Prevalence of Human Herpesvirus 8 Infection Measured by Antibodies to a Latent Nuclear Antigen in Patients With Various Dermatologic Diseases

Dupin, Nicolas; Marcelin, Anne–Geneviève; Gorin, Isabelle; Bossi, Philippe; Franck, N.; Weill, Bernard; Huraux, Jean‐Marie; Escande, Jean-Paul; Cálvez, Vincent

doi:10.1001/archderm.134.6.700

Cited by 31 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(25 reference statements)

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“…Using IFA, HHV-8 antibodies were found in 16/16 French KS patients but in only 3/83 patients with non-KS dermatologic diseases and in 2/100 healthy controls 39 . Likewise, only 5/ 169 (3%) of HIV negative patients from Honduras were found to be HHV-8 positive when using a cutoff point of 1:40 40 .…”

Section: Epidemiology Of Hhv-8 Infection -Serological Datamentioning

confidence: 97%

Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) and the etiopathogenesis of Kaposi's sarcoma

Leão¹,

Caterino–de–Araujo

Porter

et al. 2002

Rev. Hosp. Clin.

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OBJECTIVE: To review the current literature on human herpesvirus 8 with particular attention to the aspects related to the etiopathogenesis of Kaposi's sarcoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The authors searched original research and review articles on specific aspects of human herpesvirus 8 infection, including virology, epidemiology, transmission, diagnosis, natural history, therapy, and Kaposi's sarcoma etiopathogenesis. The relevant material was evaluated and reviewed. RESULTS: Human herpesvirus 8 is a recently discovered DNA virus that is present throughout the world but with major geographic variation. In the Western world, the virus, transmitted mainly by means of sexual contact, is strongly associated with Kaposi's sarcoma and body cavity-based lymphoma and more controversially with multiple myeloma and other non-proliferative disorders. There is no specific effective treatment, but HIV protease inhibitors may play an indirect role in the clearance of human herpesvirus 8 DNA from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of HIV-infected patients. Human herpesvirus 8 DNA is present in saliva, but there are as yet no documented cases of nosocomial transmission to health care workers. The prevalence of human herpesvirus 8 among health care workers is probably similar to that in the general population. CONCLUSION: Human herpesvirus 8 appears to be, at least in Western Europe and United States, restricted to a population at risk of developing Kaposi's sarcoma. Human herpesvirus 8 certainly has the means to overcome cellular control and immune responses and thus predispose carriers to malignancy, particularly Kaposi's sarcoma. The wide diffusion of Human herpesvirus 8 in classic Kaposi's sarcoma areas appears to represent an important factor in the high incidence of the disease. However, additional co-factors are likely to play a role in the development of Kaposi's sarcoma.

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Section: Epidemiology Of Hhv-8 Infection -Serological Datamentioning

confidence: 97%

Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) and the etiopathogenesis of Kaposi's sarcoma

Leão¹,

Caterino–de–Araujo

Porter

et al. 2002

Rev. Hosp. Clin.

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“…It could well be that the patients from Texas have a similar heritage and that there is no cause and effect between HHV-8 and pemphigus, but both have a high frequency in this unique population that traces its origin to the Mediterranean basin. Other investigators have failed to identify an association between KSHV infection and pemphigus (20,45,81,83). …”

Section: Hhv-8 In Patients With Pemphigusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectrum of Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus, or Human Herpesvirus 8, Diseases

Ablashi¹,

Chatlynne²,

Whitman³

et al. 2002

Clin Microbiol Rev

275

182

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Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8), also known as Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), discovered in 1994, is a human rhadinovirus (gamma-2 herpesvirus). Unlike other human herpesviruses (herpes simplex virus, Epstein-Barr virus, varicella-zoster virus, cytomegalovirus, HHV-6, and HHV-7), it is not widespread in the general population and has many unique proteins. HHV-8 is strongly associated with all subtypes of Kaposi's sarcoma (KS), multicentric Castleman's disease, and a rare form of B-cell lymphoma, primary effusion lymphoma. In addition, HHV-8 DNA sequences have been found in association with other diseases, but the role of the virus in these diseases is largely unconfirmed and remains controversial. The seroprevalence of HHV-8, based on detection of latent and lytic proteins, is 2 to 5% in healthy donors except in certain geographic areas where the virus is endemic, 80 to 95% in classic KS patients, and 40 to 50% in HIV-1 patients without KS. This virus can be transmitted both sexually and through body fluids (e.g., saliva and blood). HHV-8 is a transforming virus, as evidenced by its presence in human malignancies, by the in vitro transforming properties of several of its viral genes, and by its ability to transform some primary cells in culture. It is not, however, sufficient for transformation, and other cofactors such as immunosuppressive cytokines are involved in the development of HHV-8-associated malignancies. In this article, we review the biology, molecular virology, epidemiology, transmission, detection methods, pathogenesis, and antiviral therapy of this newly discovered human herpesvirus

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“…Latency is characterized by the expression of a small subset of viral genes (12,25,26,43). The latency-associated nuclear antigen (LANA) has been detected in almost all KSHV-infected cells by immunofluorescence and is characterized by a punctate nuclear pattern (13,24,34,41,43). cDNA library screening with serum from a human herpesvirus 8-positive patient identified LANA as the product of viral gene open reading frame 73 (ORF73) (25,26,43).…”

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confidence: 99%