Prevalence of Hepatitis-B surface antigen among population of Inmates in Tihar Jail, New Delhi.

Rana, Shweta; Girdhar, Narinder K.; Gill, Manmeet Kaur; Kumar, Arun

doi:10.5455/2320-6012.ijrms20150117

Cited by 3 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(23 reference statements)

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“…Studies in this review included a wide range of demographic and socioeconomic backgrounds including luxury resort guests [ 12 – 15 ], teachers [ 16 ], human service professionals [ 17 ], unemployed adults [ 18 ], and prison inmates [ 19 , 20 ]. The reviewed studies also included participants with a wide range of health conditions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The sample size in each study ranged from 14 [ 21 ] to 719 [ 16 ] with participants recruited from various locations including the local community and neighbouring areas [ 13 – 15 , 17 , 18 , 21 ], specific medical facilities [ 28 , 34 , 36 ], prisons [ 19 , 20 ], and secondary schools and colleges [ 16 ]. In four studies, participants were guests who had already registered to attend the retreat and were invited to participate in the research [ 12 , 22 , 24 , 25 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Retreat programs ranged from a focus on religion and spirituality to lifestyle, health and wellbeing. Spirituality-focused retreats involved different spiritual/religious denominations and practices including mindfulness meditation [ 13 , 17 , 18 , 34 ], Vipassana meditation [ 16 , 19 , 20 , 25 ], Ayurveda [ 14 , 15 ] and Ignatian/Jesuit spirituality [ 21 ]. These retreats included activities such as prayer, mass, chanting, observing silence and other techniques such as breathing and mindfulness.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…changes in a variety of psychological and spiritual measures including improvement in perceived physical health, decreases in tension and fatigue, more intense religious and spiritual beliefs, feeling more religious and more spiritual and increase in feelings of self-transcendence. Cohen et al, 2017 [ 19 ] Observational study Gwinganna Lifestyle retreat guests ( n = 37), No comparator 7-day Gwinganna Lifestyle Retreat: Choice of nature walks, boxing, dance, spin classes, qi gong, yoga, Pilates, meditation, educational talks, spa treatments, massage, body treatments, counseling sessions, and other healing modalities. Organic diet with mainly plant-based foods, some fish and egg protein, no added sugar or salt, no gluten, dairy, caffeine, alcohol, red meat, or canned or packaged food.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The health impact of residential retreats: a systematic review

Naidoo

Schembri²,

Cohen

2018

BMC Complement Altern Med

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BackgroundUnhealthy lifestyles are a major factor in the development and exacerbation of many chronic diseases. Improving lifestyles though immersive residential experiences that promote healthy behaviours is a focus of the health retreat industry. This systematic review aims to identify and explore published studies on the health, wellbeing and economic impact of retreat experiences.MethodsMEDLINE, CINAHL and PsychINFO databases were searched for residential retreat studies in English published prior to February 2017. Studies were included if they were written in English, involved an intervention program in a residential setting of one or more nights, and included before-and-after data related to the health of participants. Studies that did not meet the above criteria or contained only descriptive data from interviews or case studies were excluded.ResultsA total of 23 studies including eight randomised controlled trials, six non-randomised controlled trials and nine longitudinal cohort studies met the inclusion criteria. These studies included a total of 2592 participants from diverse geographical and demographic populations and a great heterogeneity of outcome measures, with seven studies examining objective outcomes such as blood pressure or biological makers of disease, and 16 studies examining subjective outcomes that mostly involved self-reported questionnaires on psychological and spiritual measures. All studies reported post-retreat health benefits ranging from immediately after to five-years post-retreat. Study populations varied widely and most studies had small sample sizes, poorly described methodology and little follow-up data, and no studies reported on health economic outcomes or adverse effects, making it difficult to make definite conclusions about specific conditions, safety or return on investment.ConclusionsHealth retreat experiences appear to have health benefits that include benefits for people with chronic diseases such as multiple sclerosis, various cancers, HIV/AIDS, heart conditions and mental health. Future research with larger numbers of subjects and longer follow-up periods are needed to investigate the health impact of different retreat experiences and the clinical populations most likely to benefit. Further studies are also needed to determine the economic benefits of retreat experiences for individuals, as well as for businesses, health insurers and policy makers.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The health impact of residential retreats: a systematic review

