Prevalence of hyperprolactinemia and abnormal magnetic resonance imaging findings in a population with infertility

Souter, Irene; Baltagi, L.M.; Toth, Thomas L.

doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2009.12.017

Cited by 41 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 21 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…A study based on Japanese general population found that the prevalence of hyperprolactinemia among adult female was 0.6% . In infertile population, it was at least 10 times higher than the general population, ranging from 5.2% to 15.7% …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

No impact of treated hyperprolactinemia on cumulative live birth rate and perinatal outcomes in in vitro fertilization‐embryo transfer

Duan

Hou

et al. 2019

J of Obstet and Gynaecol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Aim To investigate whether treated hyperprolactinemia has an impact on pregnancy outcomes in in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection‐embryo transfer (IVF/ICSI‐ET). Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 535 women who underwent IVF/ICSI‐ET between January 2012 and December 2016, of which 123 had treated hyperprolactinemia (case group), 369 were matched controls. Besides, 43 remained hyperprolactinemic after treatment consisted of abnormal group. Cumulative live birth rate (CLBR) after one oocyte retrieval cycle was taken as the primary outcome. A time‐to‐event analysis using Fine and Gray's test was used to compare CLBR between case and control groups. Results The median prolactin level was 80.00 ng/mL before dopamine agonist treatment in case group, and it reduced to 14.80 ng/mL after the treatment, similar to the level of control group (15.17 ng/mL, P = 0.316). No significant differences in baseline characteristics were found between case and control groups. The CLBR after one oocyte retrieval cycle were 69.1% (85/123) and 66.4% (245/369) in the case group and control group, respectively (P = 0.580). No significant differences were found between case and control groups in perinatal outcomes. Pregnancy and perinatal outcomes of abnormal group were similar to those of case and control groups. Conclusion Impact of treated hyperprolactinemia on CLBR and perinatal outcomes in IVF‐ET was not evident.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

No impact of treated hyperprolactinemia on cumulative live birth rate and perinatal outcomes in in vitro fertilization‐embryo transfer

Duan

Hou

et al. 2019

J of Obstet and Gynaecol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In a compilation of three series of infertility women (total 367), approximately one-third had hyperprolactinemia (12). Interestingly, 5.6% of 1328 women with regular menses and no galactorrhea were found to be hyperprolactinemic in a series of 1705 women with infertility, implying that they had ovulatory cycles; however, screening for macroprolactinemia was not done (13). That PRL excess may be important in this type of patient is suggested by the finding that treatment of similar patients with bromocriptine restored fertility (14).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

ENDOCRINOLOGY IN PREGNANCY: Management of the pregnant patient with a prolactinoma

Molitch

2015

European Journal of Endocrinology

142

135

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A woman with a prolactinoma is usually infertile. Dopamine agonists usually restore ovulation and fertility and such treatment generally is preferred over transsphenoidal surgery because of higher efficacy and safety. Cabergoline is usually preferred over bromocriptine because of its better efficacy with fewer adverse effects. Either drug increases the rates of spontaneous abortions, preterm deliveries, multiple births, or congenital malformations over what may be expected. However, the number of pregnancies reporting such experience is about sevenfold greater for bromocriptine. Tumor growth causing significant symptoms and requiring intervention has been reported to occur in 2.4% of those with microadenomas, 21% in those with macroadenomas without prior surgery or irradiation, and 4.7% of those with macroadenomas with prior surgery or irradiation. Visual fields should be assessed periodically during gestation in women with macroadenomas. If significant tumor growth occurs, most patients respond well to reinstitution of the dopamine agonist. Delivery of the baby and placenta can also be considered if the pregnancy is sufficiently advanced. Transsphenoidal debulking of the tumor is rarely necessary. Prolactin and fertilityWomen with hyperprolactinemia usually present with symptoms of galactorrhea, menstrual disorders (usually amenorrhea), and infertility. Hyperprolactinemia decreases luteinizing hormone (LH) pulse amplitude and frequency through suppression of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GNRH) (1, 2). This effect appears to be mediated by an earlier step of suppressing the generation of kisspeptin, a protein made by neurons in the arcuate and periventricular nuclei of the hypothalamus, which stimulates GNRH release (3). Hyperprolactinemia has been associated with loss of the positive estrogen feedback on gonadotropin secretion at mid-cycle (4) but whether this effect is mediated through kisspeptin is not known.Direct prolactin (PRL) effects on ovarian granulosa cells include stimulation of the expression of type 2

show abstract

“…Approximately 50% of cases of nonphysiologic hyperprolactinemia are due to prolactinomas 4 ; a smaller percentage is due to lesions in the pituitary stalk or systemic disorders (Table S1 in the Supplementary Appendix, available with the full text of this article at NEJM.org). 2,3 However, 10 to 60% of patients with hyperprolactinemia who undergo investigation for a pituitary-based lesion have normal findings on MRI of the pituitary gland, 2,3,5,6 and these patients with idiopathic hyperprolactinemia may have a microadenoma below the limit of MRI detection (<2 mm in diameter) or a different cause of the disorder. 2 …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mutant Prolactin Receptor and Familial Hyperprolactinemia

Newey¹,

Gorvin²

2013

N Engl J Med

110

103

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARY Hyperprolactinemia that is not associated with gestation or the puerperium is usually due to tumors in the anterior pituitary gland and occurs occasionally in hereditary multiple endocrine neoplasia syndromes. Here, we report data from three sisters with hyperprolactinemia, two of whom presented with oligomenorrhea and one with infertility. These symptoms were not associated with pituitary tumors or multiple endocrine neoplasia but were due to a heterozygous mutation in the prolactin receptor gene, PRLR, resulting in an amino acid change from histidine to arginine at codon 188 (His188Arg). This substitution disrupted the high-affinity ligand-binding interface of the prolactin receptor, resulting in a loss of downstream signaling by Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 (STAT5). Thus, the familial hyperprolactinemia appears to be due to a germline, loss-of-function mutation in PRLR, resulting in prolactin insensitivity.

show abstract

Prevalence of hyperprolactinemia and abnormal magnetic resonance imaging findings in a population with infertility

Cited by 41 publications

References 21 publications

No impact of treated hyperprolactinemia on cumulative live birth rate and perinatal outcomes in in vitro fertilization‐embryo transfer

No impact of treated hyperprolactinemia on cumulative live birth rate and perinatal outcomes in in vitro fertilization‐embryo transfer

ENDOCRINOLOGY IN PREGNANCY: Management of the pregnant patient with a prolactinoma

Mutant Prolactin Receptor and Familial Hyperprolactinemia

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About