Prevalence of hepatitis E virus in thalassemia patients with hepatitis C in Tehran, Iran

Dalvand, Najmeh; Dalvand, Azadeh; Sharifi, Zohreh; Hosseini, Seyed Masoud

doi:10.18502/ijm.v11i6.2226

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…To detect the HEV genome, the HEV ORF2 genome sequence was amplified by RT-nested PCR with specific previous primers (20). The sequences of the outer primers were 5′ -GAG GCA GGC ACA ACT AAA GC-3′ and 5′ -AAG AAG GGG GGC ACA AG-3′, and The sequences of the inner primers were 5′ -GCA CCG GGT CGC TAT TTC-3′ and 5′ -TGA AGC TCA GCG ACA GTA GA-3′.…”

Section: Genomic Rna Preparation and Detection Of Hev Rna By Rt-neste...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Higher Risk of Chronic Hepatitis E Virus infection in Patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1: An Iranian Cross- sectional Study

et al. 2023

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Background & Objective: Occurrence of Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) infection may be common in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV-1) patients and may lead to chronic infection as well as cirrhosis. We intended to determine the incidence of HEV infection among HIV-1 patients compared to individuals without HIV-1 infection. Methods: In our cross-sectional study, 87 HIV-1-positive patients were compared to 93 healthy individuals in Kerman, Iran. Plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were obtained from all the participants. Plasma samples were evaluated for HEV IgM and IgG using the ELISA kit. Then, reverse transcriptase-nested polymerase chain reaction (RT-nested PCR) was used in RNA extractions from PBMCs to check for the presence of HEV RNA. Results: Among the subjects examined in our study, 61 (70.1%) and 71 (77.4%) out of patients with HIV-1 infection and healthy individuals were male, respectively. The average ages of patients with HIV-1 and the control group were 40.2 years and 39.9 years, respectively. No discernible differences were found between the two groups based on IgM and IgG seropositivity against the HEV. However, HEV-RNA was found in 8% of patients with HIV-1 and 1.1% of HIV-1-negative individuals (P=0.03). There was also an association between the HEV genome and anti-HEV and anti-HCV antibodies in HIV-1-positive patients (P=0.02 and P=0.014, respectively). Conclusion: HEV infection may be more common in HIV-1 patients and may develop a chronic infection in immunocompromised individuals. Molecular-based HEV diagnostic tests, including RT-PCR assays, should be performed in HIV-1 patients with unknown impaired liver function tests.

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Section: Genomic Rna Preparation and Detection Of Hev Rna By Rt-neste...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Higher Risk of Chronic Hepatitis E Virus infection in Patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1: An Iranian Cross- sectional Study

et al. 2023

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“…Twenty percent ( n = 8/40) of multiply transfused thalassemia patients were anti-HEV IgG positive compared with 11.0% ( n = 10/91) in blood donors[ 154 ]. In contrast, a study in Iran found anti-HEV antibodies in only 1.67% of patients with thalassemia, suggesting a low rate of TT-HEV in that country[ 155 ]. Results from these two studies in thalassemia patients were limited by the small sample size.…”

Section: Transfusion-transmitted Hepatitis Ementioning

confidence: 99%

Transfusion-transmitted hepatitis E: What we know so far?

Cheung¹,

Wong²,

Law³

et al. 2022

WJG

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Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a major cause of viral hepatitis globally. There is growing concern about transfusion-transmitted HEV (TT-HEV) as an emerging global health problem. HEV can potentially result in chronic infection in immunocompromised patients, leading to a higher risk of liver cirrhosis and even death. Between 0.0013% and 0.281% of asymptomatic blood donors around the world have HEV viremia, and 0.27% to 60.5% have anti-HEV immunoglobulin G. HEV is infectious even at very low blood concentrations of the virus. Immunosuppressed patients who develop persistent hepatitis E infection should have their immunosuppressant regimen reduced; ribavirin may be considered as treatment. Pegylated interferon can be considered in those who are refractory or intolerant to ribavirin. Sofosbuvir, a nucleotide analog, showed modest antiviral activity in some clinical studies but sustained viral response was not achieved. Therefore, rescue treatment remains an unmet need. The need for HEV screening of all blood donations remains controversial. Universal screening has been adopted in some countries after consideration of risk and resource availability. Various pathogen reduction methods have also been proposed to reduce the risk of TT-HEV. Future studies are needed to define the incidence of transmission through transfusion, their clinical features, outcomes and prognosis.

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“…Additionally, intriguing questions concerning the role of transfused blood as a potential carrier of these commensal-like viruses are still unanswered. These aspects raise concern over blood safety and vulnerability of frequently exposed individuals, such as immunocompromised and multi-transfused patients [ 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of the Human Blood Virome in Iranian Multiple Transfused Patients

Thijssen

Khamisipour

Maleki

et al. 2023

Viruses

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Blood transfusion safety is an essential element of public health. Current blood screening strategies rely on targeted techniques that could miss unknown or unexpected pathogens. Recent studies have demonstrated the presence of a viral community (virobiota/virome) in the blood of healthy individuals. Here, we characterized the blood virome in patients frequently exposed to blood transfusion by using Illumina metagenomic sequencing. The virome of these patients was compared to viruses present in healthy blood donors. A total number of 155 beta-thalassemia, 149 hemodialysis, and 100 healthy blood donors were pooled with five samples per pool. Members of the Anelloviridae and Flaviviridae family were most frequently observed. Interestingly, samples of healthy blood donors harbored traces of potentially pathogenic viruses, including adeno-, rota-, and Merkel cell polyomavirus. Viruses of the Anelloviridae family were most abundant in the blood of hemodialysis patients and displayed a higher anellovirus richness. Pegiviruses (Flaviviridae) were only observed in patient populations. An overall trend of higher eukaryotic read abundance in both patient groups was observed. This might be associated with increased exposure through blood transfusion. Overall, the findings in this study demonstrated the presence of various viruses in the blood of Iranian multiple-transfused patients and healthy blood donors.

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Prevalence of hepatitis E virus in thalassemia patients with hepatitis C in Tehran, Iran

Cited by 5 publications

References 27 publications

Higher Risk of Chronic Hepatitis E Virus infection in Patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1: An Iranian Cross- sectional Study

Higher Risk of Chronic Hepatitis E Virus infection in Patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1: An Iranian Cross- sectional Study

Transfusion-transmitted hepatitis E: What we know so far?

Characterization of the Human Blood Virome in Iranian Multiple Transfused Patients

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