Prevalence of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders in 4 US Communities

May, Philip A.; Chambers, Christina D.; Kalberg, Wendy O.; Zellner, Jennifer; Feldman, Haruna S.; Buckley, David; Kopald, David; Hasken, Julie M.; Xu, Ronghui; Honerkamp‐Smith, Gordon; Taras, Howard; Manning, Melanie A.; Robinson, Luther K.; Adam, Margaret P; Abdul‐Rahman, Omar; Vaux, Keith K.; Jewett, Tamison; Elliott, Amy J.; Kable, Julie A.; Akshoomoff, Natacha; Falk, Daniel E.; Arroyo, Judith A.; Hereld, Dale; Riley, Edward P.; Charness, Michael E.; Coles, Claire D.; Warren, K. S.; Jones, Kenneth Lyons; Hoyme, H. Eugene

doi:10.1097/01.ogx.0000542484.75708.ba

Cited by 148 publications

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“…Global FAS prevalence estimate intervals range from 0 to 176.77 per 1,000 live births (Roozen et al, 2016). Data by May and Chambers, 2018, that lead to a conservative prevalence of FASD in 4 communities in the United States of 1.1 to 5% of school-age children are certainly alarming.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders: Health Needs Assessment in Brazil

Rocha

Souza

Wachholz

et al. 2020

Alcoholism Clin & Exp Res

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Background Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) is a disorder caused by alterations in embryo‐fetal development due to prenatal alcohol exposure. It is estimated that between 0.5 and 2 per 1,000 individuals are born with FAS every year. In Brazil, there are few studies addressing the extent of the problem of FAS/fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD); these studies are confined to limited geographic areas. Therefore, we decided to perform a health needs assessment for FAS/FASD in Brazil. Methods To estimate the prevalence of FAS and FASD in Brazil, we used information from the literature, which estimates between 0.5 and 2/1,000 births per year for FAS and 10 to 50/1,000 for FASD. Results We estimated that approximately 1,500 to 6,000 children are born with FAS every year. Considering the whole population, the prevalence would be 95,377 to 380,000 affected people. However, when we consider FASD as a whole, we estimate that between 1,900,000 and 9,500,000 Brazilians might suffer the more severe consequences of alcohol exposure during pregnancy and be living with FASD. Conclusion The results of the current study indicate that FAS and FASD are prevalent disorders in Brazil, and more policies targeting alcohol intake during pregnancy must be developed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…b Fetal alcohol syndrome (May and Gossage, 2001). c Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (May et al, 2018). We excluded estimates for FASD in live births and preschool categories, since ARND is diagnosed only from the school age.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders: Health Needs Assessment in Brazil

Rocha

Souza

Wachholz

et al. 2020

Alcoholism Clin & Exp Res

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“…A very recent prevalence study in the general US population provided a conservative estimate of 11.3-50 per 1000 children. 16 The prevalence rate of FASD amongst the general population in Australia is currently unknown. An Australian study in a selected high-risk population reported some of the highest rates of FASD in the world (i.e.…”

Section: Prevalencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…23 In the interim, the focus Table 3 Selection of quotes from Queensland Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) Support Group, following a Facebook-posted question -What they would like to tell their paediatrician? (May, 2018) • 'A parent knows when there is something wrong with our children so listen' • 'We come to professionals hoping you know more than us' • 'Don't be afraid to ask the mum if alcohol could have been consumed in the pregnancy. But don't do it accusingly and don't judge the mother by making her feel guilty or blaming and shaming her' • 'You don't have to be an alcoholic to have a child with FASD.…”

Section: Future Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Responding to fetal alcohol spectrum disorder in Australia

Shelton

Reid

Till

et al. 2018

J Paediatrics Child Health

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Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) is a significant public health issue in Australia that is poorly diagnosed, chronic and costly. FASD is a diffuse acquired brain injury secondary to prenatal alcohol exposure. The prevalence rate of FASD among the general population in Australia is currently unknown; however, an Australian study in a selected high‐risk population reported some of the highest rates of FASD in the world. A common misconception among clinicians is that a child must have ‘the face’ of FASD to have the disorder. This is incorrect. The three sentinel facial features only occur in the minority of individuals with FASD. FASD should be considered as a ‘whole body’ disorder as increased susceptibility to chronic health problems suggests suboptimal in utero environments places the individual at risk of later disease. Clinicians are reluctant to consider FASD as a possible diagnosis because of the concern of inducing stigma; however, this concern is neither supported by the evidence nor patient stories. The Australian Guide to the Diagnosis of FASD is now available to assist health professionals in providing timely and accurate diagnoses, which can lead to improved outcomes via evidence‐based intervention and is an important first step in future prevention.

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“…The latest study from the USA gives a conservative estimate of 1.1% to 5% among 7-year-old children, and a less conservative approach gives an estimate of 3% to 10%. 5 As a reminder, the prevalence of CP is around 0.2%. Both CP and FASD are lifelong disorders of varying severity.…”

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Have we done enough for people with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders?

Autti-Rämö

2018

Develop Med Child Neuro

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In 1983, not long after I had started a study on the early diagnosis of cerebral palsy (CP) in Finland that included developmental evaluations at predefined intervals, my supervisor contacted me. An ongoing national intervention study on alcohol consumption during pregnancy was based on the assumption that the effects of prenatal alcohol exposure could be verified at birth. This was, however, not the case and the researcher urgently needed someone to follow-up the children prenatally exposed to alcohol and their controls with no prenatal alcohol exposure. Suddenly I had over 200 infants to follow; half of them exposed to pre-or perinatal asphyxia and the other half to alcohol of various duration and dose during pregnancy. The respective outcomes of these two different exposures -CP and fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD)have played an important role in my professional life since.Domeij et al. 1 report a systematic review of the existing literature on how individuals with FASD and their biological or foster parents experience their life. To an insider in this field with over 30 years of clinical and research experience, these voices are no more than whispers of reality, but they do offer an important keyhole perspective into the life of a large number of children still being undiagnosed or misdiagnosed. Living with FASD is hard, not only because of the various difficulties the children face when trying to cope with the daily challenges arising from their cognitive deficits and feeling different, but also because of the many adverse events they frequently have experienced during childhood. 2 Their parentsboth biological and fosterfind it hard to gain access to diagnostic facilities and multiprofessional support and feel left alone. Feelings of shame, blame, and guilt also need to be tackled. 3 Over the past 35 years, research on CP has covered a range of topics including prevention, epidemiology, definition, interventions, and quality of life; these encompass the whole life perspective with clear connections to clinical reality and to building services for children and their families. Most of the studies on FASD, however, have focused on trying to identify 'how much is safe to drink during pregnancy' and what the diagnostic criteria are. In short, whether the phenomenon of FASD truly exists. Far less research has been targeted on prevention and developing interventions. It comes as no surprise that the prevalence of FASD has proven to be much higher than expected. 4 During the last decades, the prevalence of FASD has been extensively studied using active case ascertainment in school settings. The latest study from the USA gives a conservative estimate of 1.1% to 5% among 7-year-old children, and a less conservative approach gives an estimate of 3% to 10%. 5 As a reminder, the prevalence of CP is around 0.2%. Both CP and FASD are lifelong disorders of varying severity.Recently, a young adolescent asked, 'why didn't anybody help my grandmother stop drinking'. The child's mother had FASD. The consequences of negle...

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Prevalence of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders in 4 US Communities

Cited by 148 publications

References 0 publications

Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders: Health Needs Assessment in Brazil

Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders: Health Needs Assessment in Brazil

Responding to fetal alcohol spectrum disorder in Australia

Have we done enough for people with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders?

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