Prevalence of hepatitis B among pregnant women assisted at the public maternity hospitals of São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil

Souza, Marinilde Teles; Pinho, T.; Santos, Max Diego Cruz; Santos, Alexsandro dos; Monteiro, Vera Lúcia; Fonseca, Lena Maria Barros; Ferreira, Pedro Antônio Muniz; Ferreira, Adalgisa de Souza Paiva

doi:10.1016/j.bjid.2012.07.008

Cited by 26 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Confirming this trend, absence or low prevalence of OHB has been the most commonly obtained result in Brazilian studies on different populations, ranging from 0% to 2.7% …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

“…Confirming this trend, absence or low prevalence of OHB has been the most commonly obtained result in Brazilian studies on different populations, ranging from 0% to 2.7%. [41][42][43][44][45] In this study, the prevalence of OHB in CRF patients on dialysis was not correlated with gender, age, previous renal transplantation, serological profile for HBV, or the time the patient was on hemodialysis. The only correlation found was related to anti-HCV positivity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 49%

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Occult hepatitis B among patients with chronic renal failure on hemodialysis from a capital city in northeast Brazil

Fontenele

Gainer²,

Silva

et al. 2015

Hemodialysis International

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Occult hepatitis B (OHB) is characterized by the presence of HBV-DNA in the absence of HBsAg in the serum of patients. Hemodialysis patients are at high risk for hepatitis B virus and there are few data on the prevalence of OHB in this population, mainly in Brazil. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of OHB in patients undergoing hemodialysis. A cross-sectional study was performed, including 301 patients on chronic hemodialysis at two dialysis centers in São Luís (Maranhão), northeast Brazil. Serological tests were performed for HBsAg, anti-HBc, anti-HBs, and anti-HCV using enzyme immunoassays (ELISA); HBV-DNA and HCV-RNA were studied by real-time PCR. The mean age was 49 ± 15 years, and 128 (42%) were female. Serological tests confirmed that all samples were HBsAg negative. Anti-HBc was positive in 114 (38%) patients, anti-HBc and anti-HBs were simultaneously positive in 104 (35%), and anti-HBc alone was positive in 10 (3%). Tests were negative for anti-HBc and anti-HBs in 55 patients (18%). Anti-HBs was the only positive marker in 132 (44%) patients. Anti-HCV was positive in 15 (5%) patients with HCV-RNA present in 14 of them (93%). HBV-DNA was positive in seven cases (2.3%). There was no association of HBV-DNA with age, gender, time on dialysis, previous kidney transplant, or HBV serological pattern, but there was a positive correlation with the presence of anti-HCV (P < 0.001). OHB in chronic renal failure patients on hemodialysis appears to be a relevant finding, suggesting that studying HBV-DNA in this population using sensitive molecular tests should be a recommended course of action, especially in candidates for renal transplant.

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“…Confirming this trend, absence or low prevalence of OHB has been the most commonly obtained result in Brazilian studies on different populations, ranging from 0% to 2.7% …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 49%

Occult hepatitis B among patients with chronic renal failure on hemodialysis from a capital city in northeast Brazil

Fontenele

Gainer²,

Silva

et al. 2015

Hemodialysis International

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…However, there are few studies on the screening of the disease in the gestational period in Brazil, especially in the state of Rio de Janeiro. Souza et al reported a prevalence of chronic HBV among Brazilian pregnant women ranging from 0.5% to 8.7%, depending on the region studied (5) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most recent results indicated a reduced prevalence of hepatitis B throughout the country, classifying Brazil as being of low endemicity. Most studies showed a prevalence of HBV inferior to 1% (3)(4)(5)(6)(7) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis B and C in Pregnant Women Attended by a Prenatal Program in an Universitary Hospital in Rio De Janeiro, Brazil: Retrospective Study of Seroprevalence Screening

Barros

Ronchini

Soares

2018

Arq. Gastroenterol.

