Prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen in pregnant mothers and its perinatal transmission

Biswas, Subhajit; Gupta, Indu; Nk, Ganguly; Chawla, Yogesh; Dilawari, J. B.

doi:10.1016/0035-9203(89)90401-x

Cited by 33 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Without prophylaxis, a very large proportion of infants born to HBV positive carrier mothers may become carriers of HBV [30,31] . Infection in this high risk setting is prevented most effectively by prenatal screening to identify carrier mothers [32,33] , with administration of hepatitis B immunoglobulin at birth along with a course of vaccines to achieve both immediate and long lasting immunity to HBV. Many countries such as India lack the resources to implement such programs and must depend on vaccine alone to prevent the development of chronic HBV carriage in these babies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of three different recombinant hepatitis B vaccines: GeneVac-B, Engerix B and Shanvac B in high risk infants born to HBsAg positive mothers in India

Vijayakumar¹,

Nandakumar²,

Saravanan³

et al. 2007

WJG

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of three different recombinant hepatitis B vaccines: GeneVac-B, Engerix B and Shanvac B in high risk infants born to HBsAg positive mothers in India

Vijayakumar¹,

Nandakumar²,

Saravanan³

et al. 2007

WJG

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“…[49][50][51][52] A large study involving 8575 pregnant women from Northern India, documented HBsAg carrier rate in antenatal mothers to be 3.7%, HBeAg carrier rate 7.8% and vertical transmission was observed in 18.6%. 53 However, a recent study by Dwivedi et al 54 has shown a lower prevalence rate of 0.9%.…”

Section: Pregnant Womenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tackling the Hepatitis B Disease Burden in India

Puri

2014

Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hepatology

118

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Globally, approximately 240 people have been infected worldwide with hepatitis B Virus (HBV). India has approximately HBV carrier rate of 3.0% with a high prevalence rate in the tribal population. With a population of more than 1.25 billion, India has more than 37 million HBV carriers and contributes a large proportion of this HBV burden. While horizontal transmission in childhood appears to be a major route of transmission, the role of vertical transmission is probably underestimated. Blood transfusion and unsafe therapeutic injections continue to be important modes of transmission of HBV. There is a need for large field studies to better understand HBV epidemiology and identify high prevalence areas, and public health measures to prevent disease transmission and decrease the burden of the disease. ( J CLIN EXP HEPATOL 2014;4:312-319)

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“…Figure 3b demonstrates [68]. Developing refers to data from developing countries which are not in east Asia or sub-Saharan Africa (this term is also used in Tables 2-4) and includes 2 studies from India [69,70], and 1 each from Egypt [71], Indonesia [72] and Kuwait [73]. [68], and Japan [76].…”

Section: Modelling Hbv Infection Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[68], and Japan [76]. Developing includes 2 studies from India [69,70], and 1 each from Egypt [71] and Kuwait [73].…”

Section: Modelling Hbv Infection Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological patterns of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in highly endemic areasr

et al. 1996

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SUMMARYThis paper uses meta-analysis of published data and a deterministic mathematical model of hepatitis B virus (HBV) transmission to describe the patterns of HBV infection in high endemicity areas. We describe the association between the prevalence of carriers and a simple measure of the rate of infection, the age at which half the population have been infected (A50), and assess the contribution of horizontal and perinatal transmission to this association. We found that the two main hyper-endemic areas of sub-Saharan Africa and east Asia have similar prevalences of carriers and values of A50, and that there is a negative nonlinear relationship between A50 and the prevalence of carriers in high endemicity areas (Spearman's Rank, P = 0 0086). We quantified the risk of perinatal transmission and the age-dependent rate of infection to allow a comparison between the main hyper-endemic areas. East Asia was found to have higher prevalences of HBeAg positive mothers and a greater risk of perinatal transmission from HBeAg positive mothers than sub-Saharan Africa, though the differences were not statistically significant. However, the two areas have similar magnitudes and agedependent rates of horizontal transmission. Results of a simple compartmental model suggest that similar rates of horizontal transmission are sufficient to generate the similar patterns between A50 and the prevalences of carriers. Interrupting horizontal transmission by mass immunization is expected to have a significant, nonlinear impact on the rate of acquisition of new carriers.

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Prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen in pregnant mothers and its perinatal transmission

Cited by 33 publications

References 9 publications

Comparison of three different recombinant hepatitis B vaccines: GeneVac-B, Engerix B and Shanvac B in high risk infants born to HBsAg positive mothers in India

Comparison of three different recombinant hepatitis B vaccines: GeneVac-B, Engerix B and Shanvac B in high risk infants born to HBsAg positive mothers in India

Tackling the Hepatitis B Disease Burden in India

Epidemiological patterns of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in highly endemic areasr

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