Prevalence of hyoid injuries in dogs and cats undergoing computed tomography

Exertional myopathy and hyoid luxation in a greyhound

“…In the symptomatic case, clinical signs resolved when acute oedema and haemorrhage subsided. 1 This correlates well with this case as the coughing in our greyhound resolved within a few days of the initial injury. In both this case and that documented by Rutha, 1 the clinical signs were apparent during the acute stage of the injury when soft tissue damage was likely to be most marked, and quickly subsided, despite the imaging evidence of persistence of the mechanical disruption to the hyoid apparatus.…”

“…Hyoid trauma is infrequently diagnosed in dogs, though a recent report suggests it may often be overlooked. 1 A single case report describes luxation of unknown cause between the ceratohyoid and epihyoid bones-an identical injury to this case. In that case report, the diagnosis was made via radiography, rather than MRI, as the authors did.…”

“…Little information concerning management of dogs affected by exercise‐induced myopathy is available, and the MRI features of this disease are not described in the veterinary literature. Hyoid trauma is infrequently diagnosed in dogs, though a recent report suggests it may often be overlooked 1. A single case report describes luxation of unknown cause between the ceratohyoid and epihyoid bones—an identical injury to this case.…”

“…Both hyoid fracture and luxation can be an incidental, apparently asymptomatic finding. 1 One report, documenting nine cases of hyoid luxation or fracture, found that only one dog had shown any clinical signs referable to the larynx (in that case, dyspnoea). The other dogs had all been imaged for unrelated reasons and the hyoid injury discovered incidentally.…”

“…Clinical signs include prehension difficulty, dysphagia, cough, dyspnoea, stridor, dysphonia and tongue deviation in cases of unilateral injury (for which a hypoglossal nerve lesion is an important differential). Both hyoid fracture and luxation can be an incidental, apparently asymptomatic finding 1. One report, documenting nine cases of hyoid luxation or fracture, found that only one dog had shown any clinical signs referable to the larynx (in that case, dyspnoea).…”