Prevalence of Hepatitis B and C Viral Markers in Blood Donors Deferred from Donating Blood on the Basis of a History of Jaundice of Unknown Origin

Prakash, Chandra; Sachdev, Suchet; Marwaha, Neelam; Hans, Rekha

doi:10.1016/j.jceh.2018.03.001

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Technically, nucleic acid amplification technique (NAT) is the best method available to detect TTI and avoid the risk of transmission, especially in cases of occult infections (high sensitivity) as well as fresh infections (least window period) 19 , 20 . As per published Indian studies, the difference in prevalence rates by serology versus NAT (NAT yield) among jaundice-deferred donors is around 2.5-4 per cent 14 , 15 . Assuming the NAT yield in our cohort to be on similar lines, the true prevalence of hepatitis B and C among the deferred donors would be expected to be higher than the prevalence rate of 5.7 per cent observed in our study.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Sample size : As per the National Centre for Disease Control, the population prevalence of HBV in India is 3.7 per cent and of HCV is 1 per cent 13 . The reported hepatitis B and C prevalence rates amongst donors deferred due to jaundice in India have varied from 2 to 6 per cent 14 , 15 a study from the west reported seroprevalence of 13.8 per cent in such donors 16 . The sample size was computed using an online calculator to detect a difference in proportions between the two groups 17 ; significance level (alpha) of 0.05 and power of 80 per cent were aimed.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of hepatitis B & C infections in prospective blood donors deferred due to history of jaundice

Khan

Afzal

Arif

et al. 2022

Indian Journal of Medical Research

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Background & objectives: As per national guidelines, prospective blood donors with a history of jaundice of unknown cause are deferred permanently to prevent the transmission of hepatitis B and C. The validity of this guideline was tested by comparing prevalence rates of hepatitis B and C in prospective blood donors deferred due to a history of jaundice, with that of donors who were found fit. Methods: Blood samples of 212 consecutive donors (male, n=203) deferred due to a history of jaundice were studied for hepatitis B and C by rapid test kits as well as by chemiluminescence (n=115) or ELISA (n=97). Consecutive healthy donors (n=549; male, n=518) were also studied by ELISA (n=266) or chemiluminescence (n=283). Results: The cumulative prevalence detected by rapid test kit and ELISA/chemiluminescence tests of hepatitis B (n=10) and C (n=2) among donors deferred due to a history of jaundice (n=212) was 5.7 per cent [95% confidence interval (CI): 2.9, 9.9]. The prevalence of reactive results among healthy donors (n=549) by ELISA/chemiluminescence tests was 3.3 per cent (95% CI: 1.9, 5.2), which included hepatitis B (n=15) and hepatitis C (n=3) cases. Compared to healthy donors, the odds of seropositivity among jaundice-deferred donors was 1.7 (95% CI: 0.8, 3.6), P =0.15. For rapid test-negative deferred donors, the odds of seropositivity by ELISA/chemiluminescence declined to 0.4 (0.1, 1.5), P =0.19. Interpretation & conclusions: The prevalence rates of hepatitis B and C in prospective blood donors deferred due to a history of jaundice of unknown aetiology did not differ significantly from that in healthy donors. The current practice of permanently deferring such donors depletes valuable donor pool. A strategy of rejecting only those donors who are found reactive on pre-donation testing by rapid test needs further validation.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of hepatitis B & C infections in prospective blood donors deferred due to history of jaundice

Khan

Afzal

Arif

et al. 2022

Indian Journal of Medical Research

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“…La serología para sífilis fue una de las más prevalentes en este estudio, igual a los reportes de otros autores (6,(21)(22)(23) . La prevalencia de las otras serologías reactivas encontradas en los donantes no difiere de las encontradas en otros estudios (24)(25)(26)(27) .…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Reactive serologies in donors from the Blood Bank of the Hospital de Clínicas, Paraguay

