Prevalence of headache among children and adolescents in Shanghai, China

Incidental White Matter Lesions in Children Presentıng With Headache

“…The prevalence of migraine in children varies with age from 23% to 43%, and high rates are found at the ages of 14-15 years. 10 Detailed history and physical examination may exclude the majority of the secondary headaches, and the International Headache Society criteria provide common ground for the diagnosis of primary headaches. 11 The differential diagnosis of primary and secondary headaches rests mainly on clinical findings.…”

Contributions of Epidemiology to Our Understanding of Migraine

“…A summary of recent studies of children and adolescents that employed ICHD‐II criteria for headache is shown in Table . A total of 93,172 children were included in 21 studies in 13 countries (Brazil, China, Finland, Germany, India, Japan, Korea, Nigeria, Singapore, Sweden, Thailand, Turkey, US). Most of the studies administered questionnaires regarding ICHD‐II headache criteria to samples identified in schools.…”

“…Despite the large body of cross‐sectional studies on the prevalence and correlates of migraine, there is a dearth of prospective research from community samples that provides information on the incidence, stability, and course of migraine in adults. Incidence data have been reported in 4 prospective community surveys of adults, and 2 of children . Incidence rates based on prospective studies tend to be greater than those based on retrospective data, thereby highlighting the serious underreporting of lifetime history of migraine, particularly among those without persistence.…”

Headache Care in China

“…Urban residence, female gender, and age >30 years compared with 18‐29 years might represent independent risk factors for migraine, as did urban residence, female gender, occupation (unemployed, farmer, office worker, without steady job) and lower educational level for TTH . Examination pressure may be a probable risk factor for development of headaches in students . The most likely cause of CDH was medication overuse, accounting for nearly 60% of CDH prevalence .…”

“…Headache disorders substantially impact the physical and mental health not only of adults but also schoolchildren. One study estimated the prevalence of headache subtypes and headache‐specific disabilities among children and adolescents aged from 7 to 15 years attending 4 schools in Shanghai . Of all students, 9.68% had experienced headache in the 3 months prior to the survey.…”