Prevalence of Glaucoma in an Urban West African Population

Budenz, Donald L.; Barton, Keith; Vos, Julia Whiteside-de; Schiffman, Joyce C.; Bandi, Jagadeesh; Nolan, Winifred; Herndon, Leon W.; Kim, Hanna; Hay-Smith, Graham; Tielsch, James M.

doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2013.1686

Cited by 163 publications

(128 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…1 Reports indicate that by the year 2020, the number of people with glaucoma will increase to 79.6 million, 1 with an estimated 5.9 million being bilaterally blind. 2 Ghana has been reported to have the second highest prevalence of glaucoma worldwide, 3 with an estimated 700,000 people affected by the disease, of whom over 60,000 are reportedly blind. 4 Primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) is the predominant type of glaucoma in Ghana, affecting 6.8 per cent of the population, with an average age of onset of 30 years.…”

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“…4 Primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) is the predominant type of glaucoma in Ghana, affecting 6.8 per cent of the population, with an average age of onset of 30 years. 2,4 The American Optometric Association recommends that every individual should have a first eye examination at six months and then at three years and every two years thereafter between the age of six and 18 years. 5 Many people in developing countries, including Ghana, do not adhere to these recommendations for a variety of reasons, such as poor knowledge about the importance of eye examinations, non-availability, non-accessibility and non-affordability of eye care services, among others.…”

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Awareness, knowledge and self‐care practices toward glaucoma among final year health science university students in Ghana

Boadi-Kusi

Kyei

Mashige

et al. 2015

Clinical and Experimental Optometry

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Background In the absence of adequate services, patients have to rely on the few health professionals that they do come into contact with to advise them on their treatment options. The aim of this study was to determine the level of awareness and knowledge of glaucoma, and the association between these factors and self‐care practices among final year health science university students in Ghana. Method A cross‐sectional survey involving the use of a structured questionnaire was conducted among 273 final year students (67 per cent) studying at any one of eight health science programs in three selected public universities in Ghana. Results All 273 respondents were aware of glaucoma but only 37.7 per cent had knowledge of it. The majority (65.9 per cent) defined glaucoma as raised intraocular pressure, and confused glaucoma with ocular hypertension. Over half (56.8 per cent) had acquired their knowledge of glaucoma during the course of their training. The media also played a major role in glaucoma awareness; however, it played a limited role in impacting on the knowledge of glaucoma. Only 28.6 per cent of respondents had previously undergone glaucoma screening. Conclusion Although all respondents were aware of glaucoma, their level of knowledge of glaucoma was low. Self‐care practices were also generally poor among the respondents. This information may be useful for glaucoma health education in Ghana.

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Awareness, knowledge and self‐care practices toward glaucoma among final year health science university students in Ghana

Boadi-Kusi

Kyei

Mashige

et al. 2015

Clinical and Experimental Optometry

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“…Thus they are more prone to develop glaucoma (10,11) , hemoglobinopathies (12)(13)(14) , hypertension (14,15) and diabetes (15,16) .…”

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confidence: 99%

Evaluación del estado periodontal en una población afro-uruguaya residente en Montevideo. Estudio transversal

Rotemberg

Capó

Batlle

et al. 2017

Odontoestomatología

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The diversity approach in health focuses on recognizing and paying special attention to the different interests, demands, needs and health-disease processes specific to certain people. Ethnic-racial considerations in these cases become fundamental.In Uruguay, census data show that 8.1% of the population (approximately 255,000 people) consider themselves Afrodescendants, which makes them the main ethnic-racial minority of the country.To date, there are no surveys on the periodontal condition of Afrodescendant population in our country.Objective: to evaluate the oral and periodontal status of patients through health-disease process indicators.Materials and methods: descriptive, cross-sectional study of the Afro-Uruguayan population. Inclusion criteria: age range from 15 to 35, living in Montevideo. Exclusion criteria: pregnancy, having received periodontal treatment or treatment with antibiotics in the last 6 months. The size of each population sample with or without African origin was of 40 individuals each, half men, half women. The Rediente Clinical History was used, the periodontal parameters were recorded using a periodontal probe calibrated by millimeter, and six sites per tooth were examined in a full mouth.Results: the group of Afrodescendants have one less tooth, on average, than non-Afrodescendants, especially the first mandibular molars. They also show higher prevalence, depth and severity of attachment loss compared to the control group. No statistically significant differences were found in probing depth between the two groups.Conclusions: Afrodescendants became part of the popular sectors of society, which makes them more vulnerable. In the age range considered (15-35), Afrodescendants have higher prevalence, extension and severity of clinical attachment loss than non-Afrodescendants. No statistically significant differences were found in the considered age range regarding probing depth in the populations examined.

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“…losing vision without receiving appropriate treatment (Budenz et al, 2013;Hennis et al, 2007;Rotchford et al, 2003;Sathyamangalam et al, 2009). Efforts to improve early diagnosis of glaucoma are therefore an essential component of reducing the individual and societal consequences of visual impairment and blindness worldwide.…”

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Strategies to improve early diagnosis in glaucoma

Tatham¹,

Medeiros²,

Zangwill³

et al. 2015

Progress in Brain Research

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Early diagnosis and treatment of glaucoma is important to reduce the risk of progressive and irreversible visual loss. The key to diagnosis is recognition of morphological changes to the optic nerve head and retinal nerve fiber layer, but in some patients, functional abnormalities are detected first. This review describes recent innovations with the potential to improve the early detection of glaucoma. Developments in imaging include novel optic nerve head metrics such as Bruch's membrane opening-minimum rim width, enhanced ability to quantify inner layers of the glaucomatous macula, and ability to image deep optic nerve head structures, including the lamina cribrosa. Developments in detection of early glaucomatous functional loss include novel perimetric tests using frequency-doubling technology and flicker-defined form stimuli. Methods to combine results of structural and functional assessments are also presented that may improve early detection of glaucoma. KeywordsGlaucoma, Optical coherence tomography, OCT, Perimetry, Spectral domain, Early diagnosis Glaucoma is a leading cause of blindness, affecting more than 70 million people worldwide, of whom approximately 10% are bilaterally blind (Quigley and Broman, 2006). Glaucomatous visual losses can be prevented with early diagnosis and treatment; however, affected individuals are typically asymptomatic until later stages of the disease and a large proportion of those affected remain undiagnosed. Population-level surveys suggest only 10-50% of people with glaucoma are aware that they have the condition and consequently there are a large number of people Progress in Brain Research, Volume 221, ISSN 0079-6123, http://dx

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Prevalence of Glaucoma in an Urban West African Population

Cited by 163 publications

References 66 publications

Awareness, knowledge and self‐care practices toward glaucoma among final year health science university students in Ghana

Awareness, knowledge and self‐care practices toward glaucoma among final year health science university students in Ghana

Evaluación del estado periodontal en una población afro-uruguaya residente en Montevideo. Estudio transversal

Strategies to improve early diagnosis in glaucoma

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