Prevalence of Human T Cell Leukaemia Virus amongst Blood Donors

Chaudhari, CN; Shah, Trushar; Misra, Ranjita

doi:10.1016/s0377-1237(09)80052-x

Cited by 6 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…They range from 0% to 3.6% in Africa and from 0% to 1.5% in the Americas (with a peak of 2% in some Caribbean islands) . In Australia, the prevalence ranges from 0.001% to 0.3% and in Asia from 0% to 1.9%, while in Europe it ranges from 0% to 2.12% . This last figure, reported in the Netherlands in 1993, decreased to 0.41% in the period 2001 to 2010; moreover, in 1994, Zaaijer and coworkers showed a reduction of the seroprevalence rate from 0.13% to 0.002% after WB confirmatory testing.…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 94%

Human T‐lymphotropic virus and transfusion safety: does one size fit all?

Marano¹,

Vaglio

Pupella³

et al. 2015

Transfusion

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Human T-cell leukemia viruses (HTLV-1 and HTLV-2) are associated with a variety of human diseases, including some severe ones. Transfusion transmission of HTLV through cellular blood components is undeniable. HTLV screening of blood donations became mandatory in different countries to improve the safety of blood supplies. In Japan and Europe, most HTLV-infected donors are HTLV-1 positive, whereas in the United States a higher prevalence of HTLV-2 is reported. Many industrialized countries have also introduced universal leukoreduction of blood components, and pathogen inactivation technologies might be another effective preventive strategy, especially if and when generalized to all blood cellular products. Considering all measures available to minimize HTLV blood transmission, the question is what would be the most suitable and cost-effective strategy to ensure a high level of blood safety regarding these viruses, considering that there is no solution that can be deemed optimal for all countries.

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Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 94%

Human T‐lymphotropic virus and transfusion safety: does one size fit all?

Marano¹,

Vaglio

Pupella³

et al. 2015

Transfusion

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“…Differences in diagnostic kits, geographical conditions, and demographic status of the subjects can affect the results of studies in different parts of the country. The seroprevalence rates of HTLV infections in blood donors in some countries are as follows: 0% in Turkey (Izmir) [71] and Lebanon [72], 0.005% in the UK [73] ‚ 0.002% in Sweden [74], 0.01-0.03% in the USA and Canada, 0.002% in Norway, 0.0056% in Greece [75], 1.9% in India [76], and 0.08-8% in Japan [77]. Blood banks of some countries, such as those of the UK, the USA, Canada, and Japan, routinely screen all blood donations for HTLV-I/II.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Infectious Threats to the Blood Supply: Seroepidemiological Studies in Iran - a Review

Karimi

Gharehbaghian²,

Tafti³

et al. 2013

Transfus Med Hemother

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The risk of transfusion-transmitted infections has been greatly reduced by improvements in donor screening and testing. However, newly recognized blood-borne infectious agents can be threats to blood safety. In order to evaluate the prevalence some of these agents in blood donors, a systematic review was conducted. Data were obtained from published papers related to HGV, Torque Teno virus (TTV), HTLV, West Nile virus (WNV) and SEN virus (SEN-V). Based on these studies, the prevalence of HGV varied from 1 to 8.6% for anti-E2 and from 0 to 4.8% for HGV RNA. The prevalence of TTV DNA and HTLV-I varied from 2.7 to 79.5% and from 0.013 to 2.3%, respectively. The WNV-specific IgM antibody and WNV RNA are negative in blood donors. Prevalence rates of SEN-V in Iranian blood donors range from 23 to 90.8%. Consequences of these infectious agents for blood safety are different. Thus, the need to perform laboratory screening as well as effectiveness and efficiency of laboratory tests depend on pathogenicity level and epidemiological conditions of emerging infections. However, being prepared based on the current level of risk and interventions to reduce the risk can be effective in reducing the potential threat for blood supply.

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“…The low prevalence obtained in this study is comparable to the finding in Europe where HTLV-1 infection is not endemic. For instance, the prevalence of HTLV-1 infection among blood donors was 0.03% in the USA, 14 0.011% in France, 14 0.005% in Britain, 15 and 0.002% in Norway. 15 The finding of this study calls to question the assertion that HTLV-1 is endemic in tropical Africa, at least in Eastern Nigeria.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Norway, a seroprevalence of more than eight in 100,000 blood donors was used as the basis for routine screening of blood donors for HTLV-1 infection. 14 , 15 However, Nigeria is yet to establish its own critical seroprevalence for HTLV-1 infection. In every endemic population, there is an increase of HTLV-1 seroprevalence with age, especially among women.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence of human T-cell lymphoma/leukemia virus type-1 (HTLV-1) antibodies among blood donors at Enugu, Nigeria

Okoye

Ibegbulam

Onoh

et al. 2015

JBM

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BackgroundHuman T-cell lymphotrophic/leukemia virus (HTLV-1) is a retrovirus implicated in transfusion-transmitted infection.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of HTLV-1 antibodies among blood donors at the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu, Eastern Nigeria.MethodsA cross-sectional study was carried out on consented participants over 4 months. A total of 300 blood donors were recruited consecutively from the blood bank. The serum of the collected 5 mL of blood obtained from each participant was stored at −20°C until required for analysis. The serum samples were then analyzed for antibodies to HTLV-1 using a one-step incubation double-antigen sandwich ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) kit. Participants’ demographic characteristics and degree of exposure to the risk factors associated with HTLV-1 infection were captured using a questionnaire. Statistical analysis of results was done using SPSS version 17.ResultsOf the 300 blood donors, 288 (96%) were male, while 12 (4%) were female. The average age of the blood donors was 26.85±8.52 years. The age group with the highest representation among the blood donors were those aged between 21 and 25 years. Only 22.3% of the blood donors were above 30 years. None of the 300 screened blood donors tested positive to HTLV-1 antibodies. Hence, the seroprevalence of HTLV-1 infection among blood donors was 0%. Of the blood donors, 5% had history of previous sexually transmitted disease, while 34.7% used condoms during sexual intercourse.ConclusionThe seroprevalence obtained in this study cannot statistically support the justification of routine screening of blood donors for HTLV-1 infection. More prospective and multicentered studies are required to determine the infectivity of HTLV-1 in blood donors in Nigeria.

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Prevalence of Human T Cell Leukaemia Virus amongst Blood Donors

Cited by 6 publications

References 15 publications

Human T‐lymphotropic virus and transfusion safety: does one size fit all?

Human T‐lymphotropic virus and transfusion safety: does one size fit all?

Emerging Infectious Threats to the Blood Supply: Seroepidemiological Studies in Iran - a Review

Seroprevalence of human T-cell lymphoma/leukemia virus type-1 (HTLV-1) antibodies among blood donors at Enugu, Nigeria

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