Prevalence of human papillomavirus infection in women in Turin, Italy

Ronco, Guglielmo; Ghisetti, Valeria; Segnan, Nereo; Snijders, Peter J.F.; Gillio-Tos, Anna; Meijer, Chris J.L.M.; Merletti, Franco; Franceschi, Silvia

doi:10.1016/j.ejca.2004.07.005

Cited by 91 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(50 reference statements)

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“…This decrease may be related to several factors that have been discussed in detail in the literature (Jacobs et al, 2000b;Castle et al, 2006). The observed relationship between hrHPV prevalence and age is in agreement with data from several European and North American studies (Jacobs et al, 2000a;Sellors et al, 2000;de Sanjose et al, 2003;Castle et al, 2005;Ronco et al, 2005;Manhart et al, 2006). In our large data set, we did not find a second hrHPV peak at age beyond 45 years as detected in several Latin American countries (Franceschi et al, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Age-dependent prevalence of 14 high-risk HPV types in the Netherlands: implications for prophylactic vaccination and screening

et al. 2008

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We determined the prevalence of type-specific hrHPV infections in the Netherlands on cervical scrapes of 45 362 women aged 18 -65 years. The overall hrHPV prevalence peaked at the age of 22 with peak prevalence of 24%. Each of the 14 hrHPV types decreased significantly with age (P-values between 0.0009 and 0.03). The proportion of HPV16 in hrHPV-positive infections also decreased with age (OR ¼ 0.76 (10-year scale), 95% CI ¼ 0.67 -0.85), and a similar trend was observed for HPV16 when selecting hrHPV-positive women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or worse (CIN2 þ ) (OR ¼ 0.76, 95% CI ¼ 0.56 -1.01). In women eligible for routine screening (age 29 -61 years) with confirmed CIN2 þ , 65% was infected with HPV16 and/or HPV18. When HPV16/18-positive infections in women eligible for routine screening were discarded, the positive predictive value of cytology for the detection of CIN2 þ decreased from 27 to 15%, the positive predictive value of hrHPV testing decreased from 26 to 15%, and the predictive value of a double-positive test (positive HPV test and a positive cytology) decreased from 54 to 41%. In women vaccinated against HPV16/18, screening remains important to detect cervical lesions caused by non-HPV16/18 types. To maintain a high-positive predictive value, screening algorithms must be carefully re-evaluated with regard to the screening modalities and length of the screening interval. British Journal of Cancer (2008) . Prophylactic vaccines are now available that are effective against incident and persistent HPV16 and 18 infections (Koutsky et al, 2002;Munoz et al, 2003;Harper et al, 2006; Villa et al, 2006). Mass vaccination can have a substantial impact on the cervical cancer incidence, even in developed countries where the incidence is already low because of implementation of organised cervical screening. To make a well-judged decision about the future role of both vaccination and screening in cervical cancer prevention, detailed information about type-specific hrHPV distribution is required. Data on hrHPV prevalence and type distribution in the Netherlands have been reported previously, but only for a relatively small cohort of 3305 women (Jacobs et al, 2000a;Clifford et al, 2005). To obtain reliable estimates of the hrHPV type distribution in relation to age, both for women with normal and for women with abnormal cytology, data from a far larger cohort are needed. In this study, we determined the age-dependent prevalence of 14 hrHPV types and the age-dependent type distribution within hrHPV-positive women from a cohort of 45 362 women in the Netherlands aged 18 -65 years. The results from the current study give an impression of the potential benefits that can be achieved from HPV16/18 vaccination. They can also be used to gain insight into the effects of partial cross-protection against HPV types 31 and 45 (Harper et al, 2006). Furthermore, the figures will serve as inputs for simulation models in which different vaccination and screening strategies will be compared. MATERIALS AND METHOD...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Age-dependent prevalence of 14 high-risk HPV types in the Netherlands: implications for prophylactic vaccination and screening

et al. 2008

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“…The corresponding percentages in IARC surveys in Asia and Africa were less than 14% (Shin et al, 2003;Thomas et al, 2004). The predominance of HPV 16 in the Indian population is similar to that found with the same PCR-assay in Europe (32.6%, Ronco et al, 2005) and Latin America (22.0%, Molano et al, 2002). Of note, a high proportion (63.2%) of cervical cancer specimens was also found to be positive for HPV 16 in India .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