Naidoo

Schembri²,

Cohen

2018

BMC Complement Altern Med

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“…HBV is the most common form of Hepatitis worldwide and chronic carriers continue to transmit the virus years before symptoms appear. The mode of transmission in areas of high endemicity is mostly vertical (Tran, 2010;Hwang and Cheung, 2011;Komatsu et al, 2012). Of the hepatotrophic viruses (hepatitis A, B, C, D and E), hepatitis B virus is most virulent and most versatile and is probably also the most prevalent of all viruses that affect humans (Park, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sero-prevalence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus and hepatitis viruses and their correlation with CD4 T-cell lymphocyte counts in pregnant women in the Buea Health District of Cameroon

Tanjong¹,

Teyim²,

Kamga³

et al. 2016

Int. J. Bio. Chem. Sci

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Prior to this study, very few studies in Cameroon have addressed co-infection of HIV and hepatitis in pregnancy. The aim of this study was to screen pregnant women living in the Buea Health District for Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) and Hepatitis C virus (HCV) and determine how the prevalence of mono and co-infections relates to immunity. Eligible and consenting women were interviewed using a standardized questionnaire. After which 10 ml of whole blood was collected from 406 pregnant women. All specimens were tested for HIV, HBV and HCV using Determine HIV1/2 (Abbott Co. Ltd., Japan), SD Bioline (Standard Diagnostics, INC., USA) and ELISA (Murex Biotech Limited, Temple Hill, UK; ABBOTT Laboratories, Wiesbaden, Germany). The prevalence of HIV, HBV and HCV mono-infection in this study was 34(8.37%), 40(12.1%) and 28(6.89%) respectively. HIV/HBV, HIV/HCV, HBV/HCV and HIV/HBV/HCV multiple infection rates were 6(1.48%), 7(1.72%), 5(1.23%) and 2(0.49%) respectively and there was no statistical association between accessed risk factors and multiple viral infections in Pregnancy. Amongst women with a positive HIV result, those co-infected with HBV and HCV had the least mean CD4 + Tcell lymphocyte counts (531.50 ± 6.18) while those infected only with HIV had the highest mean CD4 + T-cell lymphocyte counts (620.22 ± 165.27). Co-infection of HIV, HBV and HCV reduced the immune competence-CD4 + T cell counts, in pregnant women more than those who were HIV mono-infected.

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Prevalence of Hepatitis B and C Among Prison Inmates in India: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Bhadoria¹,

Gawande²,

Kedarisetty³

et al. 2021

Cureus

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Viral hepatitis is still considered a major cause of the burden of disease in India. It is the most common cause of cirrhosis and liver cancer. Prisoners are one of the groups at most risk for hepatitis. This study aimed to estimate the pooled estimates of the prevalence of hepatitis B and C among prisoners in India. The study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines for study selection. The extensive search was done through databases of PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar. All cross-sectional studies conducted to find the prevalence of hepatitis B and C among prison inmates in India published till June 2020 were screened and included in this meta-analysis. The analysis was conducted using the random-effects model. The heterogeneity was estimated using the I2 indicator. After extracting the required data, the meta-analysis was performed using the software Stata, version 12 (StataCorp LLC, College Station, Texas). The study is registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO; registration no: CRD42020185137). Out of a total of 970 articles searched through the database of PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar, five studies that met the inclusion criteria were included and analyzed. Hepatitis B and C prevalence were given in four studies each. The results showed that the overall prevalence of hepatitis B and C in prisoners was 8% (95% CI: 4-12) and 7% (95% CI: 1-13). The studies show high heterogeneity with no evidence of publication bias. The prevalence of hepatitis B and C among male prisoners was 4.48% (95% CI: 3.64%-5.32%) and 6.35% (95% CI: 5.48%-7.23%), respectively, while the prevalence among female prisoners was 1.53% (95% CI: 0.31-2.75) and 2.10% (95% CI: 0.28-3.93), respectively. The study findings show a high prevalence of hepatitis B and C in prisoners, which is of particular concern. Appropriate and effective interventions to reduce the transmission of hepatitis B and C in prisons are essential.

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Prevalence of Hepatitis-B surface antigen among population of Inmates in Tihar Jail, New Delhi.

Cited by 3 publications

References 16 publications

The health impact of residential retreats: a systematic review

The health impact of residential retreats: a systematic review

Sero-prevalence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus and hepatitis viruses and their correlation with CD4 T-cell lymphocyte counts in pregnant women in the Buea Health District of Cameroon

Prevalence of Hepatitis B and C Among Prison Inmates in India: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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