Prevalence of hypertension among adolescents: systematic review and meta-analysis

Gonçalves, Vivian Siqueira Santos; Galvão, Taís Freire; Andrade, Keitty Regina Cordeiro de; Dutra, Eliane Said; Bertolin, Maria Natacha Toral; Carvalho, Kênia Mara Baiocchi de; Pereira, Maúrício Gomes

doi:10.1590/s1518-8787.2016050006236

Cited by 28 publications

(35 citation statements)

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“…A systematic review of studies published up to 2008 involving adolescents aged between10–20 from all regions of Brazil (without representation of the North region), estimated that the prevalence of HTN was 8.1% (95.0% CI: 6.2–10.5%) and higher in boys (8.7%; 95.0% CI: 5.8–13.0%) than in girls (6.3%, 95.0% CI: 4.4–9.0%)[ 8 ]. Another review of studies published up to 2012 involving young people aged 10–19 found a similar prevalence: (8.0%; 95.0% CI: 5.0–11.0%), 9.3% (95.0% CI: 5.6–13.6%) in boys and 6.5% 20 (95.0% CI: 4.2–9.1%) in girls [ 5 ]. However, in both reviews, only one study covered the Central-West region of Brazil, which includes the States of Goiás, Mato Grosso, and Mato Grosso do Sul, as well as the Federal District/Brasilia) [ 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

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Association between arterial hypertension and nutritional status in adolescents from Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil

et al. 2017

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IntroductionAdolescents are a population with unique lifestyle challenges, including physical inactivity, inadequate nutrition, and obesity, all of which increase the risk of developing hypertension (HTN). The objective of this study has been to estimate the prevalence of factors associated with hypertension in adolescents in the city of Goiânia City, Central Brazil.MethodsBetween 2013and2014, a cross-sectional population study on cardiovascular risk in adolescents, was conducted with the participation of 1,586 adolescents in 108 classes at 36 schools (public and private) in Goiânia city. All of the adolescents were interviewed to establish their sociodemographic and behavioral characteristics related to hypertension and nutritional status. Anthropometric and blood pressure data were collected following a protocol. A Poisson regression, stratified by gender, was used to verify the factors associated with HTN.ResultsIn this mixed-gender group of 1,586 students, the prevalence of HTN was 6.2% (95% CI: 4.6–8.2%) in girls and 14.0% (95% CI: 10.2–18.8%) in boys—about twice as high in boys as in girls (p <0.001). Obesity was independently associated with HTN in both genders. Being overweight was a risk factor for HTN. In addition, there was a positive correlation between the SBP/SBP percentile and the BMI Z-score/Nutritional status (NS)in both genders. A high prevalence of physical inactivity was also observed in the adolescents investigated, especially in the girls. On the other hand, more boys than girls were found to be obese.ConclusionThe results of this investigation revealed the need for strategies to prevent and control HTN and its risk factors, especially in Brazil's schools. In addition to the constant surveillance of HTN prevalence and risk factors (in particular, being overweight or obese), information should be distributed to promote beneficial health behaviors among adolescents.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…An increasing number of Brazilian adolescents has HTN [ 5 ]. In general, HTN occurs asymptomatically in adolescence, which makes early diagnosis difficult [ 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between arterial hypertension and nutritional status in adolescents from Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil

et al. 2017

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“…22 In a systematic review of studies in Brazilian adolescents, the overall prevalence of hypertension was calculated to be 8%. 23 Among the Indian studies, Prabhajot et al 8 reported prevalence of hypertension as 7.5% in Punjab students in age group of 6-14 years, SavithaM et al 24 17 , with higher systolic and diastolic pressures and significantly higher prevalence of systolic and diastolic pressures in males than females. Increased prevalence of high blood pressure in males than females was reported by Din-Dzietham R et al 31 in children and adolescents in 8-17 years age.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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2019

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Background: Primary hypertension has been now shown to be most common among adolescents, and usually presents as stage I hypertension along with a positive family history. Secondary hypertension has various systemic causes. Objectives: To see epidemiological profile of hypertension and various risk factors in early adolescent school children. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was planned to assess the prevalence of overweight, obesity in school children in early and mid adolescence in different schools in a city in Maharashtra, India was carried out during August 2015 to July 2017. Five districts were selected randomly in Maharashtra. After applying formula 1646 adolescents sample was arrived but since it is an epidemiological study, it was decided to include maximum number of adolescents from the 5 selected schools in 7th, 8th and 9th standard. At the end of data collection, the final sample size was 2496. Descriptive statistics were expressed in Mean+SD, frequencies and percentages, correlation was studied using Pearson's product moment correlation for data with normal distribution. Results: Among the students, 37.9% were of 13 years, 57.8% were males while 42.2% were females. significant association was found between systolic BP and sex, vegetable intake, salt intake frequency, oil intake, physical activity, parental hypertension and BMI. While diastolic hypertension was found significance with salt intake, oil consumption, physical activity, parental hypertension and BMI. Conclusions: Adolescent hypertension also may also show ice berg phenomenon like adult hypertension so we should be very careful with unhealthy lifestyle of our adolescent population so as to avoid development of hypertension in adult life.

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“…In Brazil 21.4% of the population aged > 18 years reported a history of hypertension in the National Health Survey of 2013 . In adolescent students, a systematic review estimated a prevalence of 8% in 10‐ to 19‐year‐olds, and the Study of Cardiovascular Risk in Adolescents (ERICA) estimated a prevalence of 9.6% in 12‐ to 17‐year‐olds . Pediatric hypertension has been demonstrated to be predictive of hypertension in adulthood and cardiovascular and renal diseases …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4 In adolescent students, a systematic review estimated a prevalence of 8% in 10-to 19-year-olds, and the Study of Cardiovascular Risk in Adolescents (ERICA) estimated a prevalence of 9.6% in 12-to 17-year-olds. 5,6 Pediatric hypertension has been demonstrated to be predictive of hypertension in adulthood and cardiovascular and renal diseases. 7 The validity of self-reported hypertension in adults and older adults has been investigated, and epidemiological studies in Brazil and elsewhere have widely used self-reported hypertension data.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accuracy of self‐reported hypertension in Brazilian adolescents: Analysis of the Study of Cardiovascular Risk in Adolescents

Gonçalves

Galvão

Silva

et al. 2018

J of Clinical Hypertension

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Given the high prevalence of hypertension in adolescents, it is important to investigate alternatives for estimating the magnitude of the disease. Our objective was to investigate the accuracy of self-reported hypertension. The study assessed participants of the Study of Cardiovascular Risk in Adolescents (ERICA). The following were calculated: sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV). The associations between inaccurate self-reporting and socioeconomic factors were investigated. The accuracy of self-reported hypertension had a sensitivity of 7.5% (95% CI, 6.9-8.2), a specificity of 96.6% (95% CI, 96.5-96.7), a PPV of 18.9% (95% CI, 17.4-20.5), and a NPV of 90.8% (95% CI, 90.6-91.0). The prevalence of inaccurate self-reported hypertension was smaller among girls (PR 0.68; 95% CI, 0.55-0.83) and younger boys (PR 0.68; 95% CI, 0.54-0.86) who were attending private schools. The use of self-reported hypertension was not a good strategy for investigating the hypertension in adolescents.

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Prevalence of hypertension among adolescents: systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 28 publications

References 39 publications

Association between arterial hypertension and nutritional status in adolescents from Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil

Association between arterial hypertension and nutritional status in adolescents from Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil

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Accuracy of self‐reported hypertension in Brazilian adolescents: Analysis of the Study of Cardiovascular Risk in Adolescents

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