“…HPV prevalence shows different patterns of infection by age in different populations. Much higher HPV prevalences were generally found below age 25 (Molano et al, 2002;Shin et al, 2003;Peto et al, 2004) or 35 years (Ronco et al, 2005) than above these ages, but in a very high HPVprevalence area (Ibadan, Nigeria), the proportion of HPV-positive women was similar in all 10-year age groups between 15 and 65 years or more (Thomas et al, 2004).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Papillomavirus infection in rural women in southern India

Rajkumar²,

et al. 2005

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To investigate the prevalence of, and the risk factors for, cervical infection with 44 types of human papillomavirus (HPV) in a rural area in the Dindigul District, Tamil Nadu, India, we interviewed and obtained cervical cell samples from 1891 married women aged 16 -59 years. HPV prevalence was 16.9% overall and 14.0% among women without cervical abnormalities, or 17.7 and 15.2%, respectively, age-standardised to the world standard population. In all, 21.9% of infections involved more than one HPV type. High-risk HPV types predominated, particularly HPV 16 (22.5% of women infected), followed by HPV 56, HPV 31, HPV 33 and HPV 18. Unlike most populations studied in developed countries, HPV prevalence was constant across the age groups. HPV positivity was inversely associated with education level (odds ratio (OR) among women with high school vs no education ¼ 0.6) and positively associated with widowhood and divorce (OR ¼ 1.7), nulligravidity (OR ¼ 2.3), and condom use (OR ¼ 2.6). It is unclear how much low clearance of, or frequent reinfection with HPV accounted for the study prevalence of infection in different age groups.

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“…In conclusion, our study allowed the disclosure of a high prevalence of HPV and an age-specific prevalence curve that is in sharp contrast with the peak in HPV prevalence below age 25 years observed in Europe Peto et al, 2004;Ronco et al, 2005) and North America (Bauer et al, 1993). HPV prevalence in China…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…In order to understand the potential impact of HPV vaccination and HPV-based screening, epidemiological data on HPV type-specific prevalence among women from different populations is important. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has therefore carried out surveys in representative samples of women worldwide (Jacobs et al, 2000;LazcanoPonce et al, 2001;Molano et al, 2002;Anh et al, 2003;de Sanjosé et al, 2003;Matos et al, 2003;Shin et al, 2003;Sukvirach et al, 2003;Ferreccio et al, 2004;Shin et al, 2004;Thomas et al, 2004;Franceschi et al, 2005;Ronco et al, 2005). These surveys have disclosed wide variations in HPV prevalence and some in the relative frequency of individual HPV types .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Human papillomavirus infection in Shanxi Province, People's Republic of China: a population-based study

et al. 2006

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To investigate the prevalence of, and risk factors for, cervical infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) in the rural province of Shanxi, People's Republic of China, which has relatively high cervical cancer mortality rates, we interviewed and obtained cervical cell samples from 662 women aged 15 -59 years. A total of 24 different HPV types were identified using a GP5 þ /6 þ -based PCR assay able to detect 44 different HPV types. Human papillomavirus prevalence was 14.8% overall and 9.6% among women without cervical abnormalities (14.2 and 8.9%, respectively, age standardised to the world standard population). Multiple-type infections accounted for 30.6% of all infections. By far the most commonly found type was HPV16 (5.7% of all women and 38.8% of HPV-positive women), followed by HPV 58, 52, 33 and 18. Unlike most previous studies published, HPV prevalence was lower among women younger than 35 years (8.7%) than those older than 35 years (17.8%). High-risk HPV types predominated in all age groups. Although low-risk HPV types were rare in young women, they became more common with increasing age. 92.3% of women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 were infected with high-risk HPV types, but none with low-risk types only. No significant difference in HPV positivity was observed by educational level, sexual habits, reproductive history or use of contraceptive methods in this rural lowincome Chinese population.

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Prevalence of human papillomavirus infection in women in Turin, Italy

Cited by 91 publications

References 29 publications

Age-dependent prevalence of 14 high-risk HPV types in the Netherlands: implications for prophylactic vaccination and screening

Age-dependent prevalence of 14 high-risk HPV types in the Netherlands: implications for prophylactic vaccination and screening

Papillomavirus infection in rural women in southern India

Human papillomavirus infection in Shanxi Province, People's Republic of China: a population-based study

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