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BACKGROUND: Hepatitis B and C are diseases with high morbimortality and constitute a global public health problem. In Brazil, the prevalence is not homogeneous, oscillating among different regions, but it is estimated that currently about 1% of the population present chronic disease related to the B virus and that there are 1.5 million infected with the C virus. Despite the development of hepatitis B vaccine, improvement in diagnostic methods and therapeutic advances in the field of viral hepatitis, there is still a large number of people who continues to be infected by these viruses, especially in populations at risk and also due to several factors, including vaccination and migration policies. Vertical and perinatal transmissions are of great importance in the epidemiology of viral hepatitis and the blood tests performed during prenatal care constitute a great opportunity for screening and identifying these viruses. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the seroprevalence of markers for B and C viruses in women who underwent prenatal care at the Hospital Universitário Antônio Pedro (Antonio Pedro University Hospital) from 2006 to 2013 and to compare the results found with regional data and those described in the specific literature. METHODS: A descriptive, cross-sectional, quantitative study with retrospective data collected from 635 records of pregnant women attended at the Prenatal Service of the Hospital Universitário Antônio Pedro, Niterói, state of Rio de Janeiro, from March 2006 until December 2013. The database was built in the Microsoft Office Access program and was later exported to Microsoft Office Excel. For the processing and analysis of the data, it was used the SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science, IBM) version 22.0, for Windows. RESULTS: Twelve cases with positive HBsAg (1.9%), 189 cases with positive anti-HBs (35.9%) and seven positive anti-HCV patients (1.3%) were observed. There was no significant association between age and positivity for HBsAg, anti-HBs and anti-HCV (P =0.205, 0.872 and 0.676, respectively). There was a direct relationship between the anti-HBs positivity and the last four years of the study (P<0.0001). CONCLUSION: A high prevalence of HBsAg was observed, higher than the expected for the evaluated region; there was a prevalence of anti-HCV, consistent with the current Brazilian reality; and a likely low rate of hepatitis B immunization, with a relatively high rate of susceptibility to this infection and no case of co-infection between B and C viruses and HIV. It is emphasized not only the need to trace hepatitis B and C, without exceptions, during prenatal care, since even though the current advances in therapy may not cure, at least they may allow a better quality of life for patients with chronic disease and the mandatory completion of immunoprophylaxis in all newborns. Special attention should be given to those patients susceptible to HBV, with prompt diagnosis and referral for specific vaccination.

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“…But HBV infection prevalence among pregnant women living in Nigeria, Uganda, Ethiopia, Mauritania, Mali, Yemen and South Africa was much higher than the prevalence among Iranian pregnant women. In addition, Pakistani, Libyan and Turkish pregnant women were slightly more infected than Iranian women (4,7,(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40)(41)(42)(43)(44)(45)(46)(47)(48)(49)(50)(51). Higher infection rates in most African countries and lower rates among women in most European countries indicates the effect of health promotion and vaccine coverage on the patterns of infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus infection among Pregnant Women in Iran: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

et al. 2016

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Background: Hepatitis B infection can be transmitted both vertically and horizontally. Although the universal neonatal vaccination and catch up vaccination of teenagers along with targeted vaccination of at risk population have decreased the prevalence of HBV infection in Iran dramatically, there is still risk of vertical transmission with subsequent chronic liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of latent HBV infection among Iranian pregnant women using metaanalysis method.Data Sources: Papers written in Persian or English were identified during a comprehensive search within five national and four international main databases. Study Eligibility Criteria and Participants:Studies reported the HBV infection prevalence among Iranian pregnant women and provided enough quality scores were selected for this meta-analysis. Methods:After a systematic review of national and international databases, duplicated and irrelevant studies were excluded. Standard error of the infection prevalence was calculated based on the binomial distribution. Because of the significant heterogeneity observed among the results, random effects model was applied to combine the results of the primary studies. Moreover, sensitivity analysis and meta-regression models were used to detect the sources of this heterogeneity.Results: At final step of the systematic search, 18 papers entered into the meta-analysis investigating 24853 pregnant women. Prevalence of HBV infection among Iranian pregnant women was estimated as 1.2% (95% confidence interval: 0.9 -1.6). Among different risk factors assessed, only familial history in four studies out of five relevant evidences was statistically significant. Conclusions:HBV infection prevalence among Iranian pregnant women is low and familial history is its major determinant.

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Prevalence of hepatitis B among pregnant women assisted at the public maternity hospitals of São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil

Abstract: The prevalence of HBsAg in pregnant women in this study confirmed that São Luís is a low endemicity area. Occult hepatitis B was not detected in these samples.

Cited by 26 publications

References 18 publications

Occult hepatitis B among patients with chronic renal failure on hemodialysis from a capital city in northeast Brazil

Occult hepatitis B among patients with chronic renal failure on hemodialysis from a capital city in northeast Brazil

Hepatitis B and C in Pregnant Women Attended by a Prenatal Program in an Universitary Hospital in Rio De Janeiro, Brazil: Retrospective Study of Seroprevalence Screening

Prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus infection among Pregnant Women in Iran: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

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