Prevalence of human papillomavirus infection in esophageal and cervical cancers in the high incidence area for the two diseases from 2007 to 2009 in Linzhou of Henan Province, Northern China

Abstract

The etiological role of human papillomavirus (HPV) in cervical cancer has been well established. However, it is inconclusive whether HPV plays the same role in esophageal carcinogenesis. In this study, we detected HPV infection in 145 frozen esophageal tissues, including 30 normal epithelium (ENOR), 37 dysplasia (DYS) and 78 invasive squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), and in 143 frozen cervical tissues composed of 30 normal epithelium (CNOR), 38 intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and 75 invasive squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC). The patients and symptom-free subjects enrolled in this study were from a high-incidence area for both ESCC and CSCC, Linzhou City, Northern China, from 2007 to 2009. The HPV infection analysis was conducted by using an HPV GenoArray Test Kit. We found that the high-risk HPV types accounted for more than 90 % of the HPV-positive lesions of esophagus and cervix tissues. The prevalence of high-risk HPV types increased significantly during the progression of both esophageal and cervical carcinogenesis (positive rate in esophageal tissues: 33 % ENOR, 70 % in DYS and 69 % in ESCC; positive rate in cervical tissues: 27 % in CNOR, 82 % in CIN and 88 % in CSCC; P < 0.001, respectively). Infection with the high-risk HPV types increased the risk for both DYS and ESCC by 4-fold (DYS vs. ENOR: OR = 4.73, 95 %CI = 1.68-13.32; ESCC vs. ENOR: OR = 4.50, 95 %CI = 1.83-11.05) and increased the risk for both CIN and CSCC by 12-fold and 20-fold (CIN vs. CNOR: OR = 12.18, 95 %CI = 3.85-38.55; CSCC vs. CNOR: OR = 20.17, 95 %CI = 6.93-58.65), respectively. The prevalence of high-risk types in ESCC patients was lower than that in CSCC patients (P = 0.005) and was significantly associated with the degree of ESCC tumor infiltration (P = 0.001). HPV 16 was the most prevalent subtype in both esophageal and cervical tissues. Single HPV infection increased significantly along with the progression of ESCC and maintained a high level in cervical tissues, regardless of whether they were CNOR or CSCC tissues. Our results showed that infection with HPV, especially the high-risk types, was positively associated with both esophageal and cervical cancers, suggesting that HPV also plays a role in the etiology of ESCC in the high-incidence area.

Integration sites of human papillomavirus 18 in esophageal cancer samples

“…The HPV positivity rate of 168/189 observed in the present study is atypically high, comparing with previous studies in esophageal cancer (10,18). This result indicated that the prevalence of HPV infection for esophageal cancer in the Tangshan area, and, taken in combination with previous studies (6-10), evidence indicates HPV may serve an etiological role in esophageal cancer.…”

Genotype Distribution of Human Papillomavirus in Women with Abnormal Cervical Cytology in an Esophageal Carcinoma High Incidence Area of China

“…The incidence of cervical cancer was estimated about 8.7/100, 000 in females and accounts about 6.3% of all female cancer in China (Kim et al, 2009;Guo et al, 2012;Wangesophageal SCC (ESCC) and cervical SCC (CSCC) have similar multi-stage histopathological progression pattern: from normal mucosa to dysplasia, carcinoma in situ, and invasive carcinoma. Moreover, the predilection site of both ESCC and CSCC is the junction of the squamous and columnar epithelium (Liu et al, 2014). Those similarities supported that common environment risk factors might have etiologic effect on both ESCC and CSCC.…”

“…Furthermore, the HPV as oncogenes or co-factors in the carcinogenesis of EC has been reported in the last 30 years (Petrick et al, 2014), especially combinative study of HPV infection rate on EC and cervical cancer tumor samples in geographic areas with a high incidence of EC (Zhang et al, 2010;Liu et al, 2014). According to epidemiologic classification, at least 15 oncogenic HPV types were found in cervical precancerous lesions and carcinoma, of which HPV16 and HPV18 were the most prevalent high-risk types worldwide, whereas HPV-58 has been found in a relatively higher proportion in eastern Asia .…”

Prevalence of Human Papillomavirus 16 in Esophageal Cancer Among the Chinese Population: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

“…Furthermore, eight studies were excluded because of the limited number. In total, we included 26 eligible studies in the meta-analysis (Cao et al, 2005;Yang et al, 2005;Dai et al, 2007;He et al, 2007;Shuyama et al, 2007;Zhou et al, 2007;Chen et al, 2008;Li et al, 2008;Liu et al, 2008;Lu et al, 2008;Zhao et al, 2009;Liu et al, 2010;Koshiol et al, 2010;Wang et al, 2010;Ayshamgul et al, 2011;Han et al, 2011;Zhang et al, 2011;Guo et al, 2012;Hu et al, 2012;Qu et al, 2012;Liu et al, 2013;Zhang et al, 2013;Cui et al, 2014;Liu et al, 2014).…”