Prevalence of Hyperglycemia, High Blood Pressure, Overweight and Obesity Among Diabetic Adults (19 - 64 Years) in Owerri Municipality, Imo State, Nigeria (P10-067-19)

Abstract

Objectives Diabetes is a chronic health problem, of public health concerned with preventable consequences, affecting people of all ages, race and ethnicity not only in Nigeria, but all over the world. Prevalence of hyperglycemia, high blood pressure, overweight and obesity among diabetic adults (19 - 64 years) in Owerri municipality, Imo state, Nigeria. Methods A cross sectional study design was employed. Three hundred (300) diabetic adults whom have been screened previously and diagnosed as diabetic were randomly selected from three hospitals in Owerri municipal council, Imo state, Nigeria and whose consent were obtained to participate in the study. Biochemical test such as fasting and random blood glucose screening, blood pressure measurement and anthropometric measurement were taken and a structured and validated questionnaire was administered to the subjects to obtain data. Data obtained were subjected to statistical analysis using statistical product for service solution (SPSS) version 22. Results Result: Results show that more than half (60.7%) of the diabetic adults aged 36 to 55 years, 54.5% were male, 45.7% were females. Majority (91.7%) of the diabetic adults had hyperglycemia, 92.0% had high blood pressure, 41.5% had overweight and 27.1% were obese. Prevalence of hyperglycemia increased exponentially with increase in age of diabetic adults (X2 = 12.603; P = 0.050) and significantly (X2 = 45.975; P < 0.001) increased among overweight and obese diabetic adults. There were significant association between increased in age of adult diabetic with high prevalence of overweight and obesity (X2 = 20.564; P = 0.015) and increased in high blood pressure (X2 = 26.747; P = 0.002). Conclusions In conclusion this study shows high prevalence of hyperglycemia, high blood pressure, overweight/obesity among diabetic adults. There were significant association between increased in age (middle to older adults), overweight/obesity, hyperglycemia and high blood pressure of diabetic adults in the study area. Funding Sources Self funded by the author.

Prevalence of Obesity and Overweight among Staff at Technical Institute-Swaira in Middle Technical University

“…Unhealthy eating patterns, such as a high consumption of sugar-sweetened soft drinks, snacks and sweets, and a low intake of fruit and vegetable portions as well as the habit of skipping breakfast, were related to overweight. Overweight and Obesity are associated with high consumption of caloric dense foods particularly fat, sugar or junk foods, physical inactivity and host of other causes [8].…”

Prevalence of hypertension and obesity among non-academic staff in a Nigerian University

“…2 The upsurge of overweight and obesity among the adult workforce has become a global public health concern, and is accompanied by a higher risk of type II diabetes, coronary heart disease, and stroke which leads to substantial healthcare costs, reduced work productivity, and losses due to inability to work. 5,20,21 Among University staff in Nigeria, there is a continued increase in the prevalence of obesity, which may be attributed to the nature of their work, yet poor knowledge of the condition is reported among non-academic employees or workers in a Nigerian university setting. 22,23 In suggesting evidence-based context for government and other health policy planners on strategies to reduce this burden in low-resource settings like Nigeria, it is important to have detailed up-to-date information on the prevalence of hypertension to match this with available resources.…”

“…4 The World Health Organization (WHO) defines hypertension as systolic blood pressure (SBP) ≥140mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) ≥90mmHg. 2 On the other hand, overweight and obesity are the leading cause of preventable illness and death in the world today including Nigeria, 5 and poses a significant risk leading to chronic health conditions, thus increasing the overall disease burden. 6 Overweight and obesity are the fifth largest risk for global deaths, and one-third of the world's adult population is either overweight or obese.…”

“…14 Obesity and overweight pose numerous psychological, social and economic threats. 15 Anoshirike et al, 5 reported increased risk of temporary work loss such as sick leave and reduced productivity while at work as risk factors of overweight and obesity. In addition to the social and psychological burden of obesity, obesity could result in chronic health conditions such as hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, gallstones, and respiratory system problems.…”

“…Omer 10 in an in-depth review identified the contributing factors of overweight and obesity to include; energy imbalance, reduced physical activity, low socioeconomic status, etc. Anoshirike et al, 5 also reported that being overweight can be caused by unhealthy eating patterns, such as high consumption of sugar-sweetened soft drinks, snacks, and sweets, low consumption of fruit and vegetable, and habit of skipping breakfast. Hruby and Hu 18 opined that the surge in the prevalence of obesity in low-and middle-income countries (LMIC) has generally been a result of rapid industrialization and the adaptation of sedentary lifestyles as they improve economically.…”