Prevalence of hydrogen peroxide-producing Lactobacillus species in normal women and women with bacterial vaginosis

Eschenbach, David A.; Davick, Pamela; Williams, Brent L.; Klebanoff, Seymour J.; Young-Smith, Karen; Critchlow, CW; Holmes, King K.

doi:10.1128/jcm.27.2.251-256.1989

Cited by 607 publications

(255 citation statements)

References 33 publications

(34 reference statements)

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“…The findings showed that L. acidophilus cannot be regarded as the sole dominant urogenital lactobacilli in healthy wornen, in agreement with other smaller studies [12]. The overall distribution of species differs from those reported elsewhere [3,12], and this may be due to their low numbers of women (28 and 23 respectively) investigated by these workers.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

“…There was no correlation between hydrogen peroxide production and plasmid profile. It has been suggested that the expression of hydrogen peroxide is a major contributor in disease prevention [3], however, this remains to be proven. Two strains, L. casei subsp.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many studies have shown a correlation between a loss or disruption of the normal genital microflora, in particular Lactobacillus species, and an increased incidence of genital and bladder infections. These have included studies which have indicated that antimicrobial agents, and spermicidal products, such as gregate with other urogenital bacteria to form a balanced integrated microbial community [3,9,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identification and plasmid profiles of Lactobacillus species from the vagina of 100 healthy women

Reid¹

1996

FEMS Immunology and Medical Microbiology

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It was hypothesized that Lactobacillus acidophilus might not be the dominant aerobic or microaerophilic Lactobacillus species in the human vagina, and that the dominant isolates are likely to express a variety of properties associated with colonization. To examine the question, vaginal swabs were collected from 100 healthy premenopausal women and cultured to detect the dominant aerobic or microaerophilic isolates of Lactobacillus. Only eight species were detected, with Lactobacillus jensenii being the dominant colonizers in the highest number (35) of women. Twelve different plasmid profiles were found amongst the isolates, but there was no association between plasmids and vaginal colonization or hydrogen peroxide production. Of the strains tested, few were resistant to the spermicidal agent nonoxynol-9. The data identify species within which strains may possess properties associated with maintenance of a healthy vaginal ecology.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identification and plasmid profiles of Lactobacillus species from the vagina of 100 healthy women

Reid¹

1996

FEMS Immunology and Medical Microbiology

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“…The pH is a critical environmental parameter for the regulation of the vaginal ecosystem. An imbalance of the ordinary vaginal microbiota usually causes vaginal pH to increase over 4.5, thereby creating a favorable local milieu to the growth of potentially pathogenic bacteria [39]. To the best of our knowledge, no studies investigating the effect of the pH on the silver antimicrobial efficiency are available in literature.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silver Sucrose Octasulfate (IASOS™) as a Valid Active Ingredient into a Novel Vaginal Gel against Human Vaginal Pathogens: In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity Assessment

Marianelli

Petrucci

Comelli³

et al. 2014

PLoS ONE

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This in vitro study assessed the antimicrobial properties of a novel octasilver salt of Sucrose Octasulfate (IASOS) as well as of an innovative vaginal gel containing IASOS (SilSOS Femme), against bacterial and yeast pathogens isolated from human clinical cases of symptomatic vaginal infections. In BHI and LAPT culture media, different ionic silver concentrations and different pHs were tested. IASOS exerted a strong antimicrobial activity towards all the pathogens tested in both culture media. The results demonstrated that salts and organic compounds present in the culture media influenced IASOS efficacy only to a moderate extent. Whereas comparable MBCs (Minimal Bactericidal Concentrations) were observed for G. vaginalis (10 mg/L Ag+), E. coli and E. aerogenes (25 mg/L Ag+) in both media, higher MBCs were found for S. aureus and S. agalactiae in LAPT cultures (50 mg/L Ag+ versus 25 mg/L Ag+). No minimal concentration totally inhibiting the growth of C. albicans was found. Nevertheless, in both media at the highest ionic silver concentrations (50–200 mg/L Ag+), a significant 34–52% drop in Candida growth was observed. pH differently affected the antimicrobial properties of IASOS against bacteria or yeasts; however, a stronger antimicrobial activity at pH higher than the physiological pH was generally observed. It can be therefore concluded that IASOS exerts a bactericidal action against all the tested bacteria and a clear fungistatic action against C. albicans. The antimicrobial activity of the whole vaginal gel SilSOS Femme further confirmed the antimicrobial activity of IASOS. Overall, our findings support IASOS as a valid active ingredient into a vaginal gel.

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“…It has been suggested that H 2 O 2 -producing vaginal lactobacilli may prevent infection of the vaginal epithelium by bacteria that cause BV. Eschenbach et al [17] isolated facultative H 2 O 2 -producing vaginal lactobacilli from 27 (96%) of 28 women without BV, and from four (6%) of 67 women with BV (p <0.001). In a study of pregnant women by Hillier et al [20], H 2 O 2 -producing lactobacilli were isolated from 5% of women with BV (based on the Nugent score) and from 61% of those with a normal microbiota (p <0.001).…”

Section: H a N G E S I N V A G I N A L M I C R O B I O T A D U R I mentioning

confidence: 99%

Probiotics for the treatment of women with bacterial vaginosis

Falagas

Betsi

Athanasiou

2007

Clinical Microbiology and Infection

212

125

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This review considers whether probiotics are effective agents for the treatment and/or prevention of bacterial vaginosis (BV). There seems to be an association between the absence of, or low concentrations of, vaginal lactobacilli and the development of BV. Many studies have suggested that the presence of H2O2-producing vaginal lactobacilli may protect against BV, although some studies do not support this hypothesis. In-vitro studies have suggested that certain specific strains of lactobacilli are able to inhibit the adherence of Gardnerella vaginalis to the vaginal epithelium and/or produce H2O2, lactic acid and/or bacteriocins, which inhibit the growth of bacteria causing BV. Clinical trials showed that intra-vaginal administration of Lactobacillus acidophilus for 6-12 days, or oral administration of L. acidophilus or Lactobacillus rhamnosus GR-1 and Lactobacillus fermentum RC-14 for 2 months, resulted in the cure of BV (defined as a 0-1 positive score according to Amsel's criteria), and/or reduced the recurrences of BV, and/or caused an increase in vaginal lactobacilli and restoration of a normal vaginal microbiota, significantly more frequently than did a placebo, acetic acid or no treatment. However, several trials have found no significant difference in the cure rate of BV and in the number of vaginal lactobacilli after intra-vaginal instillation of lactobacilli when compared with the effect of a placebo or oestrogen. Thus, although the available results concerning the effectiveness of the administration of lactobacilli for the treatment of BV are mostly positive, it cannot yet be concluded definitively that probiotics are useful for this purpose.

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Prevalence of hydrogen peroxide-producing Lactobacillus species in normal women and women with bacterial vaginosis

Cited by 607 publications

References 33 publications

Identification and plasmid profiles of Lactobacillus species from the vagina of 100 healthy women

Identification and plasmid profiles of Lactobacillus species from the vagina of 100 healthy women

Silver Sucrose Octasulfate (IASOS™) as a Valid Active Ingredient into a Novel Vaginal Gel against Human Vaginal Pathogens: In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity Assessment

Probiotics for the treatment of women with bacterial vaginosis

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