Prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen seropositivity among HIV-infected and non-infected individuals in Nnewi, Nigeria

Ec, Okocha; Oguejiofor, OC; Odenigbo, CU; Okonkwo, Uchenna Prosper; Asomugha, L

doi:10.4103/0300-1652.107605

Cited by 20 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 17 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This was similar to the result of many related studies done within and outside Nigeria [8][9][10][11]14,15]. However, the result differs from few studies in Nigeria [5,16,17]. In a cohort of 260 HIV adult patients studied in National Hospital Abuja Nigeria, the prevalence of HBV/HIV co-infection was 11.5% [14].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

The Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B Viral Infection in HIV Tested Positive Individuals in Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria

Nwako¹,

Godwin²,

Eugenia³

et al. 2014

J AIDS Clin Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background:The contribution of hepatitis B viral infection in HIV positive individuals is becoming increasingly recognized especially with the advent of Highly Active Antiretroviral drugs (HAART) which tend to prolong the life expectancy of HIV patients, thus increasing the tendency for chronic sequalae of hepatitis B in HIV/HBV co infection. Method:A total of 300 HIV positive adults who were >18years and residing in Owerri were enrolled in this study. Participants were drawn from twenty (Result: Out of the three hundred (300) individuals who tested positive for HIV, thirty two (32) persons (10.6%) showed positive serology test for Hepatitis B in our series. Out of these persons, twenty one (21) (65.6%) were females while eleven (11) (34.4%) were males. Among the study population, persons aged 25-34.9 years had the highest prevalence of co infection (56.25%), while patients aged 55-64.9 years had the least prevalence. Males aged 35-44.9 years had the highest prevalence. Majority of the females were secondary school holders (46.9%) who were selfemployed and having multiple unprotected heterosexual lifestyles. Conclusions:HIV and Hepatitis B viral infections share common route of transmission and they synergistically accelerate each progression. Greater public health enlightenment in areas of health seeking behavior, safer sex practice, and overall health promotion must be intensified if reduction of this hepatitis B viral burden is to be achieved.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

The Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B Viral Infection in HIV Tested Positive Individuals in Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria

Nwako¹,

Godwin²,

Eugenia³

et al. 2014

J AIDS Clin Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This relationship was found to be statistically significant (P=0.02). This finding was similar to that obtained by Okocha, et al [33] where they found a decreasing prevalence of HBsAg positivity with advancing age (i.e, 18.6% in those <20 years and 2.9% in those >50 years) with a statistically P trend (P=0.005). However, this pattern tend to differ in similar study by Sirisena, et al [7] in North central Nigeria where the prevalence tend to follow a non-uniform pattern with the highest prevalence in the age group above 60 years (21.4%) while the least prevalence was between 31-40 years (6.1%).…”

Section: Sero-epidemiology Of Hbsag Among Health Workers In a South-esupporting

confidence: 80%

“…However, this was not statistically significant (P=1.0). Similar pattern in a similar study was obtained by Okocha, et al [33] from Nnewi, where the prevalence was 5% and 8.5% in males and females respectively. However, in the study, the difference was statistically significant (P=0.04) while the odd ratio showed males were 0.5 times less likely to be HBsAg positive than females.…”

Section: Sero-epidemiology Of Hbsag Among Health Workers In a South-esupporting

confidence: 76%

“…This value is lower than 7.5%, 15.1% and 14.3% earlier reported by Onoja, et al [28], Egah, et al [29], and Uneke, et al [30] respectively among blood donors in Jos, North central Nigeria. It is also lower than 13.22% reported by Fasciola, et al [31] in Ibadan, 7.50% by Salawu, et al [32] in Ile-Ife, south western Nigeria and 5.6% reported by Okocha, et al [33] in Nnewi, South eastern Nigeria. Findings in some Asian part of the world such as Karnataka in India showed a prevalence of 3.2% in pre-transfusion blood donors [34].…”

Section: Sero-epidemiology Of Hbsag Among Health Workers In a South-econtrasting

confidence: 48%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Sero-Epidemiology of HBsAg among Health Workers in a South-eastern Nigerian Health Center: Challenges in Diagnosis

