Prevalence of hypertension and its associated risk factors in young adults attending a tertiary care institute of Nagpur: a cross sectional study

Abstract

Background: Hypertension is a silent killer and global public health problem. With the advent of globalization affecting the lifestyle of the population, non-communicable diseases like hypertension, diabetes etc. is affecting the young adults (18 to 40 years). The aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence of hypertension and its associated risk factors among young adults (18 to 40 years) attending a tertiary care centre of Nagpur.Methods: This was a cross sectional study on 370 participants of age 18 to 40 years attending the outpatient department of urban health training centre in Nagpur. Data was collected using pretested and pre designed questionnaire and anthropometric measurements were done by standard guidelines. Blood pressure was measured using sphygmomanometer in sitting position. Data was analyzed using Epi info version 7.2. Chi square test/ fisher’s exact test has been used to find the difference between two proportions. Unadjusted odds ratio was calculated for various risk factors studied. Stepwise logistic regression analysis was done to calculate the adjusted odds ratio. Results: The prevalence of hypertension was found to be 23.24%. The prevalence was higher among males (25%) when compared to females (22.3%). Body mass index and waist hip ratio were significantly higher among the hypertensive when compared to normotensive study population (p<0.01). For every one year increase in age, the odds ratio increases by 1.06 (1.02 to 1.09) and the subjects who were overweight were having 2.15 odds of being hypertensive. Conclusions: We found a high prevalence of hypertension among the adults of age group of 18 to 40 years. The population with high body mass index, high waist to hip ratio and age group of 30 to 40 years were found to be associated with hypertension. Early surveillance and prompt treatment forms will help in decreasing the cardiovascular risk of young adults in near future.

Sex differences in prevalence and risk factors of hypertension in India: Evidence from the National Family Health Survey-4

“…This study showed the prevalence of hypertension increases with an increase in age which is supported by previous literature [ 9 , 29 – 31 ]. The higher prevalence of hypertension among higher age groups may be attributed to a high workload and lack of physical activity.…”

Prevalence of Hypertension and Its Associated Factors among Adults in Selected Areas of Bangladesh: A Community Based Cross-sectional Study

“…In this study overweight and physical inactivity were found to be independent risk factors for developing hypertension. This finding was in line with previous reports from Uganda, India, Ethiopia and Nepal (Kiber et al, 2019;Awoke et al, 2012;Patil et al, 2017;Dhungana et al, 2016). Urbanization are associated with changes in dietary habits and sedentary lifestyle which lead to obesity and those are associated as contributing factors in the development of high blood pressure.…”

“…The prevalence of hypertension considerably higher than what has been reported in previous study conducted in Bangladesh (Ahmed et al, 2014). In India The prevalence of hypertension was found to be 23.24% (Patil, Sahoo, Dhoble, Kherde & Inamdar, 2017) and in Nepal the prevalence was 32.5% (Dhungana, Pandey, Bista, Joshi & Devkota, 2016).…”

Prevalence and Pattern of Tobacco use among Young Adults Attending a Tertiary care Hospital in Central India

“…[9] Kahar, from Gujrat in a state wide community based study reported the tobacco use among similar (18-34 year) aged individuals, similar for males while much higher in females than our findings (35% in males; 26% in females) [10] The study setting may be the cause of this explicit difference.…”