Prevalence of Fusarium Wilt Disease of Cucumber (Cucumis sativus Linn) in Peninsular Malaysia Caused by Fusarium oxysporum and F. solani

Abstract

Fusarium wilt disease is one of the most problematic and destructive disease in cucumber production. The causative agents are Fusarium oxysporum and F. solani. These pathogens are soil borne and transmitted through infested soil and water. A field survey was conducted to study the disease prevalence in the major growing areas of cucumber in Peninsular Malaysia. Field study revealed that the disease was highly prevalence in the field with the disease incidence was in the range of 10%–60%. The morphological properties of F. oxysporum are microconidia (3.8–15.7 μm × 2.9–4.9 μm), macroconidia (14.8–38.5 μm × 2.4–5.7 μm) and number of septate was 1–4. While for F. solani are microconidia (3.39–14.63 μm × 2.36–4.44 μm), macroconidia (7.22–50.46 μm × 2.43–6.14 μm) and number of septate was 1–5. Based on molecular identification had confirmed that the disease is caused by F. oxysporum and F. solani with similarity index of 99%–100% based on internal transcribed spacer (ITS) gene sequences. The pathogenicity test showed that the symptoms of Fusarium wilt disease was firstly appeared as yellowing of old leaves. Progressively, the infected plant will be wilted and finally died. The outputs of this study are highly important to establish an effective disease management programme to reduce disease prevalence and yield loss in the field.

Identification and characterizations of a few species of Fusarium infecting cucumber in greenhouse conditions

“…The vegetable crops like cucumber can be produced year-round in open fields or greenhouses. Fusarium wilt disease is indeed a significant problem in cucumber production and can have devastating effects on cucumber plants and cause considerable economic losses for farmers, which impairs both yields and fruit quality (Al-Tuwaijri, 2015 ; Din et al, 2020). Cucumber Fusarium wilt was highly prevalence in Babylon Province, with field disease incidence ranging from 22% to 55.3%.…”

“…This disease can devastate cucumber plants and cause considerable economic losses for farmers. The disease is prevalent in most countries, with yield losses ranging from 40-70% (Din et al, 2020;Sharma and Shukla, 2021). According to Fareed et al (2016 ), the cucumber wilt is common in most of the world's cucumber-growing regions.…”

“…According to Fareed et al (2016 ), the cucumber wilt is common in most of the world's cucumber-growing regions. Fusarium solani and F. oxysporum, cause root rot and damping off in cucumber plants reducing the production of these plants (Din et al, 2020). F. incarnatum causes serious disease in the young cucumber fruit that has withered and is coated in white mycelium (Mao et al 2020).…”

“…The pathogenicity test revealed that yellowing old leaves was the primary symptom of Fusarium wilt disease. Over time, the diseased plant will wilt and eventually die (Din et al, 2020). The conventional approaches for describing and distinguishing between Fusarium species are mostly focused on their appearance (Rahjoo et al, 2008 ).…”

Enhancing in vitro regeneration via somatic embryogenesis and Fusarium wilt resistance of Egyptian cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) cultivars

“…This ailment, attributed to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum , as noted by Din et al, 18 has been identified as a substantial threat. Meng et al 19 have reported that Fusarium wilt thrives in elevated air and soil temperatures (ranging from 23.9 °C to 30 °C), with disease manifestation being less likely in cooler soil conditions (below 20 °C), where an infected plant might remain symptom-free.…”