Nwabuko¹

2016

JHVRV

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Hepatitis B virus infection represent a major public health problem responsible for acute and chronic viral infections, HBV-related liver disease or hepatocellular carcinoma. Sub-Saharan Africa is worse hit by HBV infection and its related morbidity and mortality. Despite the burden of HBV in the region, the challenges confronting people living with HBV include making diagnosis and provision of their comparable estimates. This study aimed at analyzing the sero-prevalence of HBsAg among health workers and possible challenges in assessment of HBV prevalence in a resource-limited sub-Saharan African country. Blood samples from 275 consented health workers were tested for HBsAg using third generation ELISA. Data analysis was obtained using SPSS version 20. HBsAg screening was performed on a consecutive sample of 275 respondents (95 males and 180 females with M/F ratio of 1:1.9) aged 18-59 years who voluntarily turned up for the survey. Mean age ± SD was 36.1 ± 9.6 years. The overall prevalence of HBV was 1.5% (4/275). The prevalence in females 3/180 (1.7%) was insignificantly higher than males 1/95 (1.1%) (P>0.05).In relation to age group, the younger age group (< 20 years) has significantly higher prevalence (1/5 (20%) compared to other age groups (P=0.02). Blood transfusion and vaginal discharge (STD) were the highest predisposing factors to HBV infection with ORs of 5.9 and 4.2 respectively. This study, although limited by small sample size, showed a reduced prevalence of HBV among the health workers. The result from this study may not be a true reflection of the prevalence of HBV in south-eastern Nigeria, hence the need to involve larger population size in subsequent study. There is need to institute elaborated serological and virological diagnostic markers for the diagnosis of HBV infection in our health institutions. Also, targeted group health education and national guidelines for hepatitis B prevention and treatment must be provided by the Federal Ministry of Health, Nigeria. These interventions will go a long way to curb the prevalence of HBV infection to the barest minimum.

show abstract

“…[11,18] The same applies to data on HIV prevalence in Nigeria, which have largely been derived from sentinel studies among pregnant women and other people presenting for care in health facilities. [19,20] It is vital to acquire population-based data on the prevalence of these blood-borne viruses to inform optimal national control strategies.…”

Section: Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of hepatitis B, hepatitis C and human immunodeficiency viruses, and evaluation of risk factors for transmission: Report of a population screening in Nigeria

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background. Hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and HIV are common blood-borne infections unevenly distributed across regions in Nigeria. Few population-based prevalence studies have been done in Nigeria. Objective. To determine the prevalence of HBV, HCV and HIV and risk factors for infection with these viruses in a Nigerian population. Methods. Hepatitis B surface antigen, anti-HCV and HIV were assayed in 1 498 healthy adult participants. A structured questionnaire was used to assess risk factors for viral acquisition. Bivariate analysis was used to compare differences in sociodemographic characteristics. Significant risk factors were identified by stepwise logistic regression. A p-value <0.05 was considered significant. Results. The prevalences of HBV, HCV and HIV were 8.8%, 10.0% and 12.9%, respectively, with urban/rural disparity. HBV/HCV positivity was higher among males than females. The reverse was true for HIV. Age was significantly associated with being HBV-, HCV-or HIVpositive. Communal use of a toothbrush was significantly associated with HBV positivity in the final model (odds ratio 2.46, 95% confidence interval 1.45 -4.18). Conclusions. The prevalence of HBV, HCV and HIV infection is high in Nigeria, with urban/rural disparity. HCV may be more of a public health concern than HBV in some communities. Population-based studies are required to provide vital data to inform optimal national control strategies.

show abstract

Prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen seropositivity among HIV-infected and non-infected individuals in Nnewi, Nigeria

Cited by 20 publications

References 17 publications

The Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B Viral Infection in HIV Tested Positive Individuals in Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria

The Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B Viral Infection in HIV Tested Positive Individuals in Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria

Sero-Epidemiology of HBsAg among Health Workers in a South-eastern Nigerian Health Center: Challenges in Diagnosis

Prevalence of hepatitis B, hepatitis C and human immunodeficiency viruses, and evaluation of risk factors for transmission: Report of a population screening in Nigeria

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About