Prevalence of GBV-C/hepatitis G virus viraemia among blood donors, health care personnel, chronic non-B non-C hepatitis, chronic hepatitis C and hemodialysis patients in Egypt

El-Zayadi, Abdel-Rahman; Abe, Kenji; Selim, Osaima; Naito, Hideo; Heß, Georg; Ahdy, A

doi:10.1016/s0166-0934(99)00036-1

Cited by 31 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…HPgV infects a large proportion (43) of adults, ranging from 1 to 5% of blood donors in developed countries and up to 20% of donors in developing countries (27). HPgV is thought to be transmitted sexually and by blood-blood contact (44)(45)(46)(47)(48)(49)(50). Persistent HPgV infections have not been shown to be pathogenic and may reduce mortality in HIV-coinfected subjects (43,51).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Local Virus Extinctions following a Host Population Bottleneck

Kapusinszky

Mulvaney

Jasinska

et al. 2015

J Virol

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A small number of African green monkeys (AGMs) were introduced into the Caribbean from West Africa in the 1600s. To determine the impact of this population bottleneck on the AGM virome, we used metagenomics to compare the viral nucleic acids in the plasma of 43 wild AGMs from West Africa (Gambia) to those in 44 AGMs from the Caribbean (St. Kitts and Nevis). Three viruses were detected in the blood of Gambian primates: simian immunodeficiency virus (SIVagm; in 42% of animals), a novel simian pegivirus (SPgVagm; in 7% of animals), and numerous novel simian anelloviruses (in 100% of animals). Only anelloviruses were detected in the Caribbean AGMs with a prevalence and levels of viral genetic diversity similar to those in the Gambian animals. A host population bottleneck therefore resulted in the exclusion of adult-acquired SIV and pegivirus from the Caribbean AGMs. The successful importation of AGM anelloviruses into the Caribbean may be the result of their early transmission to infants, very high prevalence in African AGMs, and frequent coinfections with as many as 11 distinct variants. IMPORTANCEThe extent to which viruses can persist in small isolated populations depends on multiple host, viral, and environmental factors. The absence of prior infections may put an immunologically naive population at risk for disease outbreaks. Isolated populations originating from a small number of founder individuals are therefore considered at increased risk following contact with populations with a greater variety of viruses. Here, we compared the plasma virome of West African green monkeys to that in their descendants after importation of a small number of animals to the Caribbean. A lentivirus and a pegivirus were found in the West African population but not in the Caribbean population. Highly diverse anelloviruses were found in both populations. A small founder population, limited to infants and young juvenile monkeys, may have eliminated the sexually transmitted viruses from the Caribbean AGMs, while anelloviruses, acquired at an earlier age, persisted through the host population bottleneck.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Local Virus Extinctions following a Host Population Bottleneck

Kapusinszky

Mulvaney

Jasinska

et al. 2015

J Virol

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“…Epidemiological investigations demonstrated that GBV-C/HGV RNA prevalence among blood donors ranges from 0.5-4% in the USA, Europe and Japan (Orito et al 1996, Gutierrez et al 1997, Nübling et al 1997, Blair et al 1998, Sauleda et al 1999) to 10-18.9% in some African countries (Casteling et al 1998, El-Zayadi et al 1999, Sathar et al 1999. In South America, it has also been reported at a varying range from 5.5% in Argentina (Oubiña et al 1999) to 14.6% in Bolivia (Konomi et al 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and genotypes of GB Virus C/Hepatitis G virus among blood donors in Central Brazil

Oliveira

Martins

Carneiro

et al. 2002

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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“…In the control group, HGV RNA was detected in 15%. This prevalence rate is 3-to 7-fold higher than that reported among healthy children by Sarrazin in 1998 [10] [13]. A study done by Kalkan et al in 2005 in Turkey showed that none of the tested blood donors were positive for HGV RNA [3].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…These explanations are supported by the high prevalence of other hepatotropic viruses, namely HCV, in Egypt [13]. It might also be attributed to other hidden community risk factors to which Egyptian children are exposed, such as folk medicine, tattooing, and nonprofessional circumcision.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis G Virus Infection in Multitransfused Egyptian Children

Salama

Selim

2009

Pediatric Hematology and Oncology

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The purpose of this study was to identify the magnitude of the hepatitis G virus infection in 33 multitransfused cases and 20 matched controls. All were tested for liver biochemical profile, HBsAg, HCV-antibody, HGV-RNA, and antibody to envelop protein E(2). HGV was detected alone in 61% of the multitransfused cases and 15% of the controls. Hepatitis markers were negative in 21% of cases versus 70% of controls. HGV envelope antibody was detected in 12% of cases, and none of controls. Mean values of transaminases in HGV positives and negatives showed no significant differences. HGV infection is highly prevalent in Egyptian children with no impact in infected cases.

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Prevalence of GBV-C/hepatitis G virus viraemia among blood donors, health care personnel, chronic non-B non-C hepatitis, chronic hepatitis C and hemodialysis patients in Egypt

Cited by 31 publications

References 19 publications

Local Virus Extinctions following a Host Population Bottleneck

Local Virus Extinctions following a Host Population Bottleneck

Prevalence and genotypes of GB Virus C/Hepatitis G virus among blood donors in Central Brazil

Hepatitis G Virus Infection in Multitransfused Egyptian Children

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