Prevalence of Hepatitis in Prisoners: A Systematic Review of Current
Evidence

Pashangzadeh, Salar; Mehraeen, Esmaeil; Dadras, Omid; Pashaei, Zahra; Soleymanzadeh, Mahdi; Barzegary, Alireza; Mirzapour, Pegah; Vahedi, Farzin; Fakhfouri, Amirata; Noori, Tayebeh; Irani, Seyed Mohammad Hossein; Mehraeen, Esmaeil; Jahanfar, Shayesteh

doi:10.2174/1871526522666220620115006

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 105 publications

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“…In one study conducted in Taiwan, 62.8% (570/908) of inmates were IV drug abusers, and among them HIV had a high prevalence of 21.6% 57 . In one systematic review of 23 articles, shared contaminated needles for IV drug use was reported as one of the principal hepatitis transmission routes among prisoners 59 . In another study carried out in Nigeria, 29.6% of inmates who used injection drugs were HCV positive 39 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…57 In one systematic review of 23 articles, shared contaminated needles for IV drug use was reported as one of the principal hepatitis transmission routes among prisoners. 59 In another study carried out in Nigeria, 29.6% of inmates who used injection drugs were HCV positive. 39 Similarly, one large study among 1336 inmates in Ghana, indicated intravenous drug use, history of sharing syringes and drug paraphernalia, as independent determinants for HIV, HBV, and syphilis.…”

Section: Alcohol and Drug Usementioning

confidence: 97%

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Retracted: Prevalence of sexually transmitted infections and associated risk behaviors in prisoners: A systematic review

SeyedAlinaghi

Pashaei

Rahimi

et al. 2022

Health Science Reports

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Background and Aims: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are one of the major health concerns globally. Generally, prisoners are at higher risks for STIs due to risk factors including; drug-use, high-risk sexual behaviors, densely populated prisons, and poor living conditions. Therefore, we aimed to conduct a systematic review to evaluate the existing data on STI prevalence, and its associated risk factors among prisoners.Methods: We conducted a systematic search of the literature using the keywords in Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar online databases. We selected all the relevant original studies in English through title/abstract and full-text screening process.Results: Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, we selected and reviewed 32 studies out of 96 identified papers. The most important STI-associated risk factors among prisoners were drug use, low educational levels, and unsafe sex. The prevalence of STIs was heterogenous in selected studies and was reported as follows; Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) (0%−14.5%), hepatitis B viruses (HBV) (0.04%−27.23%), hepatitis C viruses (HCV) (0.17%−49.7%), Syphilis (0.2%−22.1%), Chlamydia Trachomatis (CT) (1.02%−6.7%), Gonorrhea (0.6%−7.8%), and herpes simplex virus-2 (HSV-2) 22.4%. Conclusion:This systematic review indicates that the prevalence of STIs (HIV, HBV, HCV, Syphilis, Chlamydia Trachomatis, Gonorrhea, and HSV-2) among prisoners appears to be higher than the general population, with drug abuse, low educational levels, and unsafe sex as major risk factors.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Alcohol and Drug Usementioning

confidence: 97%

Retracted: Prevalence of sexually transmitted infections and associated risk behaviors in prisoners: A systematic review

SeyedAlinaghi

Pashaei

Rahimi

et al. 2022

Health Science Reports

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“…Our data, therefore, support the adoption of double reflex testing policies at a national level. If this is not possible, high-risk groups such as prisoners could be prioritized[ 39 , 40 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prospective study of hepatitis B and D epidemiology and risk factors in Romania: A 10-year update

Iacob,

Gheorghe,

Onica

et al. 2024

World J Hepatol

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BACKGROUND The global burden of hepatitis D virus (HDV) infection represents a major medical challenge and a public health crisis worldwide. However, there is a lack of accurate data on the epidemiology and risk factors for HDV. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and HDV coinfection causes the most severe form of viral hepatitis, leading to a higher cumulative incidence of liver-related events compared with HBV monoinfection, including the need for liver transplantation and death. AIM To investigate the epidemiology, natural history, risk factors and clinical management of HBV and HDV coinfection in Romanian patients. METHODS This prospective study was conducted between January and July 2022 in six tertiary gastroenterology and hepatology referral centres in Romania. All consecutive adults admitted for any gastroenterology diagnosis who were HBV-positive were enrolled. Patients with acute hepatitis or incomplete data were excluded. Of the 25390 individuals who presented with any type of gastroenterology diagnosis during the study period, 963 met the inclusion criteria. Testing for anti-HDV antibodies and HDV RNA was performed for all participants. Demographic and risk factor data were collected by investigators using medical charts and patient questionnaires. All data were stored in an anonymized online database during the study. RESULTS The prevalence of HBV was 3.8%; among these patients, the prevalence of HBV/HDV coinfection was 33.1%. The median age of the study population was 54.0 years, and it consisted of 55.1% men. A higher prevalence of HBV/HDV coinfection was observed in patients 50–69 years old. Patients with HBV/HDV coinfection were significantly older than those with HBV monoinfection (P = 0.03). Multivariate multiple regression analysis identified female gender (P = 0.0006), imprisonment (P < 0.0001), older age at diagnosis (P = 0.01) and sexual contact with persons with known viral hepatitis (P = 0.0003) as significant risk factors for HDV. CONCLUSION This study shows that HDV infection among those with HBV remains endemic in Romania and updates our understanding of HDV epidemiology and associated risk factors. It emphasizes the need for systematic screening for HDV infection and collaborative initiatives for controlling and preventing HBV and HDV infection.

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Hepatitis B Virus Elimination Strategies

Xu,

Terrault

2024

Curr Hepatology Rep

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Purpose of Review The World Health Assembly called to eliminate viral hepatitis as a public health threat in 2016 and proposed elimination goals by 2030. This review examined current national and global progress with hepatitis B virus elimination, and the hurdles and solutions being undertaken to achieve elimination goals. Recent Findings Few countries are on target to achieve the elimination targets of a 95% reduction in new infections and a 65% reduction in mortality by 2030. Gaps towards elimination remain, such as low infant vaccine coverage in low-income countries and continued under-diagnosis and low rates of treatment globally. Summary HBV elimination is feasible but will require continued focus on infant and childhood vaccine coverage, improving blood and injection safety, increasing harm reduction measures among persons who use drugs, and providing broader access to low-cost diagnostics and antiviral treatment.

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Prevalence of Hepatitis in Prisoners: A Systematic Review of Current Evidence

Cited by 3 publications

References 105 publications

Retracted: Prevalence of sexually transmitted infections and associated risk behaviors in prisoners: A systematic review

Retracted: Prevalence of sexually transmitted infections and associated risk behaviors in prisoners: A systematic review

Prospective study of hepatitis B and D epidemiology and risk factors in Romania: A 10-year update

Hepatitis B Virus Elimination Strategies

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