Prevalence of Hypertension in a Sample of 5372 Portuguese Children and Adolescents the Aveleira Registry: PP.7.299

Abstract

Aim: In the Azerbaijan national sample, to investigate gender-specific associations between educational level and body mass parameters: body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), abdominal obesity (AO), as well as the links between education and cardio-metabolic risk (CMR) components -arterial hypertension (AH) and diabetes mellitus (DM).Material and methods: The study included people 760aged 24-84 years: 290 men and 470 women. Response rate was 82,3%.Results: Higher-educated people demonstrated lower levels of BMI and WC, lower prevalence of AO and clinical states associated with increased BM -AH and AH + AO (ð<0,001). Higher-educated individuals also had minimal age-related gradient in BM and WC increase (ð<0,001). Educational differences in BM were observed in subjects aged over 25 years (educational status is defined by this age), and were maximal in workingage individuals under 60 years. In older individuals, the association between education and BM was less clear. In men, education was not significantly associated with BM parameters, while in women, this association was statistically significant (ð<0,001). In lower-educated women, odds ratios (ORs) for AO, AH, and their combination were, respectively, 2,4 (95% CI 2,0-2.9), 1,6 (95% CI 1,4-1,95), and 1,95 (95% CI 1,6-2,4). In women with secondary education, respective ORs were 1,95 (95% CI 1,7-2,3), 1,2 (95% CI 1,0-1,4), and 1,5 (95% CI 1,2-1,8), comparing to their peers with higher education. Among men, OR for AH was 1,6 (95% CI 1,3-1,9) in the lower-educated and 1,3 (95% CI 1,1-1,6) in those with secondary education.Conclusion: Among women, educational level was significantly linked to BM parameters and BM-related characteristics of AH and AO. In men, this association was observed for AH only.

Actin Depolymerization Drives Actomyosin Ring Contraction during Budding Yeast Cytokinesis

“…Our results show that Cof1 also regulates actin depolymerization in the contractile ring and plays an important role in ring constraction. Although several previous studies have clearly implicated ADF/cofilin in actomyosin ring assembly and/or contraction (Coniglio et al, 2009; Hotulainen et al, 2005; Maldonado et al, 2009; Nakano and Mabuchi, 2006), the precise functional consequence of cofilin-mediated actin depolymerization in cytokinesis has been unclear. Our analysis suggests that cofilin can be a key component of the force generating machinery during cytokinesis.…”

High prevalence of hypertension in obese children in the Caribbean

“…[8][9][10][11] The prevalence of overweight including obesity in children in the Caribbean is high, but varies between islands. Compared with Bonaire, fewer children on St Lucia, Jamaica and Barbados are overweight, while on Aruba and Trinidad/Tobago more children are overweight.…”

“…Four studies have reported the prevalence of hypertension in normal-weight (2-8%), overweight (4-14%) and obese (11-23%) children. [8][9][10][11] These studies used the 85th and 95th percentiles for BMI from national reference values. We used the International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) cut-off values which are accepted worldwide.…”

“…[4][5][6][7] However, studies of blood pressure in overweight children (BMI 25-30 kg/m 2 ) are scarce. [8][9][10][11] The combination of high blood pressure and obesity in childhood has an additive effect in predicting (young) adult cardiovascular risk, including coronary artery disease, stroke and kidney damage. 12,13 The aim of this study, which was requested by the Bonaire Department of Health and Hygiene, was to determine the prevalence of hypertension in a general population of normal weight, overweight and obese school children.…”

Pathophysiology of hypertension in obese children: a systematic review

“…Hypertension, defined as blood pressure ≥ 95th percentile for age , is becoming increasingly common in obese children and adolescents. Several studies confirm a direct association between overweight and obesity and hypertension in children, with a prevalence of hypertension in overweight children of 4–14% and in obese children of 11–23% . This development is worrisome since both obesity and hypertension tend to track from childhood into adulthood, increasing the burden of hypertension in adults as well .…”