Amarilla

Montiel

Galeano

2021

Rev. virtual Soc. Parag. Med. Int

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Introducción: las infecciones transmisibles por transfusión constituyen una complicación, ocasionando morbilidad y mortalidad en los receptores de sangre y derivados.Objetivo: determinar la prevalencia de serologías reactivas y la asociación con las características sociodemográficas de los donantes del Banco Sangre del Hospital de Clínicas de San Lorenzo, en el año 2018. Material y método: diseño observacional, descriptivo, retrospectivo, de corte transversal, con muestreo no probabilístico de casos consecutivos. Se incluyó a donantes del Banco de Sangre del Hospital de Clínicas del periodo de enero a diciembre del 2018. Se midieron las variables demográficas (edad y sexo), la presencia o ausencia de serologías reactivas para hepatitis B y C, VIH, enfermedad de Chagas, HTLV I-II y Treponema pallidum.Resultados: la prevalencia global de las serologías reactivas en donantes fue 2,78%. De los 278 donantes incluidos en el estudio, 66,91% fueron masculinos, la media de edad fue 40,89 ± 11 años. Las serologías positivas más frecuentes fueron: hepatitis B 53,96%, enfermedad de Chagas 34,89% y sífilis 20,14%. Existe asociación entre sexo femenino y hepatitis C

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“…The prevalence observed in this study could be even higher, partly due to the method of screening employed. It has been established that techniques such as the enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay and the polymerase chain reaction are more sensitive and specific and help in preventing occult infections due to blood transfusion 35,36 . However, the one‐step immune‐chromatographic assay technique was used for HBV, HCV, HIV, and T. pallidum screening, which poses a risk to blood recipients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transfusion transmissible infections among blood donors in Ghana: A 3‐year multicentered health facility‐based retrospective study

Walana,

Vicar,

Kuugbee

et al. 2023

Health Science Reports

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Transfusion transmissible infections (TTIs) remain a major health challenge particularly in developing countries. Here, we present a multicentered hospital‐based retrospective study on the prevalence, distribution, and risk factors of TTIs in Ghana. Data on blood donors from four health facilities, namely Nkwanta South Municipal Hospital (Oti region), Weija‐Gbawe Municipal Hospital (Greater Accra region), SDA Hospital (Northern region) and Wa Municipal Hospital (Upper West region) were extracted and analyzed. Descriptive statistics and multinomial logistic regression were applied to compare sociodemographic data with TTI status. A total of 6094 blood donors were included in this study, and 2% were females. The overall prevalence of TTIs was 21.0% (1232/5868). Specifically, the prevalence of HBV, HCV, HIV, and Syphilis was 6.6% (385/5868), 4.9% (286/5830), 2.9% (168/5867), and 6.8% (393/5739), respectively. Wa dominated in all the viral agents considered in this study, while the Oti region recorded the highest prevalence in T. pallidum. The odds of HBV infection was 3.1 (p = 0.008) among first‐time donors, while that for HCV was 2.8 (p = 0.042). For rural dwellers, donors significantly had T. pallidum (p < 0.001; OR = 2.8), HCV (p < 0.001; OR = 2.9), and HIV (p = 0.028; OR = 1.5) infections. Generally, the recipients of transfused blood were predominantly pregnant mothers, followed by children and accident victims. This study has revealed significant disparities and relatively high prevalence of TTIs in Ghana, specifically HBV, HCV, HIV and T. pallidum infections. The variations suggest the presence of unique health challenges per study area, hence the need for a tailored intervention for each study site.

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Prevalence of Hepatitis B and C Viral Markers in Blood Donors Deferred from Donating Blood on the Basis of a History of Jaundice of Unknown Origin

Cited by 5 publications

References 11 publications

Prevalence of hepatitis B & C infections in prospective blood donors deferred due to history of jaundice

Prevalence of hepatitis B & C infections in prospective blood donors deferred due to history of jaundice

Reactive serologies in donors from the Blood Bank of the Hospital de Clínicas, Paraguay

Transfusion transmissible infections among blood donors in Ghana: A 3‐year multicentered health facility‐based retrospective study

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