. ricinus ticks was found (Hartelt et al 2004).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

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Rickettsiaspp. and Coinfections With Other Pathogenic Microorganisms in Hard Ticks From Northern Germany

Schicht

Schnieder

Strübe³

2012

J Med Entomol

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Rickettsia species are the causative agent of different forms of spotted fever and thus, monitored in a number of prevalence studies. The current study examined the status of ticks from the city of Hanover, Northern Germany, regarding the presence of Rickettsia spp. and coinfections with Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (sl) and Anaplasma phagocytophilum. In total, 1,089 questing Ixodes ricinus L. ticks were analyzed using quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction. A duplex quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction for simultaneous detection of Rickettsia spp. and Ixodes spp.-DNA as positive control for successful DNA-isolation was established. Rickettsia spp. were detected in 363 (33.3%) of the 1,089 investigated ticks. Quantification of Rickettsia showed that larvae contained up to 50,000 bacteria, nymphs up to 85 million and adults up to 200 million per tick. Species differentiation was possible in 178 out of 363 Rickettsia positive samples and resulted in a predominant occurrence of R. helvetica (98.9%, 176/178), whereas R. monacensis was rarely found (1.1%, 2/178). Besides detection of Rickettsia, positive ticks were compared with results from previous studies to examine coinfections with B. burgdorferi sl and A. phagocytophilum. The resulting coinfection rates were 9.1% (99/1,089) for B. burgdorferi sl and 2.8% (11/391) for A. phagocytophilum. Triple-infection with Rickettsia spp., B. burgdorferi sl, and A. phagocytophilum occurred in 5 (1.3%) out of 391 ticks. The current study is the first presenting quantitative data concerning the load of Ixodes ticks with Rickettsia individuals.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…infection, were compared with data from a previous study (Montenegro 2008) to analyze the coinfection rate with B. burgdorferi sl. Additionally, a subsample of 391 out of the 1,089 ticks could be analyzed for coinfections with A. phagocytophilum by using data from Schicht et al (2011).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rickettsiaspp. and Coinfections With Other Pathogenic Microorganisms in Hard Ticks From Northern Germany

Schicht

Schnieder

Strübe³

2012

J Med Entomol

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“…phagocytophilum varies considerably across Europe. Our estimates (8.8%) are above the reported 1.6% for Italy/Slovenia [57], 1.9% in Luxembourg [58], 1.3% in Switzerland [59], and 3.2% in Hanover, Germany [60]. Estimates are close to the 8.7% reported in Leipzig, Germany [61], but lower than the 20.5% reported in Spain [62].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

Spatial and seasonal variation in the prevalence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in questing Ixodes ricinus ticks in Norway

et al. 2013

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BackgroundUnderstanding the variation in prevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (Lyme Borreliosis Spirochaetes, LBS) and Anaplasma phagocytophilum (causing tick-borne fever in ruminants and human granulocytic ehrlichiosis) in ticks is vital from both a human and an animal disease perspective to target the most effective mitigation measures. From the host competence hypothesis, we predicted that prevalence of LBS would decrease with red deer density, while prevalence of A. phagocytophilum would increase.MethodsBased on a sample of 112 adult and 686 nymphal Ixodes ricinus ticks collected with flagging during questing from 31 transects (4–500 m long) corresponding to individual seasonal home ranges of 41 red deer along the west coast of Norway, we tested whether there were spatial and seasonal variations in prevalence with a special emphasis on the population density of the most common large host in this area, the red deer (Cervus elaphus). We used a multiplex real-time PCR assay for detection of A. phagocytophilum and LBS.ResultsPrevalence of LBS was higher in adult female ticks (21.6%) compared to adult male ticks (11.5%) and nymphs (10.9%), while prevalence was similar among stages for prevalence of A. phagocytophilum (8.8%). Only partly consistent with predictions, we found a lower prevalence of LBS in areas of high red deer density, while there was no relationship between red deer density and prevalence of A. phagocytophilum in ticks. Prevalence of both bacteria was much higher in ticks questing in May compared to August.ConclusionsOur study provides support to the notion that spatial variation in host composition forms a role for prevalence of LBS in ticks also in a northern European ecosystem, while no such association was found for A. phagocytophilum. Further studies are needed to fully understand the similar seasonal pattern of prevalence of the two pathogens.

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“…Daten zur Prävalenz von Borrelien, Anaplasmen und Rickettsien in Zecken aus dem nordwestlichen Teil Deutschlands waren bisher nur für das Stadtgebiet Hannover verfügbar (Schicht et al 2012(Schicht et al , 2011Tappe et al 2014;Tappe und Strube 2013 (Christova et al 2003). Als weitere zeckenübertragene Pathogene wurden Anaplasmen bei 3,6 % und Rickettsien bei 52,5 % der Zecken nachgewiesen (May und Strube 2014).…”

Section: Auswirkungen Von Klimaveränderungen Auf Infektionskrankheiteunclassified

Hamburger Klimabericht – Wissen über Klima, Klimawandel und Auswirkungen in Hamburg und Norddeutschland

Storch¹,

Meinke²,

Claußen

2018

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Prevalence ofAnaplasma phagocytophilumand Coinfection withBorrelia burgdorferiSensu Lato in the Hard TickIxodes ricinusin the City of Hanover (Germany)

Cited by 34 publications

References 16 publications

Rickettsiaspp. and Coinfections With Other Pathogenic Microorganisms in Hard Ticks From Northern Germany

Rickettsiaspp. and Coinfections With Other Pathogenic Microorganisms in Hard Ticks From Northern Germany

Spatial and seasonal variation in the prevalence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in questing Ixodes ricinus ticks in Norway

Hamburger Klimabericht – Wissen über Klima, Klimawandel und Auswirkungen in Hamburg und Norddeutschland

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