Prevalence of high cholesterol levels suggestive of familial hypercholesterolemia in Brazilian adolescents: Data from the study of cardiovascular risk in adolescents

Kaestner, Tatiana L.; Bento, Vivian Freitas Rezende; Pazin, Daiane Cristina; Baena, Cristina P; Olandoski, Márcia; Abreu, Gabriela de Azevedo; Kuschnir, Maria Cristina Caetano; Bloch, Kátia Vergetti; Faria-Neto, José Rocha

doi:10.1016/j.jacl.2017.12.009

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…It is possible that the lower frequency of hypercholesterolemia in our cohort is related to the use of lipid-lowering drugs, but we cannot verify this as Lifelines pediatrics questionnaires do not cover medication use. By contrast, in a pediatric Brazilian cohort (age 12-17 year), 45 the prevalence of LDL-c .190 mg/dL was lower compared with Lifelines, but this could also be a consequence of declining LDL-c levels in adolescence. It may be noted that statements about frequencies of FH in our population are hampered by 1 time point measurements, instead of recommended repeated measurements.…”

Section: Frequency Of Pediatric Hypercholesterolemiamentioning

confidence: 62%

Pediatric lipid reference values in the general population: The Dutch lifelines cohort study

Balder

Lansberg

Hof

et al. 2018

Journal of Clinical Lipidology

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Section: Frequency Of Pediatric Hypercholesterolemiamentioning

confidence: 62%

Pediatric lipid reference values in the general population: The Dutch lifelines cohort study

Balder

Lansberg

Hof

et al. 2018

Journal of Clinical Lipidology

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“…Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by markedly elevated levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) that are present from birth and predispose affected individuals to premature onset of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). In its heterozygous form (HeFH), it affects 1 in 200–300 individuals [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ], making it the most common monogenic disorder and the most common potentially fatal genetic disease in humans. Early treatment of FH correlates directly with prevention of ASCVD and death [ 6 , 7 , 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cascade Screening and Treatment Initiation in Young Adults with Heterozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia

Peterson

Bang

Block

et al. 2021

JCM

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Heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HeFH) creates elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), causing premature atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Guidelines recommend cascade screening relatives and starting statin therapy at 8–10 years old, but adherence to these recommendations is low. Our purpose was to measure self-reported physician practices for cascade screening and treatment initiation for HeFH using a survey of 500 primary care physicians and 500 cardiologists: 54% “always” cascade screen relatives of an individual with FH, but 68% would screen individuals with “strong family history of high cholesterol or premature ASCVD”, and 74% would screen a child of a patient with HeFH. The most likely age respondents would start statins was 18–29 years, with few willing to prescribe to a pediatric male (17%) or female (14%). Physicians who reported previously diagnosing a patient with HeFH were more likely to prescribe to a pediatric patient with HeFH, either male (OR = 1.34, 95% CI = 0.99–1.81) or female (OR = 1.31, 95% CI = 0.99–1.72). Many physicians do not cascade screen and are less likely to screen individuals with family history of known HeFH compared to “high cholesterol or premature ASCVD”. Most expressed willingness to screen pediatric patients, but few would start treatment at recommended ages. Further education is needed to improve diagnosis and treatment of HeFH.

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“…On the other hand, obesity is not necessarily associated with increased low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc) [8]. In adolescence, significant elevations of LDLc are infrequent [9] and, when they occur, they may be associated with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Combined Lipid Abnormalities in Brazilian Adolescents and Its Association with Nutritional Status: Data from the Erica Study

et al. 2020

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Background: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in Brazil and worldwide. The growing incidence of obesity in children and adolescents and its association with lipid abnormalities may worsen this scenario, mainly in developing countries where obesity has reached epidemic levels. Dyslipidemias have several patterns, and the combination of some lipid abnormalities may have higher atherogenic potential. Objectives: To evaluate the prevalence of single or multiple combined lipid abnormalities in adolescents and its association with nutritional status assessed by body mass index. Methods: Data were obtained from the Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (ERICA), a school-based, national representative study with Brazilian adolescents between 12 and 17 years of age. Adolescents whose lipid profiles were available were included, and lipid abnormalities were defined as LDL-C ≥ 100 mg/dL, HDL-C < 45 mg/dL, and tryglicerides (TG) ≥ 100 mg/dL. We assessed the prevalence of single or combined lipid abnormalities and correlated this nutritional status with body mass index of low weight, normal, overweight, and obesity. Results: A total of 38,069 adolescents were included, with more than 24,000 of them presenting at least one lipid abnormality (64.7%), and 3.7% showing alterations in all of them. The most prevalent combination was high TG with low HDL-C levels. The higher the BMI, the more lipid abnormalities were found. Conclusions: In this large and representative sample of Brazilian adolescents, the majority had at least one lipid abnormality. Higher BMI was associated with a higher prevalence of combined lipid abnormalities. Highlights:-There is a high prevalence of Brazilian adolescents with dyslipidemias.-BMI was associated with a higher prevalence of combined lipid abnormalities.-BMI can be considered as an indicator of the diagnosis of dyslipidemia in adolescents.

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Prevalence of high cholesterol levels suggestive of familial hypercholesterolemia in Brazilian adolescents: Data from the study of cardiovascular risk in adolescents

Cited by 8 publications

References 34 publications

Pediatric lipid reference values in the general population: The Dutch lifelines cohort study

Pediatric lipid reference values in the general population: The Dutch lifelines cohort study

Cascade Screening and Treatment Initiation in Young Adults with Heterozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia

Prevalence of Combined Lipid Abnormalities in Brazilian Adolescents and Its Association with Nutritional Status: Data from the Erica Study

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