Prevalence of hepatitis E infection among adults with concurrent chronic liver disease

Wong, Robert J.; Cheung, Ramsey; Gish, Robert G.; Chitnis, Amit S.

doi:10.1111/jvh.13597

Cited by 15 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…It can also induce extrahepatic symptoms such as renal and neurological illness [ 15 ]. In the United States, its high prevalence is reported among the elderly suffering from chronic liver disease (CLD) [ 16 ]. Numerous studies have highlighted the influence of hepatitis C and B on the immune responses in infected individuals, allowing for a better understanding of the disease [ 17 , 18 , 19 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression Profiles of Hepatic Immune Response Genes in HEV Infection

et al. 2023

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Hepatitis E is a liver inflammation caused by infection with the hepatitis E virus (HEV). Every year, there are an estimated 20 million HEV infections worldwide, leading to an estimated 3.3 million symptomatic cases of hepatitis E. HEV viral load has been studied about the disease progression; however, hepatic the host gene expression against HEV infection remains unknown. Methods: We identified the expression profiles of hepatic immune response genes in HEV infections. Fresh blood samples were collected from all the study subjects (130 patients and 124 controls) in 3ml EDTA vacutainers. HEV viral load was determined by a real-time PCR. The total RNA was isolated from the blood using the TRIZOL method. The expression of theCCL2, CCL5, CXCL10, CXCL16, TNF, IFNGR1, and SAMSN1 genes was studied in the blood of 130 HEV patients and 124 controls using a real-time PCR. Results: Gene expression profiles indicate high levels of CCL2, CCL5, CXCL10, CXCL16, TNF, IFNGR1, and SAMSN1 genes that might lead to the recruitment of leukocytes and infected cell apoptosis. Conclusion: Our study demonstrated distinct differences in the expression profiles of host immune response-related genes of HEV infections and provided valuable insight into the potential impact of these genes on disease progression.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression Profiles of Hepatic Immune Response Genes in HEV Infection

et al. 2023

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“…According to data from the 2011-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a relatively high seroprevalence of HEV (IgG) was recorded among adults with chronic liver disease. It was 8.81% in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), 6.58% in alcoholic liver disease, 8.66% in hepatitis C virus (HCV), and 19.86% in hepatitis B virus (HBV) patients [ 9 ]. A retrospective European cohort study was performed in 2019 to study the burden of HEV in patients with hematological malignancies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Rare Case of Chronic Liver Disease in a Patient Who Previously Presented With Hepatitis E

Majeed¹,

Khalid²,

Sherazi³

et al. 2023

Cureus

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Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is among the most common causes of acute viral hepatitis. It typically causes acute infection, but some cases of chronic infection have also been recorded. These cases were particularly seen in developed countries, in patients who were immunocompromised, organ transplant recipients, or those with underlying hematological malignancy. However, we encountered a case of hepatitis E presenting as a chronic liver disease in an immunocompetent patient from a developing country. Therefore, more underlying risk factors need to be studied, which may lead to such a rare presentation of hepatitis E.

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“…Wong et al. ( 88 ) found that the seropositive rate of antiHEV-IgG was 19.86% among HBV infected patients by using the data of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2011 to 2018. In a cross-sectional study in Vietnam from 2012 to 2013, the seropositive rate of antiHEV-IgM was 11.6% among HBV infected patients ( 89 ).…”

Section: Immune Mechanisms and Hbsag Serum Level Changes In Hbv Coinf...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune Mechanisms Underlying Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Seroclearance in Chronic Hepatitis B Patients With Viral Coinfection

Gao

et al. 2022

Front. Immunol.

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It is considered that chronic hepatitis B patients have obtained functional cure if they get hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) seroclearance after treatment. Serum HBsAg is produced by cccDNA that is extremely difficult to clear and dslDNA that is integrated with host chromosome. High HBsAg serum level leads to failure of host immune system, which makes it unable to produce effective antiviral response required for HBsAg seroclerance. Therefore, it is very difficult to achieve functional cure, and fewer than 1% of chronic hepatitis B patients are cured with antiviral treatment annually. Some chronic hepatitis B patients are coinfected with other chronic viral infections, such as HIV, HCV and HDV, which makes more difficult to cure. However, it is found that the probability of obtaining HBsAg seroclearance in patients with coinfection is higher than that in patients with HBV monoinfection, especially in patients with HBV/HIV coinfection who have an up to 36% of HBsAg 5-year-seroclerance rate. The mechanism of this interesting phenomenon is related to the functional reconstruction of immune system after antiretroviral therapy (ART). The quantity increase and function recovery of HBV specific T cells and B cells, and the higher level of cytokines and chemokines such as IP-10, GM-CSF, promote HBsAg seroclearance. This review summarizes recent studies on the immune factors that have influence on HBsAg seroconversion in the chronic hepatitis B patients with viral coinfection, which might provide new insights for the development of therapeutic approaches to partially restore the specific immune response to HBV and other viruses.

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Prevalence of hepatitis E infection among adults with concurrent chronic liver disease

Cited by 15 publications

References 31 publications

Expression Profiles of Hepatic Immune Response Genes in HEV Infection

Expression Profiles of Hepatic Immune Response Genes in HEV Infection

A Rare Case of Chronic Liver Disease in a Patient Who Previously Presented With Hepatitis E

Immune Mechanisms Underlying Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Seroclearance in Chronic Hepatitis B Patients With Viral Coinfection

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