Prevalence of hypertension and associated factors in a rural community in Bayelsa State

Abstract

Background: Hypertension is considered among the most common non-communicable diseases globally with significant morbidity and mortality. Closely related to it is pre-hypertension, a category between hypertension and normotension which is believed to be a forerunner to hypertension and cardiovascular disease. Hypertension has been on the increase in recent times, even in rural communities which were previously less affected. The study was carried during the world health day as a screening exercise to determine the prevalence of hypertension and its associated factors in a rural community.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Ogboloma village, a small rural community in Bayelsa State, Ngeria Consecutive sampling of all eligible participants who presented for the screening exercise was done. Socio-demographic data, clinical history, anthropometry and blood pressure were taken. Data was stored and analyzed using SPSS version 20.0.Results: One hundred and thirty-one participants completed the study. There were 49(37.4%) males. The prevalence of hypertension was 50.4% while pre-hypertension was found in another 41.2%. Factors associated with hypertension on univariate analysis were age (p <0.001) body mass index (p=0.038) waist hip ratio (p=0.008) hyperglycemia (p=0.030) and smoking (p=0.009) However, only age (p=0.004) and smoking (p=0.037) remained significant on multivariate analysis.Conclusions: Hypertension and Pre-hypertension were highly prevalent in this rural community. Age and smoking were significant predictors of hypertension. Hypertension screening and control programmes should therefore target rural communities and smokers.

Prevalence and associated factors of hypertension among adult patients in Felege-Hiwot Comprehensive Referral Hospitals, northwest, Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

“…Peoples of BMI > 30 were 4.79-folds more likely to develop hypertensive than underweight individuals. This finding is consistent to studies done in Gonder [ 10 ], Jijiga [ 12 ], Bayisa state [ 18 ], Nigeria [ 20 ], Urban Varanasi [ 21 ], Jimma [ 22 ] and Kenya [ 23 ]. The possible explanation is when a person is obese he/she has excess bad cholesterol in blood vessels compared to underweight people and it makes narrow blood vessels and progressively the person develop hypertension due to hormonal effects.…”

“…Peoples of abnormal waist to hip ratio were 2.3 times more likely to develop hypertension in compared to for those having the normal ratio. This finding is concurrent with studies done in Bayisa state [ 18 ], Urban Varanasi [ 21 ], Bedele town [ 13 ], Jimma [ 22 ] and Kenya [ 25 ]. The possible explanation is; waist for hip ratio is the major clinical assessment of central obesity and individuals having abdominal obesity indicate more bad cholesterol in blood vessels and the presence of this fat in blood vessel makes blood vessels narrow and it is the risk for hypertension than compared to persons having the normal ratio.…”

“…The prevalence of hypertension in this study was 27.3% which is comparable to studies done in Gonder 27.9% [ 10 ], Uganda 27.2% [ 17 ] and Jigjiga-Somali Ethiopia 28.3% [ 12 ]. This finding is lower than studies done in Bayelsa State 50.4% [ 18 ], Brazil 29.5% [ 19 ], Nigeria 33.1% [ 20 ], Hossana-Hadiya zone 30% [ 11 ], Urban Varanasi 32.9% [ 21 ]. However, this finding is higher than studies done in Bedele town 22.4% [ 13 ], Durame town 22.4% [ 15 ] and southern Ethiopia 13.2% [ 14 ].…”

Brain Arterio-Venous Malformations Presenting with Seizures and Diagnosed on CT Scan: A Case Report

“…The poor health seeking behaviour which is rampant in our environment 12 remains a source of worry considering that this patient has had two previous episodes of seizures and healthcare was not sought for him.…”

Prevalence of Hypertension Among Fulani Herdsmen in Rural Community of Nigeria

“…Between the year 2000 and 2003, the overall adult occurrence of hypertension in Nigeria was 15-36.6% 5,6,7 . In Nigeria presently, hypertension is increasing rapidly 8 . A range of 13.5%-46.4% was observed among the rural dwellers in Nigeria 9,10 .Also, Omuemu 11 12,13 .…”